Jianan Lei^*, Zhuona Ni, Ruidi Zhang

Oncology Research, Vol.33, No.11, pp. 3347-3373, 2025, DOI:10.32604/or.2025.067445 - 22 October 2025

Abstract This review aims to explore the development, challenges, and future directions of UCAR cell therapy as a scalable alternative to autologous CAR-T for cancer treatment. Consequently, limitations of autologous CAR-T, including long production, variable quality, and cost, drive off-the-shelf UCAR development to standardize manufacturing and improve access. Current UCAR-T cell strategies focus on mitigating the risks of graft-vs.-host disease and host-vs.-graft rejection through advanced gene editing technologies, including clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeat-associated system Cas9-mediated knockout of the T cell receptor, human leukocyte antigen, and cluster of differentiation 52 (CD52). Beyond conventional T cells, cell… More >

Tian-Tian Li^1,2,3,#, Ming-Yao Meng^1,2,4,#, Zheng Yu⁵, Yang-Fan Guo^1,2,4, Yi-Yi Zhao^1,2,4, Hui Gao^1,2,4, Li-Li Yang^1,2,3, Li-Rong Yang^1,2,3, Meng-Yuan Chu^1,2,3, Shan He^1,2,4, Yuan Liu^1,2,4, Xiao-Dan Wang^1,2,4, Wen-Ju Wang^1,2,4, Zong-Liu Hou^1,2,4, Li-Wei Liao^1,2,4,*, Lin Li^1,2,4,*

Oncology Research, Vol.33, No.11, pp. 3447-3467, 2025, DOI:10.32604/or.2025.065394 - 22 October 2025

Abstract Background: Chimeric antigen receptor T (CAR-T) cell therapies have demonstrated significant clinical efficacy in hematological malignancies. However, their application to solid tumors remains substantially limited by multiple challenges, including the risk of off-target effects. Hence, optimizing CAR-T cells for stronger antigen binding is essential. Methods: In this study, we employed a classical anti-human endothelial growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) single-chain variable fragment (scFv) derived from trastuzumab, alongside an anti-HER2-13 scFv identified from a combinatorial cellular CAR library, for the construction of a third-generation CAR-T cell. Meanwhile, the phenotypes and both in vitro and in vivo functions of… More > Graphic Abstract

MARTA SANTOS¹, DIANA MARTINS^1,2,3,4, FERNANDO MENDES^1,2,3,4,5,*

Oncology Research, Vol.33, No.2, pp. 263-281, 2025, DOI:10.32604/or.2024.052207 - 16 January 2025

Abstract Background: Gastric Cancer (GC) is the 5th most prevalent and 4th most deadly neoplasm globally. Immunotherapy has emerged as a promising treatment approach in GC, potentially improving positive clinical outcomes while addressing the limitations of conventional therapies. GC immunotherapy modalities consist of adoptive cell therapy (ACT), cancer vaccines, and immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI). Objectives: This systematic review aims to provide an overview of the advances in immune-based therapeutic approaches in GC, highlighting the potential of this therapy as a strategy for GC treatment. Methods: Key studies investigating several immunotherapeutic agents and combination therapies were searched in… More > Graphic Abstract

ELMIRA YAKUPOVA¹, VALENTINA BABENKO^1,2, ALEXEY BOCHARNIKOV¹, KSENIYA FEDULOVA¹, DENIS SILACHEV^1,2, EGOR PLOTNIKOV^1,2,*

BIOCELL, Vol.48, No.12, pp. 1827-1834, 2024, DOI:10.32604/biocell.2024.058496 - 30 December 2024

Abstract Background: The active use of stem and progenitor cells in the therapy of various diseases requires the development of approaches for targeted modification of their properties. One such approach is the induction of a pro- or anti-inflammatory phenotype. Methods: In this study, we investigated the effect of a pro-inflammatory environment in vitro on multipotent mesenchymal stromal cells (MSC) by incubation with lipopolysaccharide (LPS). iCELLigence real-time cell analysis system was used for monitoring cell culture growth. Cell energy metabolism was assessed using the Seahorse XFp Analyzer. For the rat stroke experiment, we used a photoinduced thrombosis (PT)… More >

MOHAMMAD-SADEGH LOTFI, FATEMEH B. RASSOULI^*

BIOCELL, Vol.48, No.10, pp. 1419-1428, 2024, DOI:10.32604/biocell.2024.053597 - 02 October 2024

Abstract Parkinson’s disease (PD) is one of the fastest-growing neurodegenerative disorders worldwide. So far, PD treatments only offer little clinical relief and cannot reverse or stop the disease progression. Stem cell (SC) therapy is a rapidly evolving technology that holds significant promise for enhancing current therapeutic approaches. Adipose-derived mesenchymal SCs (AD-MSCs) have many features such as easy harvest with minimal invasive techniques, high plasticity, non-immunogenicity, and no ethical issues, which have made them suitable choices for clinical applications in regenerative research. AD-MSCs are ideal tools to treat PD, as they have the potential to differentiate into… More >

