Jing Li¹, Bo Ning^1,*, Bo Li², Xuemei Jin¹, Dezhi Qiu¹, Fenlan Ou¹

FDMP-Fluid Dynamics & Materials Processing, Vol.22, No.1, 2026, DOI:10.32604/fdmp.2026.074335 - 06 February 2026

Abstract As a controllable power generation method requiring no energy storage, Ocean Thermal Energy Conversion (OTEC) technology demonstrates characteristics of abundant reserves, low pollution, and round-the-clock stable operation. The free-standing cold-water pipe (CWP) in the system withstands various complex loads during operation, posing potential failure risks. To reveal the deformation and stress mechanisms of OTEC CWPs, this study first analyzes wave particle velocity and acceleration to determine wave loads at different water depths. Based on the Euler-Bernoulli beam model, a quasi-static load calculation model for OTEC CWPs was established. The governing equations were discretized using the… More >

Jihoon Moon^*

CMES-Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences, Vol.146, No.1, 2026, DOI:10.32604/cmes.2025.071052 - 29 January 2026

Abstract Predicting the behavior of renewable energy systems requires models capable of generating accurate forecasts from limited historical data, a challenge that becomes especially pronounced when commissioning new facilities where operational records are scarce. This review aims to synthesize recent progress in data-efficient deep learning approaches for addressing such “cold-start” forecasting problems. It primarily covers three interrelated domains—solar photovoltaic (PV), wind power, and electrical load forecasting—where data scarcity and operational variability are most critical, while also including representative studies on hydropower and carbon emission prediction to provide a broader systems perspective. To this end, we examined… More >

Zhengqing Zhang^1,2,3,*, Xiaojun Yuan², Hui Wu²

FDMP-Fluid Dynamics & Materials Processing, Vol.21, No.12, pp. 2927-2943, 2025, DOI:10.32604/fdmp.2025.071115 - 31 December 2025

Abstract Frost accumulation on the evaporator fins of air source heat pumps (ASHPs) severely degrades heat transfer performance and overall system efficiency. To address this, the present study employs computational fluid dynamics (CFD) to investigate how fin spacing influences frosting behavior, emphasizing the coupled evolution of frost thickness, density, airflow, and temperature distribution within fin channels. Results reveal that fin spacing is a key parameter governing both the extent and rate of frost growth. Wider fin spacing enhances frost accumulation, with a final frost mass of 6.41 g at 12 mm, about 71.8% higher than at More >

Nadia Gouider¹, Mohammed Benzerara^2,*, Yazid Hadidane¹, S. M. Anas^3,*, Oulfa Harrat¹, Hamda Guedaoura^2,4, Anfel Chaima Hadidane⁵, Messaoud Saidani⁶

CMES-Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences, Vol.145, No.1, pp. 457-481, 2025, DOI:10.32604/cmes.2025.071600 - 30 October 2025

Abstract In recent years, cold-formed steel (CFS) built-up sections have gained a lot of attention in construction. This is mainly because of their structural efficiency and the design advantages they offer. They provide better load-bearing strength and show greater resistance to elastic instability. This study looks at both experimental and numerical analysis of built-up CFS columns. The columns were formed by joining two C-sections in different ways: back-to-back, face-to-face, and box arrangements. Each type was tested with different slenderness ratios. For the experiments, the back-to-back and box sections were connected using two rows of rivets. The… More > Graphic Abstract

Xinyao Huang^1,#, Renjun Gu^2,3,#, Ziyun Li^4,*, Fangyu Wang^3,*

Oncology Research, Vol.33, No.10, pp. 2857-2902, 2025, DOI:10.32604/or.2025.066805 - 26 September 2025

Abstract Cold tumors, defined by insufficient immune cell infiltration and a highly immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment (TME), exhibit limited responsiveness to conventional immunotherapies. This review systematically summarizes the mechanisms of immune evasion and the therapeutic strategies for cold tumors as revealed by multi-omics technologies. By integrating genomic, transcriptomic, proteomic, metabolomic, and spatial multi-omics data, the review elucidates key immune evasion mechanisms, including activation of the WNT/β-catenin pathway, transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β)–mediated immunosuppression, metabolic reprogramming (e.g., lactate accumulation), and aberrant expression of immune checkpoint molecules. Furthermore, this review proposes multi-dimensional therapeutic strategies, such as targeting immunosuppressive pathways (e.g.,… More > Graphic Abstract

