SULING XU¹, XIAO LI², WENXUE MA^3,*

Oncology Research, Vol.32, No.11, pp. 1701-1708, 2024, DOI:10.32604/or.2024.055161 - 16 October 2024

Abstract The environment surrounding a tumor, known as the tumor microenvironment (TME), plays a role in how cancer progresses and responds to treatment. It poses both challenges and opportunities for improving cancer therapy. Recent progress in understanding the TME complexity and diversity has led to approaches for treating cancer. This perspective discusses the strategies for targeting the TME, such as adjusting networks using extracellular vesicles to deliver drugs and enhancing immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIS) through combined treatments. Furthermore, it highlights adoptive cell transfer (ACT) therapies as an option for tumors. By studying how components of the More >

RONG LIU^1,#, SHENG LI^2,#, SITU XIONG², FUCUN ZHENG², XIANGPENG ZHAN², JIN ZENG², BIN FU², SONGHUI XU², SHAOXING ZHU^1,*, RU CHEN^1,*

Oncology Research, Vol.32, No.11, pp. 1733-1746, 2024, DOI:10.32604/or.2024.050851 - 16 October 2024

Abstract EVI2A has emerged as a significant biomarker in various diseases; however, its biological role and mechanism in kidney renal clear cell carcinoma (KIRC) remains unexplored. We used TCGA and GEO databases to analyze EVI2A gene expression comprehensively and performed pan-cancer assessments. Clinical relevance was evaluated through Kaplan-Meier analysis and ROC curves. The gene’s immune relevance was explored through analyses of the tumor microenvironment (TME), Tumor Immune Single-cell Hub (TISCH), immune checkpoints, and immunotherapy sensitivity. Our results indicate that EVI2A expression is upregulated in KIRC, showing correlations with tumor grade and T/N/M stage. EVI2A demonstrates high… More >

Biao Wang¹, Yuxiang Peng^1,*, Wenhua Xu²

The International Conference on Computational & Experimental Engineering and Sciences, Vol.29, No.3, pp. 1-2, 2024, DOI:10.32604/icces.2024.012061

Abstract The damage process of ship structures under near-field underwater explosions involves strong nonlinear coupling effects of multiple media, and its numerical simulation poses a serious challenge to traditional numerical algorithms. Based on previous research, this article first establishes a highly compressible multiphase flow numerical calculation model based on the high-precision Discontinuous Galerkin Method (DGM) and a ship elastic-plastic damage dynamic model based on the meshless Reproducing Kernel Particle Method (RKPM). Furthermore, we develop an algorithm for grid-independent dynamic expansion of cracks. Based on this, the Boundary Data Immersion Method (BDIM) is used to couple the More >

Haoming Mo^1,*, Junhao Ding¹, Xu Song¹

The International Conference on Computational & Experimental Engineering and Sciences, Vol.29, No.2, pp. 1-1, 2024, DOI:10.32604/icces.2024.011375

Abstract Triply periodic minimal surface (TPMS) shell-lattices are attracting increasing attention because of their exceptional mechanical and geometric characteristics. Additive manufactured TPMS structures using thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) have great application potential in energy absorptions, for which the mechanical properties can be conveniently adjusted to meet diverse requirements. Nevertheless, there is a need for further improvement in the stability and adjustability of energy absorption capacity. This is due to the significant impact of the buckling effect and induced stress fluctuations when the structure is subjected to compression. To alleviate the buckling effect and tune the capability of… More >

Xuefeng Zhu^1,*

The International Conference on Computational & Experimental Engineering and Sciences, Vol.29, No.4, pp. 1-1, 2024, DOI:10.32604/icces.2024.012543

Abstract Isogeometric Analysis (IGA) was introduced by Thomas Hughes et al. with the aim of integrating CAD and FEA. IGA methods can be categorized into two groups: Conforming IGA, such as T-spline based IGA, and non-conforming IGA, such as immersed or embedded IGA. Embedded or immersed IGA methods do not require the construction of analysis-aware geometry, unlike conforming IGA methods such as T-spline based IGA. However, the Galerkin method does not directly apply to these methods, making it challenging for immersed IGA methods to impose strong Dirichlet boundary conditions directly. Nitsche's method is a popular approach… More >

ZHIGUO WANG^1,2,#, KUNLIN LI^2,#, CONGHUA LU², MINGXIA FENG², CAIYU LIN², GUOFANG YIN¹, DAN LUO¹, WENYI LIU³, KAIYU JIN⁴, YUANYAO DOU², DI WU², JIE ZHENG², KEJUN ZHANG⁵, LI LI^2,*, XIANMING FAN^1,*

