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  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    Lightning Search Algorithm with Deep Transfer Learning-Based Vehicle Classification

    Mrim M. Alnfiai*

    CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.74, No.3, pp. 6505-6521, 2023, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2023.033422

    Abstract There is a drastic increase experienced in the production of vehicles in recent years across the globe. In this scenario, vehicle classification system plays a vital part in designing Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITS) for automatic highway toll collection, autonomous driving, and traffic management. Recently, computer vision and pattern recognition models are useful in designing effective vehicle classification systems. But these models are trained using a small number of hand-engineered features derived from small datasets. So, such models cannot be applied for real-time road traffic conditions. Recent developments in Deep Learning (DL)-enabled vehicle classification models are highly helpful in resolving the… More >

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    Characteristic of Line-of-Sight in Infrastructure-to-Vehicle Visible Light Communication Using MIMO Technique

    Adisorn Kaewpukdee, Peerapong Uthansakul*

    CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.74, No.1, pp. 1025-1048, 2023, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2023.032569

    Abstract Visible Light Communication (VLC) technology is aggressive research for the next generation of communication. Currently, Radio Frequency (RF) communication has crowed spectrum. An Intelligent Transportation System (ITS) has been improved in the communication network for Vehicle-to-Vehicle (V2 V), Vehicle-to-Infrastructure (V2I), and Infrastructure-to-Vehicle (I2 V) by using the visible light spectrum instead of the RF spectrum. This article studies the characterization of Line-of-Sight (LOS) optical performance in an Outdoor Wireless Visible Light Communication (OWVLC) system employing a Multiple-Input Multiple-Output (MIMO) technique for I2 V communications in ITS regulations. We design the new configuration of the OWVLC-I2 V system, which is an alternative approach to communication… More >

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    Deep Learning and SVM-Based Approach for Indian Licence Plate Character Recognition

    Nitin Sharma1, Mohd Anul Haq2, Pawan Kumar Dahiya3, B. R. Marwah4, Reema Lalit5, Nitin Mittal6, Ismail Keshta7,*

    CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.74, No.1, pp. 881-895, 2023, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2023.027899

    Abstract Every developing country relies on transportation, and there has been an exponential expansion in the development of various sorts of vehicles with various configurations, which is a major component strengthening the automobile sector. India is a developing country with increasing road traffic, which has resulted in challenges such as increased road accidents and traffic oversight issues. In the lack of a parametric technique for accurate vehicle recognition, which is a major worry in terms of reliability, high traffic density also leads to mayhem at checkpoints and toll plazas. A system that combines an intelligent domain approach with more sustainability indices… More >

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    Speed-Direction Sensing under Multiple Vehicles Scenario Using Photonic Radars

    Abhishek Sharma1, Sushank Chaudhary2,*, Jyoteesh Malhotra3, Muhammad Saadi4, Sattam Al Otaibi5, Lunchakorn Wuttisittikulkij2

    CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.73, No.3, pp. 5399-5410, 2022, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2022.031173

    Abstract Recent reports from World Health Organization (WHO) show the impact of human negligence as a serious concern for road accidents and casualties worldwide. There are number of reasons which led to this negligence; hence, need of intelligent transportation system (ITS) gains more attention from researchers worldwide. For achieving such autonomy different sensors are involved in autonomous vehicles which can sense road conditions and warn the control system about possible hazards. This work is focused on designing one such sensor system which can detect and range multiple targets under the impact of adverse atmospheric conditions. A high-speed Linear Frequency Modulated Continuous… More >

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    A Multi-Mode Public Transportation System Using Vehicular to Network Architecture

    Settawit Poochaya1,*, Peerapong Uthansakul1, Monthippa Uthansakul1, Patikorn Anchuen2, Kontorn Thammakul3, Arfat Ahmad Khan4, Niwat Punanwarakorn5, Pech Sirivoratum5, Aranya Kaewkrad5, Panrawee Kanpan5, Apichart Wantamee5

    CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.73, No.3, pp. 5845-5862, 2022, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2022.031162

    Abstract The number of accidents in the campus of Suranaree University of Technology (SUT) has increased due to increasing number of personal vehicles. In this paper, we focus on the development of public transportation system using Intelligent Transportation System (ITS) along with the limitation of personal vehicles using sharing economy model. The SUT Smart Transit is utilized as a major public transportation system, while MoreSai@SUT (electric motorcycle services) is a minor public transportation system in this work. They are called Multi-Mode Transportation system as a combination. Moreover, a Vehicle to Network (V2N) is used for developing the Multi-Mode Transportation system in… More >

