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  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    A Temporary Frequency Response Strategy Using a Voltage Source-Based Permanent Magnet Synchronous Generator and Energy Storage Systems

    Baogang Chen1, Fenglin Miao2,*, Jing Yang1, Chen Qi2, Wenyan Ji1

    Energy Engineering, Vol.121, No.2, pp. 541-555, 2024, DOI:10.32604/ee.2023.028327

    Abstract Energy storage systems (ESS) and permanent magnet synchronous generators (PMSG) are speculated to be able to exhibit frequency regulation capabilities by adding differential and proportional control loops with different control objectives. The available PMSG kinetic energy and charging/discharging capacities of the ESS were restricted. To improve the inertia response and frequency control capability, we propose a short-term frequency support strategy for the ESS and PMSG. To this end, the weights were embedded in the control loops to adjust the participation of the differential and proportional controls based on the system frequency excursion. The effectiveness of the proposed control strategy was… More >

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    Analysis of Sub-Synchronous Oscillation of Virtual Synchronous Generator and Research on Suppression Strategy in Weak Grid

    Chongyang Zhao, Wei Chai, Beibei Rui, Lin Chen*

    Energy Engineering, Vol.120, No.11, pp. 2683-2705, 2023, DOI:10.32604/ee.2023.029620

    Abstract At present, the direct drive permanent magnet synchronous generator (DD-PMSG) grid connected system based on virtual synchronous generator (VSG) control will experience power oscillation at sub synchronous frequencies. The mechanism and characteristics of this new type of sub-synchronous interaction (SSI) are not yet clear, and the system cannot recover to steady state solely based on the characteristics of VSG itself. Especially when connected to a weak current network, oscillations are more pronounced, affecting the stability of the system. In severe cases, the system may trigger shutdown protection and be disconnected from the network. Existing research has only analyzed the oscillation… More >

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    Rooted Tree Optimization for Wind Turbine Optimum Control Based on Energy Storage System

    Billel Meghni1, Afaf Benamor2, Oussama Hachana3, Ahmad Taher Azar4,5,*, Amira Boulmaiz6, Salah Saad1, El-Sayed M. El-kenawy7,8, Nashwa Ahmad Kamal9, Suliman Mohamed Fati5, Naglaa K. Bahgaat10

    CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.74, No.2, pp. 3977-3996, 2023, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2023.029838

    Abstract The integration of wind turbines (WTs) in variable speed drive systems belongs to the main factors causing low stability in electrical networks. Therefore, in order to avoid this issue, WTs hybridization with a storage system is a mandatory. This paper investigates WT system operating at variable speed. The system contains of a permanent magnet synchronous generator (PMSG) supported by a battery storage system (BSS). To enhance the quality of active and reactive power injected into the network, direct power control (DPC) scheme utilizing space-vector modulation (SVM) technique based on proportional-integral (PI) control is proposed. Meanwhile, to improve the rendition of… More >

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    Control and Automation of Hybrid Renewable Energy Harvesting System

    R. S. Jothilakshmi*, S. Chitra Selvi

    Intelligent Automation & Soft Computing, Vol.34, No.2, pp. 865-876, 2022, DOI:10.32604/iasc.2022.025643

    Abstract The hybrid renewable energy harvesting and grid integration system has been proposed and validated in this work. The proposed system uses a Wind Energy Conversion System (WECS) and a Solar Photo Voltaic Energy Conversion System (SPVECS). The WECS uses Permanent Magnet Synchronous Generator (PMSG) driven by a wind turbine. The variable frequency and variable voltage output of PMSG is rectified by Diode Bridge Rectifier (DBR) and stepped up by Super Lift Luo Converter (SLLC 1), and finally, the harvested wind energy is delivered to the Direct Current (DC) link of a Distributed Static Synchronous Compensator (DSTATCOM). Further, SPV energy is… More >

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    PMSG Based Wind Energy Conversion System Using Intelligent MPPT with HGRSC Converter

    S. Kirubadevi*, S. Sutha

    Intelligent Automation & Soft Computing, Vol.34, No.2, pp. 895-910, 2022, DOI:10.32604/iasc.2022.025395

