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Search Results (10)
  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    Development of a cell adhesion-based prognostic model for multiple myeloma: Insights into chemotherapy response and potential reversal of adhesion effects

    QIAN HU, MENGYAO WANG, JINJIN WANG, YALI TAO, TING NIU*

    Oncology Research, Vol.32, No.4, pp. 753-768, 2024, DOI:10.32604/or.2023.043647

    Abstract Multiple myeloma (MM) is a hematologic malignancy notorious for its high relapse rate and development of drug resistance, in which cell adhesion-mediated drug resistance plays a critical role. This study integrated four RNA sequencing datasets (CoMMpass, GSE136337, GSE9782, and GSE2658) and focused on analyzing 1706 adhesion-related genes. Rigorous univariate Cox regression analysis identified 18 key prognosis-related genes, including KIF14, TROAP, FLNA, MSN, LGALS1, PECAM1, and ALCAM, which demonstrated the strongest associations with poor overall survival (OS) in MM patients. To comprehensively evaluate the impact of cell adhesion on MM prognosis, an adhesion-related risk score (ARRS) model was constructed using Lasso… More >

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    Immune checkpoint receptors and their ligands on CD8 T cells and myeloma cells in extramedullary multiple myeloma

    XIAN ZHANG1, ZHUANG ZHOU2, JUNZHE WANG1, MENGMENG HAN1, HAN LIU1, MEIRONG ZANG1, JIANNING LIU1, JIAPEI LU1, JINQIAO ZHANG1, GUOCHUAN ZHANG2,*, LIXIA SUN1,#,*

    BIOCELL, Vol.48, No.2, pp. 303-311, 2024, DOI:10.32604/biocell.2023.046640

    Abstract Background: Prognosis of multiple myeloma (MM) patients with extramedullary disease (EMD) remains poor. T cell dysfunction and an immunosuppressive environment have been reported in the bone marrow (BM) of MM patients. However, the immunosuppressive microenvironment and immune checkpoint receptors (ICRs) on CD8 T cells in the EMD tissue of newly diagnosed MM (NDMM) patients have not been thoroughly studied. Methods: We investigated the expression levels of T cell immunoglobulin mucin-domain-containing-3 (TIM-3) and T-cell immunoglobulin and ITIM domain (TIGIT) on CD8 T cells and the expression of their ligands (Galectin-9 and CD155) on myeloma cells in EMD tissue of NDMM patients.… More > Graphic Abstract

    Immune checkpoint receptors and their ligands on CD8 T cells and myeloma cells in extramedullary multiple myeloma

  • Open Access

    REVIEW

    Stem cell technology for antitumor drug loading and delivery in oncology

    FRANCESCO PETRELLA*, ENRICO MARIO CASSINA, LIDIA LIBRETTI, EMANUELE PIRONDINI, FEDERICO RAVEGLIA, ANTONIO TUORO

    Oncology Research, Vol.32, No.3, pp. 433-437, 2024, DOI:10.32604/or.2023.046497

    Abstract The main aim of antineoplastic treatment is to maximize patient benefit by augmenting the drug accumulation within affected organs and tissues, thus incrementing drug effects and, at the same time, reducing the damage of non-involved tissues to cytotoxic agents. Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSC) represent a group of undifferentiated multipotent cells presenting wide self-renewal features and the capacity to differentiate into an assortment of mesenchymal family cells. During the last year, they have been proposed as natural carriers for the selective release of antitumor drugs to malignant cells, thus optimizing cytotoxic action on cancer cells, while significantly reducing adverse side effects… More >

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    Identification of TNFRSF1A as a novel regulator of carfilzomib resistance in multiple myeloma

    JIE ZHAO1,#, XUANTAO YANG2,#, HAIXI ZHANG1, XUEZHONG GU1,*

    Oncology Research, Vol.32, No.2, pp. 325-337, 2024, DOI:10.32604/or.2023.030770

    Abstract Multiple myeloma (MM) is a hematological tumor with high mortality and recurrence rate. Carfilzomib is a new-generation proteasome inhibitor that is used as the first-line therapy for MM. However, the development of drug resistance is a pervasive obstacle to treating MM. Therefore, elucidating the drug resistance mechanisms is conducive to the formulation of novel therapeutic therapies. To elucidate the mechanisms of carfilzomib resistance, we retrieved the GSE78069 microarray dataset containing carfilzomib-resistant LP-1 MM cells and parental MM cells. Differential gene expression analyses revealed major alterations in the major histocompatibility complex (MHC) and cell adhesion molecules. The upregulation of the tumor… More >

  • Open Access

    VIEWPOINT

    Liquid biopsy and blood-based minimal residual disease evaluation in multiple myeloma

    ALESSANDRO GOZZETTI*, MONICA BOCCHIA

    Oncology Research, Vol.31, No.3, pp. 271-274, 2023, DOI:10.32604/or.2023.028668

    Abstract Novel drug availability has increased the depth of response and revolutionised the outcomes of multiple myeloma patients. Minimal residual disease evaluation is a surrogate for progression-free survival and overall survival and has become widely used not-only in clinical trials but also in daily patient management. Bone marrow aspiration is the gold standard for response evaluation, but due to the patchy nature of myeloma, false negatives are possible. Liquid biopsy and blood-based minimal residual disease evaluation consider circulating plasma cells, mass spectrometry or circulating tumour DNA. This approach is less invasive, can provide a more comprehensive picture of the disease and… More >

