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  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    Application of Machine Learning For Prediction Dental Material Wear

    ABHIJEET SURYAWANSHI1, NIRANJANA BEHERA2,*

    Journal of Polymer Materials, Vol.40, No.3-4, pp. 305-316, 2023, DOI:10.32381/JPM.2023.40.3-4.11

    Abstract Resin composites are commonly applied as the material for dental restoration. Wear of these materials is a major issue. In this study specimens made of dental composite materials were subjected to an in-vitro test in a pin-on-disc tribometer. Four different dental composite materials applied in the experiment were soaked in a solution of chewing tobacco for certain days before being removed and put through a wear test. Subsequently, four different machine learning (ML) algorithms (AdaBoost, CatBoost, Gradient Boosting, Random Forest) were implemented for developing models for the prediction of wear of dental materials. AdaBoost, CatBoost, Gradient Boosting and Random Forest… More >

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    Synthesis and Characterization of Bisphenol-C Epoxy Crotonate and Its Fiber-Reinforced Composites

    PARSOTAM H. PARSANIA1,*, JIGNESH V. PATEL2, JIGNESH P. PATEL3

    Journal of Polymer Materials, Vol.40, No.3-4, pp. 271-284, 2023, DOI:10.32381/JPM.2023.40.3-4.9

    Abstract Bisphenol-C epoxy crotonate resin was synthesized by reacting 8.09g epoxy resin of bisphenolC, and 2.15g crotonic acid using 25 mL 1,4-dioxane as a solvent, and 1 mL triethylamine as a catalyst at reflux temperature for 1-6 h. Solid epoxy crotonate (ECCR) is highly soluble in common organic solvents. ECCR was characterized by its acid (24.5-1.5 mg KOH/g) and hydroxyl (504.5-678.4 mg KOH/g) values. The structure of ECCR is supported by FTIR and 1 HNMR spectroscopic methods. A DSC endothermic transition at 229o C indicated melting followed by thermal polymerization of ECCR. ECCR is thermally stable up to 320o C and… More >

  • Open Access

    REVIEW

    A Review on Auxetic Polymeric Materials: Synthetic Methodology, Characterization and their Applications

    NEETU TRIPATHI, DIBYENDU S. BAG*, MAYANK DWIVEDI

    Journal of Polymer Materials, Vol.40, No.3-4, pp. 227-269, 2023, DOI:10.32381/JPM.2023.40.3-4.8

    Abstract Over the last three decades, there has been considerable interest in the captivating mechanical properties displayed by auxetic materials, highlighting the advantages stemming from their distinct negative Poisson's ratio. The negative Poisson's ratio observed in auxetic polymeric materials is a result of the distinctive geometries of their unit cells. These unit cells, encompassing structures such as chiral, re-entrant, and rotating rigid configurations, are carefully engineered to collectively generate the desired auxetic behaviour. This comprehensive review article explores the field of auxetic polymeric materials, offering a detailed exploration of their geometries, fabrication methods, mechanical properties, and characterisation. The diverse applications of… More >

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    Tensile Failure Characterization of Glass/Epoxy Composites using Acoustic Emission RMS Data

    K. KRISHNAMOORTHYa,*, N. PRABHUb

    Journal of Polymer Materials, Vol.40, No.3-4, pp. 215-226, 2023, DOI:10.32381/JPM.2023.40.3-4.7

    Abstract The acoustic emission monitoring with artificial neural networks predicts the ultimate strength of glass/epoxy composite laminates using Acoustic Emission Data. The ultimate loads of all the specimens were used to characterise the emission of hits during failure modes. The six layered glass fiber laminates were prepared (in woven mat form) with epoxy as the binding medium by hand lay-up technique. At room temperature, with a pressure of 30 kg/cm2, the laminates were cured. The laminates of standard dimensions as per ASTM D3039 for the tensile test were cut from the lamina. The Acoustic Emission (AE) test was conducted on these… More >

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    Investigation of Polypyrrole and Polypyrrolepolyethyleneimine as Adsorbents for Methyl Orange Dye Adsorption

    NORHABIBAH MOHAMAD1,*, NOORDINI M. SALLEH1,2, HABIBUN NABI MUHAMMAD EKRAMUL MAHMUD1

    Journal of Polymer Materials, Vol.40, No.3-4, pp. 165-189, 2023, DOI:10.32381/JPM.2023.40.3-4.4

    Abstract The present study has explored the adsorption properties of polypyrrole-based adsorbents (polypyrrole and polypyrrole-polyethyleneimine composite) as novel conducting polymers in adsorbing methyl orange (MO) (an anionic dye) effectively from aqueous solution. The adsorption characteristics of the prepared polymer-based adsorbents were characterized by BET, FTIR, FESEM, and XRD methods. The effectiveness of PPy-based adsorbents for MO dye adsorption was examined using the batch adsorption method. Different parameters were changed during the adsorption process, including contact time, solution pH, and adsorbent dosage. The highest BET surface area of the PPy-PEI composite was found to be 11.85 m2 /g, which is much greater… More >

