Meena N. Alnuaimi¹, Nourah S. Alqahtani¹, Mohammed Gollapalli², Atta Rahman^1,*, Alaa Alahmadi¹, Aghiad Bakry¹, Mustafa Youldash³, Dania Alkhulaifi¹, Rashad Ahmed⁴, Hesham Al-Musallam¹

CMES-Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences, Vol.141, No.3, pp. 2609-2623, 2024, DOI:10.32604/cmes.2024.055303 - 31 October 2024

Abstract Human beings are often affected by a wide range of skin diseases, which can be attributed to genetic factors and environmental influences, such as exposure to sunshine with ultraviolet (UV) rays. If left untreated, these diseases can have severe consequences and spread, especially among children. Early detection is crucial to prevent their spread and improve a patient’s chances of recovery. Dermatology, the branch of medicine dealing with skin diseases, faces challenges in accurately diagnosing these conditions due to the difficulty in identifying and distinguishing between different diseases based on their appearance, type of skin, and… More >

Abbas Ali Hassan, Fardin Abdali-Mohammadi^*

CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.81, No.1, pp. 971-983, 2024, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2024.053817 - 15 October 2024

Abstract From a medical perspective, the 12 leads of the heart in an electrocardiogram (ECG) signal have functional dependencies with each other. Therefore, all these leads report different aspects of an arrhythmia. Their differences lie in the level of highlighting and displaying information about that arrhythmia. For example, although all leads show traces of atrial excitation, this function is more evident in lead II than in any other lead. In this article, a new model was proposed using ECG functional and structural dependencies between heart leads. In the prescreening stage, the ECG signals are segmented from… More >

VINíCIUS AUGUSTO SIMãO¹, LUIZ GUSTAVO DE ALMEIDA CHUFFA¹, LEóN FERDER², FELIPE INSERRA², WALTER MANUCHA^3,4,*

BIOCELL, Vol.48, No.10, pp. 1429-1442, 2024, DOI:10.32604/biocell.2024.053478 - 02 October 2024

Abstract The interplay between mitochondria, epigenetics, and the microbiota is intricately linked to both health and disease. Within our cells, a complex molecular dance occurs, where these components intertwine in a mesmerizing ballet that plays a decisive role in our health. Mitochondria, beyond being energy powerhouses, modulate nuclear gene expression through messengers like reactive oxidative stress (ROS) and calcium. Epigenetics, acting as the molecular conductor, regulates the expression of both nuclear and mitochondrial genes through modifications like DNA methylation. The intestinal microbiota itself produces short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) that influence mitochondrial activity. SCFA-induced epigenetic modifications, like… More >

MIN LIU^1,*, XIA LI², JUN LIU¹, YU LIU¹

BIOCELL, Vol.48, No.10, pp. 1475-1487, 2024, DOI:10.32604/biocell.2024.053227 - 02 October 2024

Abstract Background: Alveolar macrophage pyroptosis exacerbates inflammatory lung diseases, and tanshinone IIA is known for its anti-inflammatory properties. Thus, understanding how tanshinone IIA affects alveolar macrophage pyroptosis is essential. Methods: NR8383 cells were exposed to lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and adenosine triphosphate (ATP). We assessed cell viability, pyroptosis, and the expression of triggering receptors expressed on myeloid cells 2 (TREM2), p-β-catenin, β-catenin, and pyroptosis-related factors. We also examined the interaction between tanshinone IIA and TREM2. Results: Co-stimulation with LPS and ATP significantly reduced NR8383 cell viability, increased pyroptosis, and upregulated pyroptosis-associated factors. Treatment with tanshinone IIA mitigated these effects.… More >

JIAJUN HUANG^1,#, WEI WANG^1,#, WENTONG LIN², HENGSEN CAI³, ZHIHAN ZHU¹, WAQAS AHMED⁴, QIANKUN ZHANG¹, JIALE LIU¹, YIFAN ZHANG¹, RONG LI¹, ZHINUO LI¹, AHSAN ALI KHAN⁵, DENG LU³, YONG HU⁶, LUKUI CHEN^1,*

BIOCELL, Vol.48, No.10, pp. 1405-1418, 2024, DOI:10.32604/biocell.2024.053148 - 02 October 2024

Abstract Degeneration and death of nerve cells are inevitable with the occurrence and progression of nervous system disorders. Researchers transplanted neural stem cells into relevant areas, trying to solve the difficulty of neural cell loss by differentiating neural stem cells into various nerve cells. In recent years, however, studies have shown that transplanted neural stem cells help neural tissues regenerate and return to normal through paracrine action rather than just replacing cells. Exosomes are essential paracrine mediators, which can participate in cell communication through substance transmission. In this regard, this review mainly discusses the current research More >

