Retno Asih^1,*, Haniffudin Nurdiansah², Mochamad Zainuri¹, Deni S. Khaerudini^3,4, Angelinus T. Setiawan⁴, A. Y. Dias⁴, Pudji Untoro^4,5, Ahmad Sholih¹, Darminto^1,*

Journal of Renewable Materials, Vol.12, No.5, pp. 969-979, 2024, DOI:10.32604/jrm.2024.049097 - 17 July 2024

Abstract Biomass has become of recent interest as a raw material for ‘green’ graphenic carbon (GC) since it promotes an environmentally friendly approach. Here, we investigate a single pyrolysis route to synthesize GC from coconut shells which provides a simple method and can produce a high yield, thus being convenient for large-scale production. The pyrolysis involves a stepped holding process at 350°C for 1 h and at 650°C or 900°C for 3 h. The GC sample resulted at the 900°C pyrolysis has a thinner sheet, a less porous structure, a higher C/O ratio, and an enhanced More > Graphic Abstract

Samsudin Anis^1,*, Deni Fajar Fitriyana¹, Aldias Bahatmaka¹, Muhammad Choirul Anwar¹, Arsyad Zanadin Ramadhan¹, Fajar Chairul Anam¹, Raffanel Adi Permana¹, Ahmad Jazilussurur Hakim², Natalino Fonseca Da Silva Guterres³, Mateus De Sousa Da Silva³

Journal of Renewable Materials, Vol.12, No.2, pp. 381-396, 2024, DOI:10.32604/jrm.2023.047128 - 11 March 2024

Abstract Indonesia is one of the largest coconut-producing countries in the world. The utilization of coconut shell waste into briquettes will increase the selling value and become a great export opportunity. However, the effect of adhesives on the quality of coconut shell charcoal briquettes made using screw extruder machine has not been widely studied. This study aims to determine the effect of adhesive type on the quality of coconut shell charcoal briquettes. The process of fabricating briquettes in this study included crushing, mixing, blending, pressing, and drying. In the mixing process, 3 types of adhesives were… More > Graphic Abstract

B. BRAILSON MANSINGH¹, K. L. NARASIMHAMU², K. C. VARAPRASAD³, J. S. BINOJ^4,*, A. RADHAKRISHNAN⁵, ALAMRY ALI⁶

Journal of Polymer Materials, Vol.40, No.1-2, pp. 71-82, 2023, DOI:10.32381/JPM.2023.40.1-2.6

Abstract Several agro-wastes are rich in natural fibers and finds scope to be used as reinforcement in composite industry. These natural fibers have some advantages over man-made fibers, including low cost, light weight, renewable nature, high specific strength and modulus, and availability in various forms worldwide. In this paper, the effect of surface modification of leaf sheath coconut fiber (LSF) (an agro-waste) reinforced in phenol formaldehyde matrix composites with silicon carbide (SiC) nano particles as filler material were investigated for its mechanical characteristics. The investigation portrays that coconut LSF (CLSF) modified with potassium permanganate reinforced polymer More >

Marwah Subhi Attallah, Reem Alaa Mohammed^*, Ruaa Haitham Abdel-Rahim

FDMP-Fluid Dynamics & Materials Processing, Vol.19, No.10, pp. 2449-2469, 2023, DOI:10.32604/fdmp.2023.027750 - 25 June 2023

Abstract This study aims to evaluate the erosion behavior and the hardness of hybrid composites made of varying amounts of coconut shells, walnut shells, and carbon fibers dispersed in a polyester matrix. MINITAB (L16) Taguchi experiments were used to determine the optimal combination of parameters. In particular, an erosion device consisting of a motor with a constant flow rate of 45 L/min, a pump with a diameter of 40 mm, a nozzle with a diameter of 5 mm, and a tank made of “perspex glass” 55 cm long, 30 cm tall, and 25 cm wide was used. The tests were conducted by… More > Graphic Abstract

Imam Khambali^1,2,*, Budhi Priyanto^1,2, Retno Asih¹, Malik Anjelh Baqiya¹, Muhammad Mahyiddin Ramli³, Nurul Huda Osman⁴, Sarayut Tunmee⁵, Hideki Nakajima⁵, Triwikantoro¹, Mochamad Zainuri¹, Darminto^1,*

Journal of Renewable Materials, Vol.11, No.4, pp. 1823-1833, 2023, DOI:10.32604/jrm.2023.025026 - 01 December 2022

