QIAO ZHOU^1,2,3, JIAN LIU^2,4, LING XIN⁴, YANYAN FANG^2,4, LEI WAN^2,4, DAN HUANG^2,4, JINCHEN GUO¹, JIANTING WEN^2,4

BIOCELL, Vol.47, No.4, pp. 761-772, 2023, DOI:10.32604/biocell.2023.026698

Abstract The pathophysiology of osteoarthritis (OA) is multifactorial, with the primary risk factors being obesity, age, environmental variables, and genetic predisposition. The available evidence suggests that genetic diversity does not adequately account for all clinical characteristics and heterogeneity of OA. Genetics has emerged as a nascent and crucial area of research in OA. The epigenetic module presents a potential link between genetic and environmental risk factors and the susceptibility and pathogenesis of OA. As a critical epigenetic alteration, DNA methylation has been shown to have an important role in the etiology of OA and is a viable biomarker for predicting disease… More >

Xiaoqian Bi¹, Pengfei Guan¹, Ping Li^2,*, Yuan Zhang¹, Xingong Li¹, Yingfeng Zuo^1,*

Journal of Renewable Materials, Vol.11, No.5, pp. 2399-2415, 2023, DOI:10.32604/jrm.2023.026656

Abstract Sodium silicate modification can improve the overall performance of wood. The modification process has a great influence on the properties of modified wood. In this study, a new method was introduced to analyze the wood modification process, and the properties of modified wood were studied. Poplar wood was modified with sodium silicate by vacuum-pressure impregnation. After screening using single-factor experiments, an orthogonal experiment was carried out with solution concentration, impregnation time, impregnation pressure, and the cycle times as experimental factors. The modified poplar with the best properties was selected by fuzzy mathematics and characterized by SEM, FT-IR, XRD and TG.… More > Graphic Abstract

P. Malathi^1,*, G. Charlyn Pushpa Latha²

Computer Systems Science and Engineering, Vol.46, No.2, pp. 1741-1758, 2023, DOI:10.32604/csse.2023.035185

Abstract Breast cancer (BCa) is a leading cause of death in the female population across the globe. Approximately 2.3 million new BCa cases are recorded globally in females, overtaking lung cancer as the most prevalent form of cancer to be diagnosed. However, the mortality rates for cervical and BCa are significantly higher in developing nations than in developed countries. Early diagnosis is the only option to minimize the risks of BCa. Deep learning (DL)-based models have performed well in image processing in recent years, particularly convolutional neural network (CNN). Hence, this research proposes a DL-based CNN model to diagnose BCa from… More >

Ziwei Liu¹, Xinwei Yue^1,*, Shuo Chen¹, Xuliang Liu², Yafei Wang¹, Wanwei Tang³

CMES-Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences, Vol.136, No.1, pp. 767-785, 2023, DOI:10.32604/cmes.2023.025300

Abstract Hardware impairments (HI) are always present in low-cost wireless devices. This paper investigates the outage behaviors of intelligent reflecting surface (IRS) assisted non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA) networks by taking into account the impact of HI. Specifically, we derive the approximate and asymptotic expressions of the outage probability for the IRS-NOMA-HI networks. Based on the asymptotic results, the diversity orders under perfect self-interference cancellation and imperfect self-interference cancellation scenarios are obtained to evaluate the performance of the considered network. In addition, the system throughput of IRS-NOMA-HI is discussed in delay-limited mode. The obtained results are provided to verify the accuracy of… More >

Yanqiu Chen, Xiaopeng Ji^*

CMES-Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences, Vol.136, No.1, pp. 531-553, 2023, DOI:10.32604/cmes.2023.024531

Abstract Non-orthogonal multiple access technology (NOMA), as a potentially promising technology in the 5G/B5G era, suffers from ubiquitous security threats due to the broadcast nature of the wireless medium. In this paper, we focus on artificial-signal-assisted and relay-assisted secure downlink transmission schemes against external eavesdropping in the context of physical layer security, respectively. To characterize the non-cooperative confrontation around the secrecy rate between the legitimate communication party and the eavesdropper, their interactions are modeled as a two-person zero-sum game. The existence of the Nash equilibrium of the proposed game models is proved, and the pure strategy Nash equilibrium and mixed-strategy Nash… More >