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    Hybrid Deep Learning Enabled Air Pollution Monitoring in ITS Environment

    Ashit Kumar Dutta1, Jenyfal Sampson2, Sultan Ahmad3, T. Avudaiappan4, Kanagaraj Narayanasamy5,*, Irina V. Pustokhina6, Denis A. Pustokhin7

    CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.72, No.1, pp. 1157-1172, 2022, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2022.024109

    Abstract Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITS) have become a vital part in improving human lives and modern economy. It aims at enhancing road safety and environmental quality. There is a tremendous increase observed in the number of vehicles in recent years, owing to increasing population. Each vehicle has its own individual emission rate; however, the issue arises when the emission rate crosses a standard value. Owing to the technological advances made in Artificial Intelligence (AI) techniques, it is easy to leverage it to develop prediction approaches so as to monitor and control air pollution. The current research paper presents Oppositional Shark Shell… More >

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    Intelligent DoS Attack Detection with Congestion Control Technique for VANETs

    R. Gopi1, Mahantesh Mathapati2, B. Prasad3, Sultan Ahmad4, Fahd N. Al-Wesabi5, Manal Abdullah Alohali6,*, Anwer Mustafa Hilal7

    CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.72, No.1, pp. 141-156, 2022, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2022.023306

    Abstract Vehicular Ad hoc Network (VANET) has become an integral part of Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITS) in today's life. VANET is a network that can be heavily scaled up with a number of vehicles and road side units that keep fluctuating in real world. VANET is susceptible to security issues, particularly DoS attacks, owing to maximum unpredictability in location. So, effective identification and the classification of attacks have become the major requirements for secure data transmission in VANET. At the same time, congestion control is also one of the key research problems in VANET which aims at minimizing the time expended… More >

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    An Optimal Deep Learning for Cooperative Intelligent Transportation System

    K. Lakshmi1, Srinivas Nagineni2, E. Laxmi Lydia3, A. Francis Saviour Devaraj4, Sachi Nandan Mohanty5, Irina V. Pustokhina6,*, Denis A. Pustokhin7

    CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.72, No.1, pp. 19-35, 2022, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2022.020244

    Abstract Cooperative Intelligent Transport System (C-ITS) plays a vital role in the future road traffic management system. A vital element of C-ITS comprises vehicles, road side units, and traffic command centers, which produce a massive quantity of data comprising both mobility and service-related data. For the extraction of meaningful and related details out of the generated data, data science acts as an essential part of the upcoming C-ITS applications. At the same time, prediction of short-term traffic flow is highly essential to manage the traffic accurately. Due to the rapid increase in the amount of traffic data, deep learning (DL) models… More >

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    Hypo-Driver: A Multiview Driver Fatigue and Distraction Level Detection System

    Qaisar Abbas1,*, Mostafa E.A. Ibrahim1,2, Shakir Khan1, Abdul Rauf Baig1

    CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.71, No.1, pp. 1999-2007, 2022, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2022.022553

    Abstract Traffic accidents are caused by driver fatigue or distraction in many cases. To prevent accidents, several low-cost hypovigilance (hypo-V) systems were developed in the past based on a multimodal-hybrid (physiological and behavioral) feature set. Similarly in this paper, real-time driver inattention and fatigue (Hypo-Driver) detection system is proposed through multi-view cameras and biosignal sensors to extract hybrid features. The considered features are derived from non-intrusive sensors that are related to the changes in driving behavior and visual facial expressions. To get enhanced visual facial features in uncontrolled environment, three cameras are deployed on multiview points (0°, 45°, and 90°) of… More >

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    Automatic License Plate Recognition System for Vehicles Using a CNN

    Parneet Kaur1, Yogesh Kumar1, Shakeel Ahmed2,*, Abdulaziz Alhumam2, Ruchi Singla3, Muhammad Fazal Ijaz4

    CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.71, No.1, pp. 35-50, 2022, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2022.017681

    Abstract Automatic License Plate Recognition (ALPR) systems are important in Intelligent Transportation Services (ITS) as they help ensure effective law enforcement and security. These systems play a significant role in border surveillance, ensuring safeguards, and handling vehicle-related crime. The most effective approach for implementing ALPR systems utilizes deep learning via a convolutional neural network (CNN). A CNN works on an input image by assigning significance to various features of the image and differentiating them from each other. CNNs are popular for license plate character recognition. However, little has been reported on the results of these systems with regard to unusual varieties… More >

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