JIANYUN XIE^1,*, LINJIE LU¹, JIALI ZHANG¹, QIRUI LI², WEIDONG CHEN^1,*

Oncology Research, Vol.32, No.3, pp. 529-544, 2024, DOI:10.32604/or.2023.031511 - 06 February 2024

Abstract Objective: Circular ribose nucleic acids (circRNAs) are implicated in tumor progression and drug resistance of prostate cancer (PCa). The current work explored the function of circ_0005203 (circTHSD4) in the malignancy and docetaxel (DTX) resistance of PCa. Methods: circTHSD4 expression within PCa as well as matched non-carcinoma samples was measured through real-time reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR). In addition, a subcellular fraction assay was conducted to determine circTHSD4 subcellular localization within PCa cells. In addition, we performed a Western blot (WB) assay to detect high-mobility-group A2 protein (HMGA2) levels. Besides, functional associations of two molecules… More >

SINEM GÖKÇE KÜTÜK¹, MUSTAFA NAZIROĞLU^2,3,*

BIOCELL, Vol.45, No.1, pp. 177-188, 2021, DOI:10.32604/biocell.2021.013531 - 26 January 2021

Abstract A protective action of melatonin (MELAT) on docetaxel (DCT)-induced inflammation, apoptosis, and reactive free oxygen radical (fROS) generation values via blocking of TRPM2 calcium-permeable channel was investigated in different cells except for laryngo-tracheal epithelial (LT-Epi) cells. Hence, the protective action of MELAT on DCT-induced oxidative toxicity and inflammation in LT-Epi tissue and cells of mice were investigated in the current study. MELAT treatment ameliorated DCTinduced mitochondrial ROS in the LT-Epi cells by reducing the generation of fROS (cytosolic and mitochondrial), lipid peroxidation, and depolarization of the mitochondrial membrane, while increasing reduced glutathione (GSH), GSH peroxidase,… More >

SARA SOLTANIAN¹, HELIA RIAHIRAD¹, ATHAREH PABARJA¹, MOHAMMAD REZA KARIMZADEH², KOLSOUM SAEIDI^3,4

BIOCELL, Vol.41, No.2-3, pp. 33-40, 2017, DOI:10.32604/biocell.2017.41.033

Abstract Cancer stem cells (CSCs) are a small subpopulation of cancer cells whose resistance to chemotherapy and radiotherapy plays a pivotal role in treatment failure, tumor recurrence and metastasis. Today, the ability of many phytochemicals in targeting of CSCs has been identified. Kaempferol is a plant phytoestrogen that was recognized as a useful agent for targeting cancer cells by apoptosis induction, cell cycle arrest and inhibition of angiogenesis, migration, and invasion of cancer cells. In this study, we compared the effect of docetaxel as a common breast cancer chemotherapy drug and kaempferol on MCF-7 breast CSCs.… More >

Zhi-jian Meng^*, Ke Tao^†

Oncology Research, Vol.23, No.1-2, pp. 35-41, 2015, DOI:10.3727/096504015X14452563486057

Abstract Reports show that the stathmin gene may have a close relationship with tumor chemotherapeutic sensitivity. However, the effect of stathmin-1 on the chemosensitivity of gastric cancer to docetaxel has not been clearly determined. siRNA targeting stathmin-1 was introduced. The cell growth inhibition, expression of associated proteins, cell cycle, and apoptosis were evaluated by MTT, Western blot, and flow cytometric assays, respectively. The influence of silencing stathmin-1 was detected in situ and in vivo. SGC7901/docetaxel cells are the drug-resistant cells. After silencing stathmin-1, the resistance index (RI) reduced to 3.41, the expressions of STMN-1, MDR1, and More >

Robert Dreicer

Canadian Journal of Urology, Vol.21, Suppl.2, pp. 93-97, 2014

Abstract instruction: Introduction: Rapid progress has recently been made in understanding the biology of advanced prostate cancer. This has translated into the development of a number of novel agents to treat metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC).
instruction: Materials and methods: The relevant literature was retrieved from a search of MEDLINE with appropriate keywords.
instruction: Results: Therapeutic approaches to mCRPC include chemotherapy, hormonal manipulation, immunotherapy and radioisotope therapy. Docetaxel and cabazitaxel are cytotoxic agents which have demonstrated a modest impact on survival. Hormonal manipulation with abiraterone and enzalutamide have also been reported to be beneficial in mCRPC. The radioisotope radium-223 More >

