Kenan W.D. Stern1,2, Kimberlee Gauvreau1,2, Sitaram Emani3,4, Tal Geva1,2
Congenital Heart Disease, Vol.12, No.3, pp. 350-356, 2017, DOI:10.1111/chd.12450
Abstract Objective: Stage 1 Norwood palliation is one of the highest risk procedures in congenital cardiac
surgery. Patients with superior technical performance scores have more favorable outcomes. Intraoperative epicardial echocardiography may allow the surgeon to address residual lesions prior to
leaving the operating room, resulting in improved technical performance. The ability of intraoperative epicardial echocardiography to visualize the relevant anatomy and its association with
outcomes is not known.
Design: A standardized intraoperative epicardial echocardiography protocol was developed and
performed at the conclusion of Stage 1 Norwood palliation. Data pertaining to visualization of relevant anatomy, and comparison of intraoperative… More >
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