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  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    Study on the Properties of Esterified Corn Starch/Polylactide Biodegradable Blends

    Yongjie Zheng1,2,3,*, Mingjian Xu1, Jingzhi Tian1, Meihong Yu1, Bin Tan4, Hong Zhao2,3,*, Yin Tang2,3

    Journal of Renewable Materials, Vol.10, No.11, pp. 2949-2959, 2022, DOI:10.32604/jrm.2022.019702

    Abstract Fully bio-based and biodegradable starch/polylactic acid blends have received increasing attentions for their biodegradability and potential to offset the use of unsustainable fossil resources, specifically, their application in packaging. Herein, corn starch was first esterified with maleic anhydride and then compounded with polylactide (PLA) to prepare esterified corn starch/polylactic acid blends with starch content up to 35 wt%. The structures, morphologies, thermal and mechanical properties of starch or blends were investigated. The results showed that corn starch was successfully grafted with maleic anhydride, which showed increased crystallinity and particle size than native starch. Esterified corn starch/polylactic acid blends showed good… More >

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    Effect of Mixing Strategy on the Structure-Properties of the PLA/PBAT Blends Incorporated with CNC

    Deniz Sema Sarul1, Dogan Arslan2, Emre Vatansever1, Yusuf Kahraman2, Ali Durmus3, Reza Salehiyan4, Mohammadreza Nofar1,2,*

    Journal of Renewable Materials, Vol.10, No.1, pp. 149-164, 2022, DOI:10.32604/jrm.2022.017003

    Abstract Polylactide (PLA)/poly (butylene adipate-co-terephthalate) (PBAT) blend nanocomposites including 3 wt% of cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) were prepared by melt compounding method in a twin-screw extruder and an internal mixer. Blend nanocomposites were formulated by diluting three different masterbatches prepared by solution casting method that contained 7 wt% of CNC. These masterbatches were: (m1) PLA/PBAT/CNC masterbatch; (m2) PLA/CNC masterbatch; and (m3) PBAT/CNC masterbatch. These were to explore how different preparation methods affect the dispersion and localization of CNC and hence the properties of PLA/PBAT/CNC blend nanocomposites. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was used to study the structural changes of the blends. Rheological properties… More >

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    Amorphous Polylactide Bead Foam–Effect of Talc and Chain Extension on Foaming Behavior and Compression Properties

    Christian Brütting1, Julia Dreier2, Christian Bonten2, Volker Altstädt1, Holger Ruckdäschel1,*

    Journal of Renewable Materials, Vol.9, No.11, pp. 1859-1868, 2021, DOI:10.32604/jrm.2021.016244

    Abstract Polylactide (PLA) bead foams show a high potential regarding their applicability in packaging or consumer products. Concerning the comparable properties of PLA to Polystyrene (PS) and the good CO2 footprint it represents a potential alternative to petroleum-based polymer foams. However, foaming of PLA is challenging, due to its low melt strength, therefore chemical modifiers are often used. Concerning the bead foam technology regarding PLA, the available literature is limited so far. Within this study, the bead foaming behavior of neat and modified amorphous PLA was investigated. The material was modified by talc and an epoxy-based chain extender. These compounds have… More >

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    Improving Polylactide Toughness by Plasticizing with Low Molecular Weight Polylactide-Poly(Butylene Succinate) Copolymer

    Yottha Srithep1,*, Onpreeya Veang-in1, Dutchanee Pholharn2, Lih-Sheng Turng3, John Morris4

    Journal of Renewable Materials, Vol.9, No.7, pp. 1267-1281, 2021, DOI:10.32604/jrm.2021.015604

    Abstract A low-molecular-weight polylactide-poly(butylene succinate) (PLA-PBS) copolymer was synthesized and incorporated into polylactide (PLA) as a novel toughening agent by solvent casting. The copolymer had the same chemical structure and function as PLA and it was used as a plasticizer to PLA. The copolymer was blended with PLA at a weight ratio from 2 to 10 wt%. Phase separation between PLA and PLA-PBS was not observed from their scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images and the crystal structure of PLA almost remained unchanged based on the X-ray diffraction (XRD) measurement. The melt flow index (MFI) of the blends was higher as the… More >

