Trong Thua Huynh^*, Hoang Thanh Nguyen, Du Thang Phu

CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.81, No.2, pp. 2281-2298, 2024, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2024.057954 - 18 November 2024

Abstract In recent years, early detection and warning of fires have posed a significant challenge to environmental protection and human safety. Deep learning models such as Faster R-CNN (Faster Region based Convolutional Neural Network), YOLO (You Only Look Once), and their variants have demonstrated superiority in quickly detecting objects from images and videos, creating new opportunities to enhance automatic and efficient fire detection. The YOLO model, especially newer versions like YOLOv10, stands out for its fast processing capability, making it suitable for low-latency applications. However, when applied to real-world datasets, the accuracy of fire prediction is… More >

Yeye Liu¹, Leilei Zhang^1,*, Ruonan Zhang¹, Siqi Shao¹, Lina Sun¹, Xinyi Wan¹, Tiantian Wang¹

The International Conference on Computational & Experimental Engineering and Sciences, Vol.30, No.2, pp. 1-1, 2024, DOI:10.32604/icces.2024.012576

Abstract Superior thermal insulating and fire-retardant ceramic membranes are urgently demanded in the aerospace, construction and chemical engineering industries. However, the generic characteristics of ceramic membranes, such as brittleness, structural collapse and crystallization-induced pulverization behavior, present a great plague to their practical applications. Herein, we report a highly flexible, mechanically stable, fire retardant and high-temperature-resistant ceramic membrane based on the interlocked Si₃N₄ nanowires formed by the precursor pyrolysis method. The Si₃N₄ nanowires membrane (SNM) has excellent high temperature resistance under alcohol lamp and butane spray lance. The thermal insulation with a thermal conductivity as low as 0.056… More >

Lilik Astari^1,2,*, Benoit Belleville¹, Kenji Umemura³, Alex Filkov⁴, Barbara Ozarska¹, Robert H. Crawford⁵

Journal of Renewable Materials, Vol.12, No.10, pp. 1729-1756, 2024, DOI:10.32604/jrm.2024.054786 - 23 October 2024

Abstract The demand for particleboard is increasing along with economic and population growth. However, two major barriers to the manufacture of particleboard are a shortage of raw materials (woodchips) and the emission of formaldehyde from conventional adhesives. Agricultural by-products such as corn stalks contain an abundance of renewable lignocellulosic fiber. This study evaluates the effect of citric acid as a natural adhesive and fire retardant addition on the physical, mechanical, and fire retardancy properties of particleboards fabricated from corn stalks. A cost-effective and inorganic salt, calcium carbonate, was tested to enhance the fire retardancy. Ammonium dihydrogen… More > Graphic Abstract

Arkan Kh Shakr Sabonchi^*

Journal on Artificial Intelligence, Vol.6, pp. 261-282, 2024, DOI:10.32604/jai.2024.056552 - 18 October 2024

Abstract The phenomenal increase in device connectivity is making the signaling and resource-based operational integrity of networks at the node level increasingly prone to distributed denial of service (DDoS) attacks. The current growth rate in the number of Internet of Things (IoT) attacks executed at the time of exchanging data over the Internet represents massive security hazards to IoT devices. In this regard, the present study proposes a new hybrid optimization technique that combines the firefly optimization algorithm with global searches for use in attack detection on IoT devices. We preprocessed two datasets, CICIDS and UNSW-NB15,… More >

Abdelwahed Motwakel^1,*, Badriyya B. Al-onazi², Jaber S. Alzahrani³, Ayman Yafoz⁴, Mahmoud Othman⁵, Abu Sarwar Zamani¹, Ishfaq Yaseen¹, Amgad Atta Abdelmageed¹

Computer Systems Science and Engineering, Vol.48, No.5, pp. 1387-1403, 2024, DOI:10.32604/csse.2023.033902 - 13 September 2024

Abstract Handwritten character recognition becomes one of the challenging research matters. More studies were presented for recognizing letters of various languages. The availability of Arabic handwritten characters databases was confined. Almost a quarter of a billion people worldwide write and speak Arabic. More historical books and files indicate a vital data set for many Arab nations written in Arabic. Recently, Arabic handwritten character recognition (AHCR) has grabbed the attention and has become a difficult topic for pattern recognition and computer vision (CV). Therefore, this study develops fireworks optimization with the deep learning-based AHCR (FWODL-AHCR) technique. The… More >

