Marija Macenić, Tomislav Kurevija^*, Tin Herbst

Energy Engineering, Vol.123, No.1, 2026, DOI:10.32604/ee.2025.067067 - 27 December 2025

Abstract The increased interest in geothermal energy is evident, along with the exploitation of traditional hydrothermal systems, in the growing research and projects developing around the reuse of already-drilled oil, gas, and exploration wells. The Republic of Croatia has around 4000 wells, however, due to a long period since most of these wells were drilled and completed, there is uncertainty about how many are available for retrofitting as deep-borehole heat exchangers. Nevertheless, as hydrocarbon production decreases, it is expected that the number of wells available for the revitalization and exploitation of geothermal energy will increase. The… More >

Tahira Khalil¹, Sadeeq Jan^2,*, Rania M. Ghoniem³, Muhammad Imran Khan Khalil¹

CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.86, No.2, pp. 1-20, 2026, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2025.072655 - 09 December 2025

Abstract The contemporary era is characterized by rapid technological advancements, particularly in the fields of communication and multimedia. Digital media has significantly influenced the daily lives of individuals of all ages. One of the emerging domains in digital media is the creation of cartoons and animated videos. The accessibility of the internet has led to a surge in the consumption of cartoons among young children, presenting challenges in monitoring and controlling the content they view. The prevalence of cartoon videos containing potentially violent scenes has raised concerns regarding their impact, especially on young and impressionable minds.… More >

Zhonghao Wang^1,2, Xin Liu^1,2,*, Changhua Yue³, Haiwen Yuan⁴

CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.86, No.2, pp. 1-23, 2026, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2025.071813 - 09 December 2025

Abstract To address critical challenges in nighttime ship detection—high small-target missed detection (over 20%), insufficient lightweighting, and limited generalization due to scarce, low-quality datasets—this study proposes a systematic solution. First, a high-quality Night-Ships dataset is constructed via CycleGAN-based day-night transfer, combined with a dual-threshold cleaning strategy (Laplacian variance sharpness filtering and brightness-color deviation screening). Second, a Cross-stage Lightweight Fusion-You Only Look Once version 8 (CLF-YOLOv8) is proposed with key improvements: the Neck network is reconstructed by replacing Cross Stage Partial (CSP) structure with the Cross Stage Partial Multi-Scale Convolutional Block (CSP-MSCB) and integrating Bidirectional Feature Pyramid More >

Taehoon Kim, Sehun Lee, Junho Ahn^*

CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.86, No.2, pp. 1-30, 2026, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2025.071597 - 09 December 2025

Abstract As large, room-scale environments become increasingly common, their spatial complexity increases due to variable, unstructured elements. Consequently, demand for room-scale service robots is surging, yet most technologies remain corridor-centric, and autonomous navigation in expansive rooms becomes unstable even around static obstacles. Existing approaches face several structural limitations. These include the labor-intensive requirement for large-scale object annotation and continual retraining, as well as the vulnerability of vanishing point or line-based methods when geometric cues are insufficient. In addition, the high cost of LiDAR and 3D perception errors caused by limited wall cues and dense interior clutter… More >

Bing Zhang, Wenqi Shi^*

CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.86, No.2, pp. 1-19, 2026, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2025.067470 - 09 December 2025

Abstract To address the challenge of low survival rates and limited data collection efficiency in current virtual probe deployments, which results from anomaly detection mechanisms in location-based service (LBS) applications, this paper proposes a novel virtual probe deployment method based on user behavioral feature analysis. The core idea is to circumvent LBS anomaly detection by mimicking real-user behavior patterns. First, we design an automated data extraction algorithm that recognizes graphical user interface (GUI) elements to collect spatio-temporal behavior data. Then, by analyzing the automatically collected user data, we identify normal users’ spatio-temporal patterns and extract their… More >

Nur Syaiful Afrizal¹, Khairul Adib Yusof^1,2,*, Lokman Hakim Muhamad¹, Nurul Shazana Abdul Hamid^2,3, Mardina Abdullah^2,4, Mohd Amiruddin Abd Rahman¹, Syamsiah Mashohor⁵, Masashi Hayakawa^6,7

CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.86, No.2, pp. 1-16, 2026, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2025.066421 - 09 December 2025