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    Fractional Order Nonlinear Bone Remodeling Dynamics Using the Supervised Neural Network

    Narongsak Yotha1, Qusain Hiader2, Zulqurnain Sabir3, Muhammad Asif Zahoor Raja4, Salem Ben Said5, Qasem Al-Mdallal5, Thongchai Botmart6, Wajaree Weera6,*

    CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.74, No.2, pp. 2415-2430, 2023, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2023.031352

    Abstract This study aims to solve the nonlinear fractional-order mathematical model (FOMM) by using the normal and dysregulated bone remodeling of the myeloma bone disease (MBD). For the more precise performance of the model, fractional-order derivatives have been used to solve the disease model numerically. The FOMM is preliminarily designed to focus on the critical interactions between bone resorption or osteoclasts (OC) and bone formation or osteoblasts (OB). The connections of OC and OB are represented by a nonlinear differential system based on the cellular components, which depict stable fluctuation in the usual bone case and unstable fluctuation through the MBD.… More >

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    MicroRNA-338-3p Inhibits Proliferation and Promotes Apoptosis of Multiple Myeloma Cells Through Targeting Cyclin-Dependent Kinase 4

    Yang Cao*, Xu Shi, Yingmin Liu, Ren Xu§, Qing Ai*

    Oncology Research, Vol.27, No.1, pp. 117-124, 2019, DOI:10.3727/096504018X15213031799835

    Abstract MicroRNA-338-3p (miR-338-3p) has been reported to be a tumor suppressor in multiple cancer types. However, the biological role of miR-338-3p and its underlying mechanism in multiple myeloma (MM) remain unclear. In the present study, we investigated the biological role and potential of miR-338-3p in MM. We found that miR-338-3p was significantly decreased in newly diagnosed and relapsed MM tissues and cell lines. Overexpression of miR-338-3p in MM cells significantly inhibited proliferation and promoted apoptosis, caspase 3, and caspase 8 activity. Bioinformatics algorithm analysis predicted that cyclin-dependent kinase 4 (CDK4) was a direct target of miR-338-3p, and this was experimentally verified… More >

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    FCY-302, a Novel Small Molecule, Induces Apoptosis in Leukemia and Myeloma Cells by Attenuating Key Antioxidant and Mitochondrial Enzymes

    Prasanna Rajagopalan*†, Abdulrahim Hakami*†, Mohammed Ragab*, Ashraf Elbessoumy*‡

    Oncology Research, Vol.27, No.8, pp. 957-964, 2019, DOI:10.3727/096504019X15555428221646

    Abstract Arylidene analogs are well proven for biological activities. FCY-302, a novel small molecule belonging to this class, was screened for its biological efficacy in leukemia and myeloma cells. FCY-302 selectively inhibited proliferation of cancer cells with GI50 values of 395.2 nM, 514.6 Nm, and 642.4 nM in HL-60, Jurkat, and RPMI-8226 cells, respectively. The compound also increased sub-G0 peak in the cancer cell cycle and favored apoptosis determined by annexin V assay. The compound decreased the antiapoptotic Bcl-2 levels and increased proapoptotic Bax proteins in leukemia and myeloma cell lines. FCY-302 attenuated the mitochondrial membrane-bound Na+ /K+ ATPase, Ca2+ ATPase,… More >

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    Synergistic Efficacy of the Demethylation Agent Decitabine in Combination With the Protease Inhibitor Bortezomib for Treating Multiple Myeloma Through the Wnt/b-Catenin Pathway

    Yulong Jin*, Li Xu*, Xiaodong Wu, Juan Feng*, Mimi Shu*, Hongtao Gu*, Guangxun Gao*, Jinyi Zhang, Baoxia Dong*, Xiequn Chen*

    Oncology Research, Vol.27, No.6, pp. 729-737, 2019, DOI:10.3727/096504018X15443011011637

    Abstract Multiple myeloma (MM) is a hematopoietic malignancy characterized by the clonal proliferation of antibodysecreting plasma cells. Bortezomib (BZM), the first FDA-approved proteasome inhibitor, has significant antimyeloma activity and prolongs the median survival of MM patients. However, MM remains incurable predominantly due to acquired drug resistance and disease relapse. -Catenin, a key effector protein in the canonical Wnt signaling pathway, has been implicated in regulating myeloma cell sensitivity to BZM. Decitabine (DAC) is an epigenetic modulating agent that induces tumor suppressor gene reexpression based on its gene-specific DNA hypomethylation. DAC has been implicated in modulating Wnt/ -catenin signaling by promoting the… More >

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    Cat-Inspired Deep Convolutional Neural Network for Bone Marrow Cancer Cells Detection

    R. Kavitha1,*, N. Viswanathan2

    Intelligent Automation & Soft Computing, Vol.33, No.2, pp. 1305-1320, 2022, DOI:10.32604/iasc.2022.022816

    Abstract Bone marrow cancer is considered to be the most complex and dangerous disease which results due to an uncontrolled growth of white blood cells called leukocytes. Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia (ALL) and Multiple Myeloma (MM) are considered to be important categories of bone cancers, which induces a larger number of cancer cells in the bone marrow, results in preventing the production of healthy blood cells. The advent of Artificial Intelligence, especially machine and deep learning, has expanded humanity’s capacity to analyze and detect these increasingly complex diseases. But, accurate detection of cancer cells and reducing the probability of false alarm rates… More >

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