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    The Influence of Poly(Vinyl Alcohol) on Oil Release Behavior of Polylactide-Based Composites Filled with Linseed Cake

    Olga Mysiukiewicz1,*, Mateusz Barczewski1, Joanna Szulc2

    Journal of Renewable Materials, Vol.8, No.4, pp. 347-363, 2020, DOI:10.32604/jrm.2020.09276

    Abstract In order to limit the negative impact of industry on natural environment, ecological alternatives to conventional polymers are being proposed. One of the most popular “green” polymers is polylactide, which can also be successfully applied as a matrix of composites. The application of ground linseed cake as a filler for polylactide-based composites is in line with the idea of Circular Economy, and moreover it provides a modifying effect on the polymer by increasing its crystallinity and reducing its brittleness. This effect is caused by the presence of linseed oil which can be released to the polymeric matrix in a non-controlled… More >

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    Toddy Palm (Borassus Flabellifer) Fruit Fibre Bundles as Reinforcement in Polylactide (PLA) Composites: An Overview About Fibre and Composite Characteristics

    Nina Graupner1,*, Koranat Narkpiban2,5, Thiprada Poonsawat3, Porntip Tooptompong4, Jörg Müssig1

    Journal of Renewable Materials, Vol.7, No.8, pp. 693-711, 2019, DOI:10.32604/jrm.2019.06785

    Abstract Toddy palm fruit have an apparent density below 0.8 g/cm³ and offer an interesting lightweight construction potential in polylactide (PLA) composites reinforced with 37 mass-% fibres. Single fibre bundles show similar mechanical properties compared with coir: tensile strength of 240 MPa, Young´s modulus of 3.8 GPa and an elongation at break of 31%. However, density and diameter (~ 50 μm) of fruit fibre bundles are significantly lower. The compression moulded composites have a density of 0.9 g/cm³ and achieved an unnotched Charpy impact strength of 12 kJ/m², a tensile strength of 25 MPa, Young’s modulus of 1.9 GPa and an… More >

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    Novel Bio-based Flame Retardant Systems Derived from Tannic Acid

    Fouad LAOUTID1,*, Valeriia KARASEVA1, Lucie COSTES1, 2, Sylvain BROHEZ2, Rosica MINCHEVA1, Philippe DUBOIS1

    Journal of Renewable Materials, Vol.6, No.6, pp. 559-572, 2018, DOI:10.32604/JRM.2018.00004

    Abstract In this study, tannic acid (TA) was investigated as flame retardant agent for PLA. Different strategies to modify its thermal degradation pathway have been explored in order to improve its charring effect. The first one consists in combining TA with organomodified montmorillonite (oMMT), and enables limiting the thermo-oxidative degradation of TA and promoting the formation of an effective char layer. Flame-retardant (FR) behavior of PLA-based composition has been found to be positively impacted by this combination since a reduction of the peak of Heat Release Rate (PHRR), more important than the value recorded when oMMT and tannic acid are used… More >

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    Suitability of Blends from Virgin and Reprocessed Polylactide: Performance and Energy Valorization Kinetics

    O. Gil-Castell1, J. D. Badia1,2, A. Ribes-Greus1,*

    Journal of Renewable Materials, Vol.6, No.4, pp. 370-382, 2018, DOI:10.7569/JRM.2017.634170

    Abstract A blending strategy of virgin and reprocessed polylactide may be postulated as an alternative to reduce the material cost at industrial level, and as a valorization route to plastic waste management of production scraps. The performance of blends prepared from virgin polylactide and polylactide mechanically reprocessed up to two cycles (PLA-V/R) was assessed in terms of thermo-oxidative stability, morphology, viscoelasticity and thermal kinetics for energetic valorization. PLA-V/R blends showed appropriate thermo-oxidative stability. The amorphous nature of polylactide was preserved after blending. The viscoelastic properties showed an increment of the mechanical blend effectiveness, which suggested the feasibility of using PLA-V/R blends… More >

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