Daniel P. Petrylak

Canadian Journal of Urology, Vol.21, Suppl.2, pp. 77-83, 2014

Abstract instruction: Introduction: Chemotherapy, once thought to be toxic and ineffective in men with castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC), has a significant impact on survival and quality-of-life in these patients. This article summarizes recent studies performed with two Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved agents which have improved survival in men with CRPC, docetaxel and cabazitaxel.
instruction: Materials and methods: The literature on cytotoxic chemotherapy for castration-resistant prostate cancer was reviewed. The individual efficacy, mechanisms of chemotherapeutic action, and appropriate disease states of administration were identified. Recent clinical trial results of chemotherapy combined with targeted agents was also reviewed.
instruction:… More >

Jean Hoffman-Censits, Wm. Kevin Kelly

Canadian Journal of Urology, Vol.21, Suppl.2, pp. 64-69, 2014

Abstract instruction: Introduction: We summarize the development, definitive trials, and practical use of enzalutamide for practicing urologists and medical oncologists. The care paradigm for patients with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC) is a changing landscape, with the ongoing discovery of drivers of cancer progression yielding actionable targets for drug development. Since 2010, sipuleucel-T, cabazitaxel, abiraterone with prednisone, radium-223 and enzalutamide have been Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved based upon improvement in overall survival in men with mCRPC.
instruction: Materials and methods: A MEDLINE search for "enzalutamide or MDV3100" yielded 258 results. Prospective trials were reviewed. Abstracts from… More >

Leonard G. Gomella¹, Daniel P. Petrylak², Bobby Shayegan³

Canadian Journal of Urology, Vol.21, Suppl.2, pp. 1-6, 2014

Abstract instruction: Introduction: Newer approaches to the management of advanced prostate cancer have rapidly evolved. While basic androgen deprivation remains as the first line in newly diagnosed hormone naïve metastatic prostate cancer, the agents used and strategies followed have undergone significant changes. Numerous new agents such as sipuleucel-T, abiraterone, enzalutamide, cabazitaxel and radium-223 have all been approved since 2010 to treat metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC). New imaging techniques to detect advanced disease such as F-18 PET, 11C-choline PET and other modalities are becoming available. The concepts of "bone health" and the management of side effects related… More >

Bob Djavan¹, Kathleen Nelson², Amir Kazzazi¹, Aron Bruhn¹, Helen Sadri¹, Alejandro Gomez-Pinillos³, Anna C. Ferrari³

Canadian Journal of Urology, Vol.18, No.5, pp. 5865-5874, 2011

Abstract Prostate cancer is a complex disease, and treatment selection is informed by numerous variables depending on the stage of disease. Moreover, patient expectations and the impact of treatment-related adverse events may infl uence treatment choices. Available treatment options over the course of the disease have included surgery, radiation therapy, hormonal therapy, immunotherapy, and chemotherapy. This complexity requires an understanding of a wide range of treatment options and the support of a multidisciplinary team that involves urologists, radiation oncologists, diagnostic radiologists, pathologists, and medical oncologists. Collaboration among these physicians allows for a comprehensive treatment strategy that… More >

Fred Saad, Abdulhadi Al Dejmah, Paul Perrotte, Michael McCormack, François Bénard, Luc Valiquette, Pierre I. Karakiewicz

Canadian Journal of Urology, Vol.13, Suppl.2, pp. 52-56, 2006

Abstract Over 60 years ago, Huggins and Hodges discovered androgen deprivation as an effective first-line therapy for metastatic prostate cancer. This leads to significant cancer control but in almost all men prostate cancer ultimately progresses to a hormone-refractory (HRPC) state resulting in significant morbidity and eventual death. In 2004, two landmark studies using docetaxel based chemotherapy demonstrated, for the first time, a survival advantage in HRPC. This has set a new standard of care for this disease. In addition, treatment with the bisphosphonate zoledronic acid has been shown to significantly reduce bone complications in metastatic HRPC. More >