Abstract An rGO−like carbon compound has been synthesized from biomass, i.e., old coconut shell, by a carbonization process followed by heating at 400°C for 5 h. The nitrogen doping was achieved by adding the urea (CH₄N₂O) and stirring at 70°C for 14 h. The morphology and structure of the rGO-like carbon were investigated by electron microscopies and Raman spectroscopy. The presence of C-N functional groups was analyzed by Fourier transform infrared and synchrotron X-ray photoemission spectroscopy, while the particle and the specific capacitance were measured by particle sizer and cyclic voltammetry. The highest specific capacitance of 72.78 More > Graphic Abstract

Zhiguang Yang^1,*, Gaojun Yan^1,2, Xueping Liu¹, Zhengyuan Feng¹, Xinfeng Zhu¹, Yanli Mao¹, Songtao Chen¹, Zhisheng Yu², Ruimei Fan³, Linlin Shan^3,*

Journal of Renewable Materials, Vol.10, No.12, pp. 3573-3585, 2022, DOI:10.32604/jrm.2022.022031 - 14 July 2022

Abstract Adsorption can be used to recover effectively the volatile organic gases (VOCs) in the exhaust gas from factories through using an appropriate adsorption bed. Due to form a physical or chemical bond, adsorption occurs between the porous solid medium and the liquid or gas multi-component fluid mixture. The regeneration capacity of the adsorbent is as important as the adsorption capacity and it determines the economics of the adsorption system. The regeneration of adsorbent can be realized through changing the pressure or temperature of the system. Here, activated carbon samples from coconut shell were prepared and… More > Graphic Abstract

Joselito Olalo^*

Energy Engineering, Vol.119, No.2, pp. 555-567, 2022, DOI:10.32604/EE.2022.018864 - 24 January 2022

Abstract Unlike plastic, biomass can also be converted and produce high quality of biofuel. Co-pyrolysis of coconut husk (CH) and laminated plastic packaging (LPP) were done in this study. Synergy between these two feedstock was calculated by using thermogravimetric (TGA) and derivative thermogravimetry (DTG) analysis. Different activation energies of the reactions in the co-pyrolysis of CH and LPP were evaluated using the Coats-Redfern method. Results showed an activation energy ranging from 8 to 37 kJ/mol in the different percentage composition of the co-pyrolysis. Also, thermal degradation happens in two-stages in the copyrolysis of CH and LPP, More >

Nugroho Agung Pambudi^*, Awibi Muhamad Yusuf, Alfan Sarifudin

Energy Engineering, Vol.119, No.1, pp. 275-286, 2022, DOI:10.32604/EE.2022.017356 - 22 November 2021

Abstract Data centers are recognized as one of the most important aspects of the fourth industrial revolution since conventional data centers are inefficient and have dependency on high energy consumption, in which the cooling is responsible for 40% of the usage. Therefore, this research proposes the immersion cooling method to solving the high energy consumption of data centers by cooling its component using two types of dielectric fluids. Four stages of experimental methods are used, such as fluid types, cooling effectiveness, optimization, and durability. Furthermore, benchmark software is used to measure the CPU maximum work with More >

J. Kananathan^1,2, M. Samykano^2,*, K. Kadirgama³, D. Ramasamy², M. M. Rahman²

Energy Engineering, Vol.118, No.5, pp. 1305-1315, 2021, DOI:10.32604/EE.2021.016131 - 16 July 2021

Abstract Fused deposition modeling (FDM)-3D printing has been the favored technology to build functional components in various industries. The present study investigates infill percentage and infill pattern effects on the printed parts’ impact properties through the 3D printing technique using coconut wood-filled PLA composites. Mathematical models are also proposed in the present study with the aim for future property prediction. According to the ASTM standard, fifteen specimens with different parameter combinations were printed using a low-cost FDM 3D printer to evaluate their impact properties. Statistical analysis was performed using MINITAB to validate the experimental data and… More >

Nantharat Phruksaphithak^1,*, Chalermkiet Kaewnun², Sompong O-Thong²

Journal of Renewable Materials, Vol.7, No.5, pp. 493-504, 2019, DOI:10.32604/jrm.2019.00020

Abstract A new biocomposite was preformed between bacterial cellulose (BC) pellicle and polyethylene glycol (PEG) at different concentrations (0%, 5, 10%, 15% and 20%) and different molecular weight (600, 1000 and 2000). The structure and mechanical properties of BC/PEG biocomposite were investigated. The results indicated that the properties of the BC were improved by the addition of PEG. The morphology of the BC and BC/PEG blend was examined by a scanning electron microscope (SEM). These showed that PEG was coated with a large pore size fibril on the BC and the BC/PEG was dense with an More >