Wei Zhang¹, Haijun Geng^2,*

CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.80, No.1, pp. 427-448, 2024, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2024.051871 - 18 July 2024

Abstract Currently, distributed routing protocols are constrained by offering a single path between any pair of nodes, thereby limiting the potential throughput and overall network performance. This approach not only restricts the flow of data but also makes the network susceptible to failures in case the primary path is disrupted. In contrast, routing protocols that leverage multiple paths within the network offer a more resilient and efficient solution. Multipath routing, as a fundamental concept, surpasses the limitations of traditional shortest path first protocols. It not only redirects traffic to unused resources, effectively mitigating network congestion, but… More >

S. J. Sangeetha^1,*, T. Rajendran²

Computer Systems Science and Engineering, Vol.46, No.1, pp. 1169-1181, 2023, DOI:10.32604/csse.2023.033392 - 20 January 2023

Abstract Mobile Ad-hoc Networks (MANETs) connect numerous nodes to communicate data from the sender node to the target node. Due to the lack of an infrastructure network, mobile nodes communicate through wireless without an access point. MANET does not have a centralized controller and has a dynamic network topology, which increases link failure and energy consumption resulting in excessive path delay, loss of Quality of service (QoS), and reduced throughput during data communication. Congestion is a significant problem when the QoS of the link carrying the data is degraded. Routing is one of the vital challenges… More >

T. Shanmugapriya^1,*, Dr. K. Kousalya²

Intelligent Automation & Soft Computing, Vol.36, No.1, pp. 879-894, 2023, DOI:10.32604/iasc.2023.032074 - 29 September 2022

Abstract The Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) is a network of Sensor Nodes (SN) which adopt radio signals for communication amongst themselves. There is an increase in the prominence of WSN adaptability to emerging applications like the Internet of Things (IoT) and Cyber-Physical Systems (CPS). Data security, detection of faults, management of energy, collection and distribution of data, network protocol, network coverage, mobility of nodes, and network heterogeneity are some of the issues confronted by WSNs. There is not much published information on issues related to node mobility and management of energy at the time of aggregation… More >

Mohammed Abazeed^*

Journal on Internet of Things, Vol.4, No.4, pp. 227-233, 2022, DOI:10.32604/jiot.2022.039598 - 18 July 2023

Abstract Wireless multimedia sensor networks present unique quality of service and resource management requirements that distinguish them from scalar data in traditional wireless sensor networks. These demands pose a formidable obstacle to sensor nodes, which are resource-constrained and thus require distinct strategies and techniques to operate effectively. Multipath routing improves reliability while conserving the limited resources of sensor nodes. The source node selects the most optimal paths for delivering multimedia packets based on the multi-hop routes. This paper investigates the impact of packet loss on the observed frame rate in multipath routing protocols and evaluates it More >

V. Gayatri^*, M. Senthil Kumaran

CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.72, No.1, pp. 1831-1845, 2022, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2022.021857 - 24 February 2022

Abstract Mobile Ad Hoc Network (MANET) is a group of node that would interrelate among each other through one multi-hop wireless link, wherein the nodes were able to move in response to sudden modifications. The objective of MANET routing protocol is to quantify the route and compute the best path, but there exists a major decrease in energy efficiency, difficulty in hop selection, cost estimation, and efficient load-balancing. In this paper, a novel least common multipath-based routing has been proposed. Multipath routing is used to find a multipath route from source and destination. Load balancing is of… More >

S. G. Siddharth^1,*, G. M. Tamilselvan², C. Venkatesh³

CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.71, No.3, pp. 5219-5234, 2022, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2022.019252 - 14 January 2022

Abstract In underground operation, primary consideration is safety. In recent decades, for minimizing accident and for preventing major economic losses and casualties, wireless sensors are used by various large mineral countries through early warning. The Improved DV-Hop Localization Algorithm (IDVHLA) is used in existing works for doing this. However, accurate anchor node detection is impossible in existing works with the malicious nodes presence, where there won't be any accurate sharing of anchor node's location information. In case of emergency situation, faster communication is a highly complex one. A technique called Modified Distance Vector Hop based Multipath… More >

Haijun Geng¹, Qidong Zhang¹, Jiangyuan Yao^2,*, Wei Wang¹, Zikun Jin¹, Han Zhang³, Yangyang Zhang⁴

CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.68, No.2, pp. 2029-2039, 2021, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2021.016368 - 13 April 2021

Abstract A reduction in network energy consumption and the establishment of green networks have become key scientific problems in academic and industrial research. Existing energy efficiency schemes are based on a known traffic matrix, and acquiring a real-time traffic matrix in current complex networks is difficult. Therefore, this research investigates how to reduce network energy consumption without a real-time traffic matrix. In particular, this paper proposes an intra-domain energy-efficient routing scheme based on multipath routing. It analyzes the relationship between routing availability and energy-efficient routing and integrates the two mechanisms to satisfy the requirements of availability… More >

Thamer Alhussain¹, Ahmad Ali AlZubi^2,*, Abdulaziz Alarifi²

CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.67, No.3, pp. 3749-3763, 2021, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2021.015858 - 01 March 2021

Abstract The vehicle ad hoc network that has emerged in recent years was originally a branch of the mobile ad hoc network. With the drafting and gradual establishment of standards such as IEEE802.11p and IEEE1609, the vehicle ad hoc network has gradually become independent of the mobile ad hoc network. The Internet of Vehicles (Vehicular Ad Hoc Network, VANET) is a vehicle-mounted network that comprises vehicles and roadside basic units. This multi-hop hybrid wireless network is based on a vehicle-mounted self-organizing network. As compared to other wireless networks, such as mobile ad hoc networks, wireless sensor… More >

Haijun Geng¹, Jiangyuan Yao^{2, *}, Yangyang Zhang³

CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.64, No.1, pp. 665-679, 2020, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2020.09912 - 20 May 2020

Abstract Loop free alternate (LFA) is a routing protection scheme that is currently deployed in commercial routers. However, LFA cannot handle all single network component failure scenarios in traditional networks. As Internet service providers have begun to deploy software defined network (SDN) technology, the Internet will be in a hybrid SDN network where traditional and SDN devices coexist for a long time. Therefore, this study aims to deploy the LFA scheme in hybrid SDN network architecture to handle all possible single network component failure scenarios. First, the deployment of LFA scheme in a hybrid SDN network More >