Deema Mohammed Alsekait¹, Ahmed Younes Shdefat², Ayman Nabil³, Asif Nawaz^4,*, Muhammad Rizwan Rashid Rana⁴, Zohair Ahmed⁵, Hanaa Fathi⁶, Diaa Salama AbdElminaam^6,7,8

CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.80, No.3, pp. 3967-3990, 2024, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2024.054591 - 12 September 2024

Abstract Heart disease remains a leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide, highlighting the need for improved diagnostic methods. Traditional diagnostics face limitations such as reliance on single-modality data and vulnerability to apparatus faults, which can reduce accuracy, especially with poor-quality images. Additionally, these methods often require significant time and expertise, making them less accessible in resource-limited settings. Emerging technologies like artificial intelligence and machine learning offer promising solutions by integrating multi-modality data and enhancing diagnostic precision, ultimately improving patient outcomes and reducing healthcare costs. This study introduces Heart-Net, a multi-modal deep learning framework designed to… More >

TINGTING LIU^#, DINGYOU GUO^#, JIANSHE WEI^*

BIOCELL, Vol.48, No.8, pp. 1155-1179, 2024, DOI:10.32604/biocell.2024.051518 - 02 August 2024

Abstract In China, Parkinson’s disease (PD) is the second most prevalent central nervous system (CNS) degenerative illness affecting middle-aged and older persons. Movement disorders including resting tremor, bradykinesia, myotonia, postural instability, and gait instability are the predominant clinical symptoms. The two main types of PD are sporadic and familial, with sporadic PD being the more prevalent of the two. The environment, genetics, mitochondrial dysfunction, oxidative stress, inflammation, protein aggregation and misfolding, loss of trophic factors, cell death, and gut microbiota may all have a role in the etiology of PD. PD is inversely connected with other More >

POOJA YADAV, NAR SINGH CHAUHAN^*

BIOCELL, Vol.48, No.8, pp. 1127-1143, 2024, DOI:10.32604/biocell.2024.051318 - 02 August 2024

Abstract A diverse array of microbes in and on the human body constitute the microbiota. These micro-residents continuously interact with the human host through the language of metabolites to dictate the host’s physiology in health and illnesses. Any biotic and abiotic component ensuring a balanced host-microbiota interaction are potential microbiome therapeutic agents to overcome human diseases. Plant metabolites are continually being used to treat various illnesses. These metabolites target the host’s metabolic machinery and host-gut microbiota interactions to overcome human diseases. Despite the paramount therapeutic significance of the factors affecting host-microbiota interactions, a comprehensive overview of More > Graphic Abstract

Youshen Jiang¹, Tongqing Zhou¹, Zhilin Wang², Zhiping Cai^1,*, Qiang Ni³

Intelligent Automation & Soft Computing, Vol.39, No.3, pp. 585-597, 2024, DOI:10.32604/iasc.2023.030221 - 11 July 2024

Abstract Due to the increasingly severe challenges brought by various epidemic diseases, people urgently need intelligent outbreak trend prediction. Predicting disease onset is very important to assist decision-making. Most of the existing work fails to make full use of the temporal and spatial characteristics of epidemics, and also relies on multivariate data for prediction. In this paper, we propose a Multi-Scale Location Attention Graph Neural Networks (MSLAGNN) based on a large number of Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) patient electronic medical records research sequence source data sets. In order to understand the geography and… More >

Rui Zhang^1,2, Tonghai Liu^1,2,*, Wenzheng Liu^1,2, Chaungchuang Yuan^1,2, Xiaoyue Seng^1,2, Tiantian Guo^1,2, Xue Wang^1,2

Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.93, No.6, pp. 1275-1296, 2024, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2024.052397 - 27 June 2024

Abstract Rice diseases can adversely affect both the yield and quality of rice crops, leading to the increased use of pesticides and environmental pollution. Accurate detection of rice diseases in natural environments is crucial for both operational efficiency and quality assurance. Deep learning-based disease identification technologies have shown promise in automatically discerning disease types. However, effectively extracting early disease features in natural environments remains a challenging problem. To address this issue, this study proposes the YOLO-CRD method. This research selected images of common rice diseases, primarily bakanae disease, bacterial brown spot, leaf rice fever, and dry… More >