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    Study on Organic Fluorine Modified Cationic Acrylic Resin and its Application in Cathodic Electrodeposition Coatings

    LIJUN CHEN*, ZHEQING GONG, ZHENGRONG FU

    Journal of Polymer Materials, Vol.40, No.3-4, pp. 157-164, 2023, DOI:10.32381/JPM.2023.40.3-4.3

    Abstract The organic fluorine modified/containing cationic acrylic resin is prepared via solution polymerization technique using hexafluorobutyl methacrylate (HFMA) along with butyl acrylate (BA), methyl methacrylate (MMA), styrene (St), dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate (DMAEMA) and hydroxy propyl methacrylate (HPMA) as the comonomers, proprylene glycol monomethyl ether (PGME) as the solvent, and 2, 2-Azo-bis-iso-butyronitrile (AIBN) as the initiator. The synthesized resin in which fluorine atom is introduced into the polymer chains. The cathodic electrodeposition (CED) coatings were prepared by mixing the synthesized resin and blocked isocyanate. The influence of the amount of organic fluorine on the resin and the resultant CED coatings is investigated in… More >

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    Enhanced Mechanical and Electrical Properties of Styrene Butadiene Rubber Nanocomposites with Graphene Platelet Nano-powder

    ARUN KUMAR M, JAYAKUMARI LS*, RAMJI CHANDRAN

    Journal of Polymer Materials, Vol.40, No.3-4, pp. 141-156, 2023, DOI:10.32381/JPM.2023.40.3-4.2

    Abstract Nanocomposites are very important materials because it imparts superior properties than other composites with low level of filler loading. Styrene butadiene rubber (SBR) is a non-polar rubber which acts as an insulator and has low electrical conductivity. Graphene platelet nano-powder from 0.1 to 1.25 phr level is incorporated into SBR rubber in order to improve the electrical properties. Comparative studies on electrical and mechanical properties of styrene butadiene rubber with graphene platelet nano-powder (GPN) by varying the filler content are made. The incorporation of Graphene platelet nano-powder increases the electrical conductivity in styrene butadiene rubber. It has been observed that… More >

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    Mathematical Modelling and Simulations of Active Direct Methanol Fuel Cell

    RABIRANJAN MURMUa,b, DEBASHIS ROYa, HAREKRUSHNA SUTARb

    Journal of Polymer Materials, Vol.40, No.3-4, pp. 125-139, 2023, DOI:10.32381/JPM.2023.40.3-4.1

    Abstract A one dimensional isothermal model is proposed by modelling the kinetics of methanol transport at anode flow channel (AFC), membrane and cathode catalyst layer of direct methanol fuel cell (DMFC). Analytical model is proposed to predict methanol cross-over rate through the electrolyte membrane and cell performance. The model presented in this paper considered methanol diffusion and electrochemical oxidation at the anode and cathode channels. The analytical solution of the proposed model was simulated in a MATLAB environment to obtain the polarization curve and leakage current. The effect of methanol concentration on cell voltage and leakage current is studied. The methanol… More >

  • Open Access

    REVIEW

    SPATULA as a Versatile Tool in Plant: The Progress and Perspectives of SPATULA (SPT) Transcriptional Factor

    Lei Liang, Xiangyang Hu*

    Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.93, No.3, pp. 517-531, 2024, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2024.049277

    Abstract With the rapid development of modern molecular biology and bioinformatics, many studies have proved that transcription factors play an important role in regulating the growth and development of plants. SPATULA (SPT) belongs to the bHLH transcription family and participates in many processes of regulating plant growth and development. This review systemically summarizes the multiple roles of SPT in plant growth, development, and stress response, including seed germination, flowering, leaf size, carpel development, and root elongation, which is helpful for us to better understand the functions of SPT. More >

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    The Identification of Phenylalanine Ammonia-Lyase (PAL) Genes from Pinus yunnanensis and an Analysis of Enzyme Activity in vitro

    Dejin Mu1,2, Lin Chen1,2, Heze Wang1,2, Zhaoliu Hu1,2, Sihui Chen1,2, Shi Chen1,2, Nianhui Cai1,2, Yulan Xu1,2, Junrong Tang1,2,*

    Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.93, No.3, pp. 503-516, 2024, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2024.048786

    Abstract Phenylalanine ammonia lyase (PAL) is the rate-limiting and pivotal enzyme of the general phenylpropanoid pathway, but few reports have been found on PAL genes in Pinus yunnanensis. In the present study, three PAL genes were cloned and identified from P. yunnanensis seedlings for the first time, namely, PyPAL-1, PyPAL-2, and PyPAL-3. Our results indicated that the open-reading frames of PyPAL genes were 2184, 2157, and 2385 bp. Phylogenetic tree analysis revealed that PyPALs have high homology with other known PAL genes in other plants. In vitro enzymatic analysis showed that all three PyPAL recombinant proteins could catalyze the deamination of… More >

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