R. Ann Caroline Jenifer^*, M. A. Bhagyaveni, V. Saroj Malini, M. Shanmugapriya

Intelligent Automation & Soft Computing, Vol.36, No.2, pp. 2165-2176, 2023, DOI:10.32604/iasc.2023.031840

Abstract Fifth generation (5G) wireless networks must meet the needs of emerging technologies like the Internet of Things (IoT), Vehicle-to-everything (V2X), Video on Demand (VoD) services, Device to Device communication (D2D) and many other bandwidth-hungry multimedia applications that connect a huge number of devices. 5G wireless networks demand better bandwidth efficiency, high data rates, low latency, and reduced spectral leakage. To meet these requirements, a suitable 5G waveform must be designed. In this work, a waveform namely Shaped Offset Quadrature Phase Shift Keying based Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (SOQPSK-OFDM) is proposed for 5G to provide bandwidth efficiency, reduced spectral leakage, and… More >

Xianli Gong¹, Chongwen Huang^2,3,4, Xinwei Yue⁵, Zhaohui Yang^2,4,6, Feng Liu^1,*

CMES-Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences, Vol.135, No.3, pp. 2531-2555, 2023, DOI:10.32604/cmes.2023.024940

Abstract In this paper, we consider a downlink non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA) network assisted by two reconfigurable intelligent surfaces (RISs) over Rician fading channels, in which each user communicates with the base station by the virtue of a RIS to enhance the reliability of the received signal. To evaluate the system performance of our proposed RIS-NOMA network, we first derive the exact and asymptotic expressions for the outage probability and ergodic rate of two users. Then, we derive the exact and asymptotic upper bound expressions for the ergodic rate of the nearby user. Based on asymptotic analytical results, the diversity orders… More >

Aravindan Madhavan^1,*, Yamuna Govindarajan¹, Neelakandan Rajamohan²

Computer Systems Science and Engineering, Vol.45, No.2, pp. 2049-2058, 2023, DOI:10.32604/csse.2023.031566

Abstract In an underdetermined system, compressive sensing can be used to recover the support vector. Greedy algorithms will recover the support vector indices in an iterative manner. Generalized Orthogonal Matching Pursuit (GOMP) is the generalized form of the Orthogonal Matching Pursuit (OMP) algorithm where a number of indices selected per iteration will be greater than or equal to 1. To recover the support vector of unknown signal ‘x’ from the compressed measurements, the restricted isometric property should be satisfied as a sufficient condition. Finding the restricted isometric constant is a non-deterministic polynomial-time hardness problem due to that the coherence of the… More >

A. Jameer Basha^1,*, M. Ramya Devi², S. Lokesh¹, P. Sivaranjani³, D. Mansoor Hussain⁴, Venkat Padhy⁵

Computer Systems Science and Engineering, Vol.45, No.2, pp. 1483-1493, 2023, DOI:10.32604/csse.2023.021540

Abstract Data transmission through a wireless network has faced various signal problems in the past decades. The orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) technique is widely accepted in multiple data transfer patterns at various frequency bands. A recent wireless communication network uses OFDM in long-term evolution (LTE) and 5G, among others. The main problem faced by 5G wireless OFDM is distortion of transmission signals in the network. This transmission loss is called peak-to-average power ratio (PAPR). This wireless signal distortion can be reduced using various techniques. This study uses machine learning-based algorithm to solve the problem of PAPR in 5G wireless communication.… More >

Fahad R. Albogamy¹, M. A. Aiyashi², Fazirul Hisyam Hashim³, Imran Khan⁴, Bong Jun Choi^5,*

CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.74, No.2, pp. 3249-3261, 2023, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2023.031673

Abstract The non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA) method is a novel multiple access technique that aims to increase spectral efficiency (SE) and accommodate enormous user accesses. Multi-user signals are superimposed and transmitted in the power domain at the transmitting end by actively implementing controllable interference information, and multi-user detection algorithms, such as successive interference cancellation (SIC), are performed at the receiving end to demodulate the necessary user signals. Although its basic signal waveform, like LTE baseline, could be based on orthogonal frequency division multiple access (OFDMA) or discrete Fourier transform (DFT)-spread OFDM, NOMA superimposes numerous users in the power domain. In contrast… More >