    Abstract Wind power conversion systems play a significant position in grid-coupled renewable source networks. In this paper, a permanent magnet based synchronous alternator type wind energy scheme is considered for analysis. The enhanced performance of wind power conversion could be reached by improving maximum power point tracking (MPPT) and by modernising the control circuit of the power electronic circuit. The main task is to enrich its performance level by proposing fuzzy gain scheduling (FGS) based optimal torque management for maximum power point tracking. In addition to the improved MPPT, this article analyses different topologies of direct current–direct current (DC–DC) converters such… More >

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    Energy Enhancement of Permanent Magnet Synchronous Generators Using Particle Swarm Optimization

    S. Marisargunam1,*, L. Kalaivani2, R. V. Maheswari2

    Intelligent Automation & Soft Computing, Vol.33, No.3, pp. 1711-1727, 2022, DOI:10.32604/iasc.2022.023643

    Abstract Wind Energy Conversion Systems (WECS) are extensively used for connecting directly to grid sources. Permanent magnet synchronous generator (PMSG) based WECS is coupled to both grid and machine through converters. PMSG usually associated rectifiers with converters and voltage source converters at machine side. In this work, PMSG associated rectifiers with converters are considered for analysis of grid stability. The proposed work used Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) based optimization methods for extraction of maximum power within boundary condition in WECS operation using PMSG. This high-tech optimization has MPPT controller for pitch angle controller (PAC) combines with PSO optimized controllers for converter… More >

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    Enhanced Atom Search Optimization Based Optimal Control Parameter Tunning of PMSG for MPPT

    Xin He1, Ping Wei2, Xiaoyan Gong1, Xiangfei Meng3, Dong Shan4, Jiawei Zhu5,*

    Energy Engineering, Vol.119, No.1, pp. 145-161, 2022, DOI:10.32604/EE.2022.015910

    Abstract For the past few years, wind energy is the most popular non-traditional resource among renewable energy resources and it’s significant to make full use of wind energy to realize a high level of generating power. Moreover, diverse maximum power point tracking (MPPT) methods have been designed for varying speed operation of wind energy conversion system (WECS) applications to obtain optimal power extraction. Hence, a novel and meta-heuristic technique, named enhanced atom search optimization (EASO), is designed for a permanent magnet synchronous generator (PMSG) based WECS, which can be employed to track the maximum power point. One of the most promising… More >

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    Open-Circuit Faults Diagnosis in Direct-Drive PMSG Wind Turbine Converter

    Wei Zhang1,2, Qihui Ling1,2,*, Qiancheng Zhao1,2, Hushu Wu3

    Energy Engineering, Vol.118, No.5, pp. 1515-1535, 2021, DOI:10.32604/EE.2021.014162

    Abstract The condition monitoring and fault diagnosis have been identified as the key to achieving higher availabilities of wind turbines. Numerous studies show that the open-circuit fault is a significant contributor to the failures of wind turbine converter. However, the multiple faults combinations and the influence of wind speed changes abruptly, grid voltage sags and noise interference have brought great challenges to fault diagnosis. Accordingly, concerning the open-circuit fault of converters in direct-driven PMSG wind turbine, a diagnostic method for multiple open-circuit faults is proposed in this paper, which is divided into two tasks: The first one is the fault detection… More >

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    Robust Variable-Pitch Control Design of PMSG Via Perturbation Observer

    Yilin Hu1, Yan Xie2, Bo Li3,*, Yiqiang Jiang1, Fu Bao1

    Energy Engineering, Vol.118, No.4, pp. 911-929, 2021, DOI:10.32604/EE.2021.014759

    Abstract Wind turbine employs pitch angle control to maintain captured power at its rated value when the wind speed is higher than rated value. This work adopts a perturbation observer based sliding-mode control (POSMC) strategy to realize robust variable-pitch control of permanent magnet synchronous generator (PMSG). POSMC combines system nonlinearities, parametric uncertainties, unmodelled dynamics, and time-varying external disturbances into a perturbation, which aims to estimate the perturbation via a perturbation observer without an accurate system model. Subsequently, sliding mode control (SMC) is designed to completely compensate perturbation estimation in real-time for the sake of achieving a global consistent control performance and… More >

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