Oncology Research, Vol.32, No.10, pp. 1637-1648, 2024, DOI:10.32604/or.2024.052664 - 18 September 2024

Abstract Background: Metformin has pleiotropic effects beyond glucose reduction, including tumor inhibition and immune regulation. It enhanced the anti-tumor effects of programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1) inhibitors in serine/threonine kinase 11 (STK11) mutant non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) through an axis inhibition protein 1 (AXIN1)-dependent manner. However, the alterations of tumor metabolism and metabolites upon metformin administration remain unclear. Methods: We performed untargeted metabolomics using liquid chromatography (LC)-mass spectrometry (MS)/MS system and conducted cell experiments to verify the results of bioinformatics analysis. Results: According to the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway database, most… More > Graphic Abstract

WEIGANG XIU^1,#, XINGYU LIU^1,2,#, KAIXIN HU^1,2, QIN ZHANG^3,*, HUASHAN SHI^4,*

Oncology Research, Vol.32, No.10, pp. 1613-1621, 2024, DOI:10.32604/or.2024.047933 - 18 September 2024

Abstract Elevated serum cholesterol metabolism is associated with a reduced risk of lung cancer. Disrupted cholesterol metabolism is evident in both lung cancer patients and tumor cells. Inhibiting tumor cell cholesterol uptake or biosynthesis pathways, through the modulation of receptors and enzymes such as liver X receptor and sterol-regulatory element binding protein 2, effectively restrains lung tumor growth. Similarly, promoting cholesterol excretion yields comparable effects. Cholesterol metabolites, including oxysterols and isoprenoids, play a crucial role in regulating cholesterol metabolism within tumor cells, consequently impacting cancer progression. In lung cancer patients, both the cholesterol levels in the… More >

SHUBHRA CHANDRA^1,2, JENNIFER C. WILSON^1,2, DAVID GOOD³, MING Q. WEI^1,2,*

Oncology Research, Vol.32, No.10, pp. 1543-1564, 2024, DOI:10.32604/or.2024.043987 - 18 September 2024

Abstract The advent of RNA therapy, particularly through the development of mRNA cancer vaccines, has ushered in a new era in the field of oncology. This article provides a concise overview of the key principles, recent advancements, and potential implications of mRNA cancer vaccines as a groundbreaking modality in cancer treatment. mRNA cancer vaccines represent a revolutionary approach to combatting cancer by leveraging the body’s innate immune system. These vaccines are designed to deliver specific mRNA sequences encoding cancer-associated antigens, prompting the immune system to recognize and mount a targeted response against malignant cells. This personalized… More > Graphic Abstract

WEIGANG REN^1,#, JING LI^2,#, RUIJIANG ZENG^3,4, LIANG ZHU^3,4,*

BIOCELL, Vol.48, No.9, pp. 1323-1330, 2024, DOI:10.32604/biocell.2024.051747 - 04 September 2024

Abstract Background: Clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) stands as the most prevalent form of kidney cancer, accounting for a significant proportion of malignancies affecting the kidneys. ccRCC is well known as a type of tumour with immunogenicity. Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) aim to enhance the anticancer immune response in ccRCC by blocking programmed cell death 1 ligand 1/programmed death 1 (PD-L1/PD-1) pathways. In a previous study, we showed that RING finger protein 26 (RNF26) degrades chromobox 7 (CBX7) to activate the tumor necrosis factor (TNF) in ccRCC. Methods: We analyzed The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA)… More > Graphic Abstract

KERAN JIA¹, YANHAO ZHANG¹, MENGYU JIANG², MENGGE CUI², JIA WANG², JIAJIA ZHANG², HUIHAI ZHAO², MENGYAN LI², HUA WANG², QUANMING ZOU^1,#,*, HAO ZENG^1,#,*

BIOCELL, Vol.48, No.9, pp. 1355-1368, 2024, DOI:10.32604/biocell.2024.051383 - 04 September 2024

Abstract Objective: Candida albicans is a common fungal pathogen that triggers complex host defense mechanisms, including coordinated innate and adaptive immune responses, to neutralize invading fungi effectively. Exploring the immune microenvironment has the potential to inform the development of therapeutic strategies for fungal infections. Methods: The study analyzed individual immune cell profiles in peripheral blood mononuclear cells from Candida albicans-infected mice and healthy control mice using single-cell transcriptomics, fluorescence quantitative PCR, and Western blotting. We investigated intergroup differences in the dynamics of immune cell subpopulation infiltration, pathway enrichment, and differentiation during Candida albicans infection. Results: Our findings indicate that infiltration… More >