Jinwei Wang^{1, 2, 3, 4}, Qiye Ni³, Yang Zhang³, Xiangyang Luo^{2, *}, Yunqing Shi⁵, Jiangtao Zhai³, Sunil Kr Jha³

CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.65, No.1, pp. 929-943, 2020, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2020.06569

Abstract Median filtering is a nonlinear signal processing technique and has an advantage in the field of image anti-forensics. Therefore, more attention has been paid to the forensics research of median filtering. In this paper, a median filtering forensics method based on quaternion convolutional neural network (QCNN) is proposed. The median filtering residuals (MFR) are used to preprocess the images. Then the output of MFR is expanded to four channels and used as the input of QCNN. In QCNN, quaternion convolution is designed that can better mix the information of different channels than traditional methods. The quaternion pooling layer is designed… More >

Yuheng Sun¹, Ye Mu^{1, 2, 3, 4, *}, Qin Feng⁵, Tianli Hu^{1, 2, 3, 4}, He Gong^{1, 2, 3, 4}, Shijun Li^{1, 2, 3, 4}, Jing Zhou⁶

CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.64, No.2, pp. 1317-1328, 2020, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2020.010510

Abstract In large-scale deer farming image analysis, K-means or maximum betweenclass variance (Otsu) algorithms can be used to distinguish the deer from the background. However, in an actual breeding environment, the barbed wire or chain-link fencing has a certain isolating effect on the deer which greatly interferes with the identification of the individual deer. Also, when the target and background grey values are similar, the multiple background targets cannot be completely separated. To better identify the posture and behaviour of deer in a deer shed, we used digital image processing to separate the deer from the background. To address the problems… More >

Rashmi Gupta¹, Manju Khari¹, Vipul Gupta¹, Elena Verdú², Xing Wu³, Enrique Herrera-Viedma⁴, Rubén González Crespo^2,*

CMES-Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences, Vol.123, No.3, pp. 1175-1192, 2020, DOI:10.32604/cmes.2020.010092

Abstract The images capture in a bad environment usually loses its fidelity and contrast. As the light rays travel towards its destination they get scattered several times due to the tiny particles of fog and pollutants in the environment, therefore the energy gets lost due to multiple scattering till it arrives its destination, and this degrades the images. So the images taken in bad weather appear in bad quality. Therefore, single image haze removal is quite a bit tough task. Significant research has been done in the haze removal algorithm but in all the techniques, the coefficient of scattering is taken… More >

Shahid Rahman¹, Fahad Masood², Wajid Ullah Khan², Niamat Ullah¹, Fazal Qudus Khan³, Georgios Tsaramirsis³, Sadeeq Jan^{4, *}, Majid Ashraf⁵

CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.64, No.1, pp. 31-61, 2020, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2020.09186

Abstract Steganography aims to hide the messages from unauthorized persons for various purposes, e.g., military correspondence, financial transaction data. Securing the data during transmission is of utmost importance these days. The confidentiality, integrity, and availability of the data are at risk because of the emerging technologies and complexity in software applications, and therefore, there is a need to secure such systems and data. There are various methodologies to deal with security issues when utilizing an open system like the Internet. This research proposes a new technique in steganography within RGB shading space to achieve enhanced security compared with existing systems. We… More >

Yuyang Sun¹, Peizhou Yan^{2, *}, Zhengzheng Li², Jiancheng Zou³, Don Hong⁴

CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.63, No.3, pp. 1563-1574, 2020, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2020.09763

Abstract Real-time detection of driver fatigue status is of great significance for road traffic safety. In this paper, a proposed novel driver fatigue detection method is able to detect the driver’s fatigue status around the clock. The driver’s face images were captured by a camera with a colored lens and an infrared lens mounted above the dashboard. The landmarks of the driver’s face were labeled and the eye-area wassegmented. By calculating the aspect ratios of the eyes, the duration of eye closure, frequency of blinks and PERCLOS of both colored and infrared, fatigue can be detected. Based on the change of… More >

Jingjing Wan¹, Taiyue Chen^{2, *}, Bolun Chen^{2, 3, *}, Yongtao Yu², Yiyun Sheng², Xinggang Ma¹

CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.63, No.3, pp. 1263-1272, 2020, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2020.010098

Abstract The incidence of colorectal cancer (CRC) in China has increased in recent years. The mortality rate of CRC has become one of the highest among all cancers; CRC increasingly affects the health and quality of people’s lives. However, due to the insufficiency of medical resources in China, the workload on medical doctors has further increased. In the past few decades, the adult CRC mortality and morbidity rate dropped sharply, mainly because of CRC screening and removal of adenomatous polyps. However, due to the differences in polyp itself and the skills of endoscopists, the detection rate of polyps varies greatly. In… More >

Paul Chege^1,2, Andrea Palágyi², Csaba Lantos², Erzsébet Kiss¹, János Pauk^2,*

Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.89, No.1, pp. 111-119, 2020, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2020.07554

Abstract Many attempts on optimization of sorghum [Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench] tissue culture induction media have been made, but the culture system remains with some bottlenecks compared to that of other crops. This study aimed at assessing the suitability of various induction media to produce embryogenic callus (yellow and friable) with high induction rates and reduced phenolic exudation. The six culture medium modifications: 3 based on Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium and one each based on Chu N6, Gamborg B5 and 190-2 media respectively were applied in the culture of mature embryos from 10 sorghum genotypes. Although there was a genotype… More >

Jinwei Wang^{1, *}, Yang Zhang¹

CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.62, No.1, pp. 99-112, 2020, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2020.04373

Abstract In the paper, a convolutional neural network based on quaternion transformation is proposed to detect median filtering for color images. Compared with conventional convolutional neural network, color images can be processed in a holistic manner in the proposed scheme, which makes full use of the correlation between RGB channels. And due to the use of convolutional neural network, it can effectively avoid the one-sidedness of artificial features. Experimental results have shown the scheme’s improvement over the state-of-the-art scheme on the accuracy of color image median filtering detection. More >

Zhangyi Shen¹, Feng Ding^{2, *}, Yunqing Shi¹

CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.62, No.1, pp. 1-16, 2020, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2020.08291

Abstract As a common medium in our daily life, images are important for most people to gather information. There are also people who edit or even tamper images to deliberately deliver false information under different purposes. Thus, in digital forensics, it is necessary to understand the manipulating history of images. That requires to verify all possible manipulations applied to images. Among all the image editing manipulations, recoloring is widely used to adjust or repaint the colors in images. The color information is an important visual information that image can deliver. Thus, it is necessary to guarantee the correctness of color in… More >

Marina Tsvetova¹, Lev Elkonin^1,*, Yulia Italianskaya¹

Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.88, No.4, pp. 389-401, 2019, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2019.07485

Abstract Apomictic seed development is a complex process including formation of unreduced embryo sac, parthenogenetic embryo development from the egg cell, and endosperm formation either autonomously, or due to fertilization of polar nuclei by the sperm (under pseudogamous form of apomixis). In the latter case, an obstacle to the normal endosperm development is disturbance of maternal (m) -to-paternal (p) genomic ratio 2m: 1p that occurs in the cases of pollination of unreduced embryo sac with haploid sperms. Usage of tetraploid pollinators can overcome this problem because in such crosses maternal-to-paternal genomic ratio is 4m: 2p that provides formation of kernels with… More >