Haoran Wang¹, Shuhong Yang², Kuan Shao², Tao Xiao², Zhenyong Zhang^2,*

CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.86, No.1, pp. 1-18, 2026, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2025.069404 - 10 November 2025

Abstract With the rapid development of the Artificial Intelligence of Things (AIoT), convolutional neural networks (CNNs) have demonstrated potential and remarkable performance in AIoT applications due to their excellent performance in various inference tasks. However, the users have concerns about privacy leakage for the use of AI and the performance and efficiency of computing on resource-constrained IoT edge devices. Therefore, this paper proposes an efficient privacy-preserving CNN framework (i.e., EPPA) based on the Fully Homomorphic Encryption (FHE) scheme for AIoT application scenarios. In the plaintext domain, we verify schemes with different activation structures to determine the… More >

Mekhled Alharbi^1,*, Khalid Haseeb², Mamoona Humayun^3,*

CMES-Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences, Vol.145, No.2, pp. 2601-2616, 2025, DOI:10.32604/cmes.2025.073039 - 26 November 2025

Abstract Emerging technologies and the Internet of Things (IoT) are integrating for the growth and development of heterogeneous networks. These systems are providing real-time devices to end users to deliver dynamic services and improve human lives. Most existing approaches have been proposed to improve energy efficiency and ensure reliable routing; however, trustworthiness and network scalability remain significant research challenges. In this research work, we introduce an AI-enabled Software-Defined Network (SDN)- driven framework to provide secure communication, trusted behavior, and effective route maintenance. By considering multiple parameters in the forwarder selection process, the proposed framework enhances network More >

Seungyeon Baek^1,#, Jueun Jeon^2,#, Byeonghui Jeong¹, Young-Sik Jeong^1,*

CMES-Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences, Vol.145, No.1, pp. 1213-1236, 2025, DOI:10.32604/cmes.2025.070679 - 30 October 2025

Abstract With the advent of the sixth-generation wireless technology, the importance of using artificial intelligence of things (AIoT) devices is increasing to enhance efficiency. As massive volumes of data are collected and stored in these AIoT environments, each device becomes a potential attack target, leading to increased security vulnerabilities. Therefore, intrusion detection studies have been conducted to detect malicious network traffic. However, existing studies have been biased toward conducting in-depth analyses of individual packets to improve accuracy or applying flow-based statistical information to ensure real-time performance. Effectively responding to complex and multifaceted threats in large-scale AIoT… More >

Sunghyun Yu, Yoojae Won^*

CMES-Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences, Vol.143, No.3, pp. 3943-3980, 2025, DOI:10.32604/cmes.2025.064997 - 30 June 2025

Abstract Pre-Authentication and Post-Connection (PAPC) plays a crucial role in realizing the Zero Trust security model by ensuring that access to network resources is granted only after successful authentication. While earlier approaches such as Port Knocking (PK) and Single Packet Authorization (SPA) introduced pre-authentication concepts, they suffer from limitations including plaintext communication, protocol dependency, reliance on dedicated clients, and inefficiency under modern network conditions. These constraints hinder their applicability in emerging distributed and resource-constrained environments such as AIoT and browser-based systems. To address these challenges, this study proposes a novel port-sequence-based PAPC scheme structured as a… More >

Hyunwoo Park^1,2, Jaedong Lee^1,3,*

CMES-Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences, Vol.143, No.1, pp. 827-847, 2025, DOI:10.32604/cmes.2025.061178 - 11 April 2025

Abstract Integrating Artificial Intelligence of Things (AIoT) in healthcare offers transformative potential for real-time diagnostics and collaborative learning but presents critical challenges, including privacy preservation, computational efficiency, and regulatory compliance. Traditional approaches, such as differential privacy, homomorphic encryption, and secure multi-party computation, often fail to balance performance and privacy, rendering them unsuitable for resource-constrained healthcare AIoT environments. This paper introduces LMSA (Lightweight Multi-Key Secure Aggregation), a novel framework designed to address these challenges and enable efficient, secure federated learning across distributed healthcare institutions. LMSA incorporates three key innovations: (1) a lightweight multi-key management system leveraging Diffie-Hellman… More >