Abstract Detecting geomagnetic anomalies preceding earthquakes is a challenging yet promising area of research that has gained increasing attention in recent years. This study introduces a novel reconstruction-based modeling approach enhanced by negative learning, employing a Bidirectional Long Short-Term Memory (BiLSTM) network explicitly trained to accurately reconstruct non-seismic geomagnetic signals while intentionally amplifying reconstruction errors for seismic signals. By penalizing the model for accurately reconstructing seismic anomalies, the negative learning approach effectively magnifies the differences between normal and anomalous data. This strategic differentiation enhances the sensitivity of the BiLSTM network, enabling improved detection of subtle geomagnetic More >

Nan Qin¹, Shaofeng Ning^2,*, Zihan Zhao^1,2, Yu Luo¹, Bo Chen¹, Xiaoxu Liu¹, Yongming He²

FDMP-Fluid Dynamics & Materials Processing, Vol.21, No.12, pp. 2997-3009, 2025, DOI:10.32604/fdmp.2025.074456 - 31 December 2025

Abstract Balancing CO₂ emission reduction with enhanced gas recovery in carbonate reservoirs remains a key challenge in subsurface energy engineering. This study focuses on the Maokou Formation gas reservoir in the Wolonghe Gas Field, Sichuan Basin, and employs a mechanistic model integrated with numerical simulations that couple CO₂–water–rock geochemical interactions to systematically explore the principal engineering and chemical factors governing Carbon Capture, Utilization, and Storage–Enhanced Gas Recovery (CCUS–EGR). The analysis reveals that both the injection–production ratio and gas injection rate exhibit optimal ranges. Maximum gas output under single-parameter variation occurs at an injection–production ratio of 0.7 and… More >

Mussad Mohammed Al-Zahrani^*, Taher Maatallah

Frontiers in Heat and Mass Transfer, Vol.23, No.6, pp. 1883-1905, 2025, DOI:10.32604/fhmt.2025.074656 - 31 December 2025

Abstract Conventional concentrator photovoltaics (CPV) face a persistent trade-off between high efficiency and high cost, driven by expensive multi-junction solar cells and complex active cooling systems. This study presents a computational investigation of a novel Multi-Focal Pyramidal Array (MFPA)-based CPV system designed to overcome this limitation. The MFPA architecture employs a geometrically optimized pyramidal concentrator to distribute concentrated sunlight onto strategically placed, low-cost monocrystalline silicon cells, enabling high efficiency energy capture while passively managing thermal loads. Coupled optical thermal electrical simulations in COMSOL Multiphysics demonstrate a geometric concentration ratio of 120×, with system temperatures maintained below More >

Yongwei Li¹, Kaituo Jiao^2,*, Dongxu Han³, Bo Yu², Xiaoze Du¹

CMES-Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences, Vol.145, No.3, pp. 3453-3479, 2025, DOI:10.32604/cmes.2025.073239 - 23 December 2025

Abstract The permeability contrast between the Hot Dry Rock (HDR) reservoir and the surrounding formations is a key factor governing fluid loss in Enhanced Geothermal Systems (EGS). This study thus aims to investigate its impact on system performance under varying operating conditions, and a three-dimensional thermo–hydro–mechanical (THM) coupled EGS model is developed based on the geological parameters of the GR1 well in the Qiabuqia region. The coupled processes of fluid flow, heat transfer, and geomechanics within the reservoir under varying reservoir–surrounding rock permeability contrasts, as well as the flow and heat exchange along the wellbores from… More >

Lijuan Zhang¹, Yu Zhou², Jiawei Tian^3,*, Fupei Guo⁴, Xiang Zhang⁴, Bo Yang^4,*

CMES-Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences, Vol.145, No.3, pp. 3949-3968, 2025, DOI:10.32604/cmes.2025.071869 - 23 December 2025

Abstract In endoscopic surgery, the limited field of view and the nonlinear deformation of organs caused by patient movement and respiration significantly complicate the modeling and accurate tracking of soft tissue surfaces from endoscopic image sequences. To address these challenges, we propose a novel Hybrid Triangular Matching (HTM) modeling framework for soft tissue feature tracking. Specifically, HTM constructs a geometric model of the detected blobs on the soft tissue surface by applying the Watershed algorithm for blob detection and integrating the Delaunay triangulation with a newly designed triangle search segmentation algorithm. By leveraging barycentric coordinate theory, More >