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  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    Should we continue breastfeeding after SARS-CoV-2 infection or mRNA vaccination?

    FEI CHEN1,*, CHUN LUAN1, ZICHUN WEI1, DECHEN CAI1, ZHIWEN CUI1, YUYANG LI1, HAO WU2, XIAOXIA ZHANG1, XIAOLI WU2

    BIOCELL, Vol.46, No.6, pp. 1425-1433, 2022, DOI:10.32604/biocell.2022.019868 - 07 February 2022

    Abstract The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), which is caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), has posed a potential threat to infant health. The World Health Organization recommended that the benefits of breastfeeding far outweigh the potential risk of transmission, but there is no denying that the current evidence is insufficient. Moreover, although the COVID-19 mRNA vaccine has played an effective role in protection against infection, individuals have increasing concerns about the safety of breastfeeding after vaccination, and which have caused some breastfeeding women to postpone vaccination or stop breastfeeding early. Thus, in this… More >

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    Effect of maternal smoking on colostrum and breast milk cytokines

    İbrahim Etem Pişkin1, Hande Nur Karavar1, Mehmet Araslı2, Bahri Ermiş3

    European Cytokine Network, Vol.23, No.4, pp. 187-190, 2012, DOI:10.1684/ecn.2013.0324

    Abstract Background: Breast milk contains several immune modulator components. The transfer of numerouscytokines via mother’s milk may add to an active stimulation of the infant’s immune system. There are many factorsin breast milk that could either facilitate or inhibit cytokine activities. Smoking negatively influences the immunesystem and changes the concentrations of important cytokines. Objective: The objective of this study was to assessthe effect of smoking during pregnancy on the cytokines found in colostrum and mature human milk. Methods: Thestudy population included 25 smoker and 27 non-smoker nursing mothers who gave birth to a term healthy infantvia… More >

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