Sung-Jung Hsiao¹, Wen-Tsai Sung^2,*

Computer Systems Science and Engineering, Vol.45, No.2, pp. 1063-1081, 2023, DOI:10.32604/csse.2023.028438 - 03 November 2022

Abstract The Internet of Things has grown rapidly in recent years, and the technologies related to it have been widely used in various fields. The idea of this paper is to build a set of Internet of Things systems in a smart home wireless network environment, with the purpose of providing people with a more comfortable, convenient, and safe life. In the sensing layer of the Internet of Things, we discuss the uses of common sensing technologies on the Internet and combine these with Arduino microprocessors to integrate temperature sensing modules, humidity sensing modules, gas sensing More >

Wen-Tsai Sung¹, Sung-Jung Hsiao^2,*

Computer Systems Science and Engineering, Vol.43, No.1, pp. 59-75, 2022, DOI:10.32604/csse.2022.020745 - 23 March 2022

Abstract With technological and social development in recent decades, people have begun pursuing more comfortable lives that frequently feature household pets that are treated like members of the family. On average, one out of every three households has a pet. This has also led to the creation and growth of many businesses in the pet industry. A few companies have developed a system that allows busy office workers to remotely care for pets at home based on the Internet of Things and an intelligent adjustment function. As owners of two dogs, the authors of this study… More >

Wen-Tsai Sung¹, Ihzany Vilia Devi¹, Sung-Jung Hsiao^2,*, Fathria Nurul Fadillah¹

Intelligent Automation & Soft Computing, Vol.32, No.3, pp. 1387-1401, 2022, DOI:10.32604/iasc.2022.022828 - 09 December 2021

Abstract Waste management and monitoring is a major concern in the context of the environment, and has a significant impact on human health. The concept of the Artificial Intelligence of Things (AIoT) can help people in everyday tasks in life. This study proposes a smart trash bin to help solve the problem of waste management and monitoring. Traditional methods of garbage disposal require human labor, and pose a hazard to the worker. The proposed smart garbage bin can move itself by using ultrasonic sensors and a web camera, which serves as its “eyes.” Because the smart More >

Wen-Tsai Sung¹, Sung-Jung Hsiao^2,*, Chung-Yen Hsiao¹

Intelligent Automation & Soft Computing, Vol.31, No.2, pp. 1223-1240, 2022, DOI:10.32604/iasc.2022.020746 - 22 September 2021

Abstract This research is based on the system architecture of Edge Computing in the AIoT (Artificial Intelligence & Internet of Things) field. In terms of receiving data, the authors proposed approach employed the camera module as the video source, the ultrasound module as the distance measurement source, and then compile C++ with Raspberry Pi 4B for image lane analysis, while Jetson Nano uses the YOLOv3 algorithm for image object detection. The analysis results of the two single-board computers are transmitted to Motoduino U1 in binary form via GPIO, which is used for data integration and load… More >

Hye-Min Kwon¹, Seng-Phil Hong², Mingoo Kang¹, Jeongwook Seo^1,*

CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.70, No.1, pp. 1769-1780, 2022, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2022.020027 - 07 September 2021

Abstract To provide Artificial Intelligence (AI) services such as object detection, Internet of Things (IoT) sensor devices should be able to send a large amount of data such as images and videos. However, this inevitably causes IoT networks to be severely overloaded. In this paper, therefore, we propose a novel oneM2M-compliant Artificial Intelligence of Things (AIoT) system for reducing overall data traffic and offering object detection. It consists of some IoT sensor devices with random sampling functions controlled by a compressed sensing (CS) rate, an IoT edge gateway with CS recovery and domain transform functions related… More >