Rachid Djeffal^1,2, Sidi Mohammed El Amine Bekkouche^1,2, Zakaria Triki², Abir Abboud², Sabrina Lekmine³, Hichem Tahraoui^2,4, Jie Zhang⁵, Abdeltif Amrane^4,*

Frontiers in Heat and Mass Transfer, Vol.23, No.4, pp. 1129-1149, 2025, DOI:10.32604/fhmt.2025.067734 - 29 August 2025

Abstract Refrigeration systems are essential across various sectors, including food preservation, medical storage, and climate control. However, their high energy consumption and environmental impact necessitate innovative solutions to enhance efficiency while minimizing energy usage. This paper investigates the integration of Phase Change Materials (PCMs) into a vapor compression refrigeration system to enhance energy efficiency and temperature regulation for food preservation. A multifunctional prototype was tested under two configurations: (1) a standard thermally insulated room, and (2) the same room augmented with eutectic plates filled with either Glaceol (−10°C melting point) or distilled water (0°C melting point).… More > Graphic Abstract

Wei Shi^1,2, Shusheng Xiong^1,2,3,*, Wei Li^2,3, Kai Meng⁴, Qingsheng Liu⁴

Energy Engineering, Vol.122, No.9, pp. 3507-3523, 2025, DOI:10.32604/ee.2025.065579 - 26 August 2025

Abstract In the realm of all-electric aircraft research, the integration of cathode-open proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFC) with lithium batteries as a hybrid power source for small to medium-sized unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) has garnered significant attention. The PEMFC, serving as the primary energy supply, markedly extends the UAV’s operational endurance. However, due to payload limitations and spatial constraints in the airframe layout of UAVs, the stack requires customized adaptation. Moreover, the implementation of auxiliary systems to facilitate cold starts of the PEMFC under low-temperature conditions is not feasible. Relying solely on thermal insulation measures… More >

Ravi Nahta¹, Nagaraj Naik^2,*, Srivinay³, Swetha Parvatha Reddy Chandrasekhara⁴

CMES-Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences, Vol.144, No.1, pp. 461-487, 2025, DOI:10.32604/cmes.2025.063973 - 31 July 2025

Abstract The exponential growth of over-the-top (OTT) entertainment has fueled a surge in content consumption across diverse formats, especially in regional Indian languages. With the Indian film industry producing over 1500 films annually in more than 20 languages, personalized recommendations are essential to highlight relevant content. To overcome the limitations of traditional recommender systems—such as static latent vectors, poor handling of cold-start scenarios, and the absence of uncertainty modeling—we propose a deep Collaborative Neural Generative Embedding (C-NGE) model. C-NGE dynamically learns user and item representations by integrating rating information and metadata features in a unified neural More >

Hamed Yousefzadeh Eini, Mohammad Hossein Sabouri, Mojtaba Babaelahi^*

FDMP-Fluid Dynamics & Materials Processing, Vol.21, No.7, pp. 1771-1788, 2025, DOI:10.32604/fdmp.2025.066747 - 31 July 2025

Abstract Heat Recovery Ventilators (HRVs) are essential for improving indoor air quality (IAQ) and reducing energy consumption in residential buildings situated in cold climates. This study considers the efficiency and performance optimization of HRVs under cold climatic conditions, where conventional ventilation systems increase heat loss. A comprehensive numerical model was developed using COMSOL Multiphysics, integrating fluid dynamics, heat transfer, and solid mechanics to evaluate the thermal efficiency and structural integrity of an HRV system. The methodology employed a detailed geometry with tetrahedral elements, temperature-dependent material properties, and coupled governing equations solved under Tehran-specific boundary conditions. A More >

Ruiheng Pan^*, Shuyan Wang, Yihan Huang, Gang Ma

Energy Engineering, Vol.122, No.8, pp. 3079-3098, 2025, DOI:10.32604/ee.2025.065124 - 24 July 2025

Abstract Contemporary power network planning faces critical challenges from intensifying climate variability, including greenhouse effect amplification, extreme precipitation anomalies, and persistent thermal extremes. These meteorological disruptions compromise the reliability of renewable energy generation forecasts, particularly in photovoltaic (PV) systems. However, current predictive methodologies exhibit notable deficiencies in extreme weather monitoring, systematic transient phenomena analysis, and preemptive operational strategies, especially for cold-wave weather. In order to address these limitations, we propose a dual-phase data enhancement protocol that takes advantage of Time-series Generative Adversarial Networks (TimeGAN) for temporal pattern expansion and the K-medoids clustering algorithm for synthetic data… More >