ZHENGYI WANG^1,*, LIANG ZHOU¹, XIAOYING WU²

Oncology Research, Vol.32, No.9, pp. 1479-1516, 2024, DOI:10.32604/or.2024.048564 - 23 August 2024

Abstract Chimeric antigen receptor T-cesll therapy (CAR–T) has achieved groundbreaking advancements in clinical application, ushering in a new era for innovative cancer treatment. However, the challenges associated with implementing this novel targeted cell therapy are increasingly significant. Particularly in the clinical management of solid tumors, obstacles such as the immunosuppressive effects of the tumor microenvironment, limited local tumor infiltration capability of CAR–T cells, heterogeneity of tumor targeting antigens, uncertainties surrounding CAR–T quality, control, and clinical adverse reactions have contributed to increased drug resistance and decreased compliance in tumor therapy. These factors have significantly impeded the widespread More > Graphic Abstract

DAN GUO¹, XI XIA^2,*, JIAN YANG^1,*

BIOCELL, Vol.48, No.7, pp. 1023-1036, 2024, DOI:10.32604/biocell.2024.051095 - 03 July 2024

Abstract Liver regeneration and the development of effective therapies for liver failure remain formidable challenges in modern medicine. In recent years, the utilization of 3D cell-based strategies has emerged as a promising approach for addressing these urgent clinical requirements. This review provides a thorough analysis of the application of 3D cell-based approaches to liver regeneration and their potential impact on patients with end-stage liver failure. Here, we discuss various 3D culture models that incorporate hepatocytes and stem cells to restore liver function and ameliorate the consequences of liver failure. Furthermore, we explored the challenges in transitioning More >

QIUQIANG CHEN^1,*, XUEJUN GUO², WENXUE MA^3,*

Oncology Research, Vol.32, No.1, pp. 49-60, 2024, DOI:10.32604/or.2023.042383 - 15 November 2023

Abstract Cancer immunotherapy has emerged as a promising strategy for the treatment of cancer, with the tumor microenvironment (TME) playing a pivotal role in modulating the immune response. CD47, a cell surface protein, has been identified as a crucial regulator of the TME and a potential therapeutic target for cancer therapy. However, the precise functions and implications of CD47 in the TME during immunotherapy for cancer patients remain incompletely understood. This comprehensive review aims to provide an overview of CD47’s multifaced role in TME regulation and immune evasion, elucidating its impact on various types of immunotherapy… More > Graphic Abstract

HANYANG GUAN^1,#, YUE WU^2,#, LU LI^3,#, YABING YANG¹, SHENGHUI QIU¹, ZHAN ZHAO¹, XIAODONG CHU¹, JIASHUAI HE¹, ZUYANG CHEN¹, YIRAN ZHANG¹, HUI DING¹, JINGHUA PAN^1,*, YUNLONG PAN^1,*

Oncology Research, Vol.31, No.4, pp. 437-448, 2023, DOI:10.32604/or.2023.029924 - 25 June 2023

Abstract Neoantigen-targeted immunotherapy is a rapidly advancing field that holds great promise for treating cancer. The recognition of antigens by immune cells is a crucial step in tumor-specific killing, and neoantigens generated by mutations in cancer cells possess high immunogenicity and are selectively expressed in tumor cells, making them an attractive therapeutic target. Currently, neoantigens find utility in various domains, primarily in the realm of neoantigen vaccines such as DC vaccines, nucleic acid vaccines, and synthetic long peptide vaccines. Additionally, they hold promise in adoptive cell therapy, encompassing tumor-infiltrating cells, T cell receptors, and chimeric antigen More > Graphic Abstract

SUKUMARAN ANIL^1,2,*, RAMYA RAMADOSS³, NEBU G. THOMAS⁴, JASMIN M. GEORGE⁴, VISHNUPRIYA K. SWEETY⁴

BIOCELL, Vol.47, No.1, pp. 71-80, 2023, DOI:10.32604/biocell.2023.024334 - 26 September 2022

Abstract Exfoliated deciduous or an extracted healthy adult tooth can be used to harvest, process, and cryogenically preserve dental pulp stem cells. Future stem cell-based regenerative medicine methods could benefit significantly from these mesenchymal stem cells. Teeth serve as a substantial source of mesenchymal stem cells, otherwise disposed of as medical waste. Care should be taken to store this treasure trove of stem cells. Collective responsibility of patients, dentists, and physicians is necessary to ensure that this valuable resource is not wasted and that every possible dental pulp stem cell is available for use in the More >