Zhisheng Xu¹, Juan Wang¹, Zihan Yu¹, Jiaming Zhao^2,*

Frontiers in Heat and Mass Transfer, Vol.22, No.4, pp. 1129-1151, 2024, DOI:10.32604/fhmt.2024.053695 - 30 August 2024

Abstract Called island-crossing tunnels, some specific underwater tunneling projects face constraints imposed by geological and water conditions, necessitating their passage through artificial or natural islands. The longitudinal of the tunnel follows a W-shaped distribution. The congestion situation does not allow for immediate longitudinal smoke exhaust at the early stage of the fire, and the natural spread of smoke is complicated. An exhaustive investigation was carried out to analyze the smoke behaviors during a fire incident, employing the fire dynamics software FDS, considering five slopes and four fire locations. The simulation results reveal that the layer of… More >

Liang Yi, Zhiqiang Lei, Zhisheng Xu, Yaolong Yin, Houlin Ying^*

Frontiers in Heat and Mass Transfer, Vol.22, No.4, pp. 977-996, 2024, DOI:10.32604/fhmt.2024.053688 - 30 August 2024

Abstract This paper explores the smoke flow characteristics in tunnel fires, giving a particular emphasis on the effects of different distances between the smoke outlets and the fire source. It examines the smoke behavior under different conditions, including variations in heat release rates, exhaust volumetric flow rates, spacing between smoke outlets, and the longitudinal fire source positions. Results indicate that altering the fire source positions and the smoke outlets in the tunnel leads to variations in the properties of smoke flow both the fire source upstream and downstream; the distance between fire source and smoke outlet… More > Graphic Abstract

Apri Heri Iswanto^1,*, Harisyah Manurung¹, Asma Sohail², Lee Seng Hua^3,9, Petar Antov⁴, Deded Sarip Nawawi⁵, Sarah Latifah⁵, Dewi Shafa Kayla^5,6, Sukma Surya Kusumah⁶, Muhammad Adly Rahandi Lubis⁶, Linda Makovická Osvaldová⁷, Mohd. Hazwan Hussin⁸, Rangabhashiyam Selvasembian⁹, Lum Wei Chen¹⁰, Puji Rahmawati Nurcahyani⁶, Nam Hun Kim¹¹, Widya Fatriasari⁶

Journal of Renewable Materials, Vol.12, No.7, pp. 1311-1341, 2024, DOI:10.32604/jrm.2024.052172 - 21 August 2024

Abstract Lignin, lignosulfonate, and synthesized phosphorylated lignosulfonate were introduced as green fillers in citric acid-sucrose adhesives for bonding particleboard fabricated from areca leaf sheath (ALS). The characteristics of particleboards were compared to that of ultralow emitting formaldehyde (ULEF-UF). The fillers derived from Eucalyptus spp. kraft-lignin were added for flame retardancy enhancement. 10% of each lignin and modified lignin was added into the ULEF-UF and citric acid-sucrose bonded particleboards. Analyses applied to particleboards included thermal characteristics, X-ray diffraction analysis (XRD), morphological properties, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), as well as physical, mechanical, and fire resistance characteristics of the… More > Graphic Abstract

Pirapat Arunyanart, Nithitorn Kongkaew, Supattarachai Sudsawat^*

CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.80, No.2, pp. 3379-3403, 2024, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2024.054337 - 15 August 2024

Abstract This research introduces a novel approach to enhancing bucket elevator design and operation through the integration of discrete element method (DEM) simulation, design of experiments (DOE), and metaheuristic optimization algorithms. Specifically, the study employs the firefly algorithm (FA), a metaheuristic optimization technique, to optimize bucket elevator parameters for maximizing transport mass and mass flow rate discharge of granular materials under specified working conditions. The experimental methodology involves several key steps: screening experiments to identify significant factors affecting bucket elevator operation, central composite design (CCD) experiments to further explore these factors, and response surface methodology (RSM)… More >

Punam Gulande^*, R. N. Awale

Computer Systems Science and Engineering, Vol.48, No.4, pp. 937-952, 2024, DOI:10.32604/csse.2024.046123 - 17 July 2024

Abstract The study of gene expression has emerged as a vital tool for cancer diagnosis and prognosis, particularly with the advent of microarray technology that enables the measurement of thousands of genes in a single sample. While this wealth of data offers invaluable insights for disease management, the high dimensionality poses a challenge for multiclass classification. In this context, selecting relevant features becomes essential to enhance classification model performance. Swarm Intelligence algorithms have proven effective in addressing this challenge, owing to their ability to navigate intricate, non-linear feature-class relationships. This paper introduces a novel hybrid swarm More >