Ana Hermosilla^1,2,*, Jorge Gallego-Madrid¹, Pedro Martinez-Julia³, Jordi Ortiz⁴, Ved P. Kafle³, Antonio Skarmeta^1,2

CMES-Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences, Vol.141, No.2, pp. 1447-1471, 2024, DOI:10.32604/cmes.2024.053379 - 27 September 2024

Abstract As 5th Generation (5G) and Beyond 5G (B5G) networks become increasingly prevalent, ensuring not only network security but also the security and reliability of the applications, the so-called network applications, becomes of paramount importance. This paper introduces a novel integrated model architecture, combining a network application validation framework with an AI-driven reactive system to enhance security in real-time. The proposed model leverages machine learning (ML) and artificial intelligence (AI) to dynamically monitor and respond to security threats, effectively mitigating potential risks before they impact the network infrastructure. This dual approach not only validates the functionality… More >

R. Mahaveerakannan¹, Thanarajan Tamilvizhi^2,*, Sonia Jenifer Rayen³, Osamah Ibrahim Khalaf⁴, Habib Hamam^5,6,7,8

CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.80, No.3, pp. 3945-3966, 2024, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2024.051611 - 12 September 2024

Abstract The demands on conventional communication networks are increasing rapidly because of the exponential expansion of connected multimedia content. In light of the data-centric aspect of contemporary communication, the information-centric network (ICN) paradigm offers hope for a solution by emphasizing content retrieval by name instead of location. If 5G networks are to meet the expected data demand surge from expanded connectivity and Internet of Things (IoT) devices, then effective caching solutions will be required to maximize network throughput and minimize the use of resources. Hence, an ICN-based Cooperative Caching (ICN-CoC) technique has been used to select… More >

Huanhuan Li^1,2,*, Hongchang Wei², Zheliang Chen², Yue Xu³

CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.80, No.2, pp. 2199-2219, 2024, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2024.052155 - 15 August 2024

Abstract The current resource allocation in 5G vehicular networks for mobile cloud communication faces several challenges, such as low user utilization, unbalanced resource allocation, and extended adaptive allocation time. We propose an adaptive allocation algorithm for mobile cloud communication resources in 5G vehicular networks to address these issues. This study analyzes the components of the 5G vehicular network architecture to determine the performance of different components. It is ascertained that the communication modes in 5G vehicular networks for mobile cloud communication include in-band and out-of-band modes. Furthermore, this study analyzes the single-hop and multi-hop modes in… More >

Pablo Fernández Saura^1,*, José M. Bernabé Murcia¹, Emilio García de la Calera Molina¹, Alejandro Molina Zarca², Jorge Bernal Bernabé¹, Antonio F. Skarmeta Gómez¹

CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.80, No.1, pp. 163-193, 2024, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2024.051307 - 18 July 2024

Abstract The management of network intelligence in Beyond 5G (B5G) networks encompasses the complex challenges of scalability, dynamicity, interoperability, privacy, and security. These are essential steps towards achieving the realization of truly ubiquitous Artificial Intelligence (AI)-based analytics, empowering seamless integration across the entire Continuum (Edge, Fog, Core, Cloud). This paper introduces a Federated Network Intelligence Orchestration approach aimed at scalable and automated Federated Learning (FL)-based anomaly detection in B5G networks. By leveraging a horizontal Federated learning approach based on the FedAvg aggregation algorithm, which employs a deep autoencoder model trained on non-anomalous traffic samples to recognize… More >

Amel Ali Alhussan¹, S. K. Towfek^2,*

CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.80, No.1, pp. 1179-1201, 2024, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2024.049874 - 18 July 2024

Abstract In the contemporary world of highly efficient technological development, fifth-generation technology (5G) is seen as a vital step forward with theoretical maximum download speeds of up to twenty gigabits per second (Gbps). As far as the current implementations are concerned, they are at the level of slightly below 1 Gbps, but this allowed a great leap forward from fourth generation technology (4G), as well as enabling significantly reduced latency, making 5G an absolute necessity for applications such as gaming, virtual conferencing, and other interactive electronic processes. Prospects of this change are not limited to connectivity… More >

Lassaad K. Smirani¹, Leila Jamel^2,*, Latifah Almuqren²

CMES-Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences, Vol.140, No.2, pp. 1315-1337, 2024, DOI:10.32604/cmes.2024.047551 - 20 May 2024

Abstract This study presents a layered generalization ensemble model for next generation radio mobiles, focusing on supervised channel estimation approaches. Channel estimation typically involves the insertion of pilot symbols with a well-balanced rhythm and suitable layout. The model, called Stacked Generalization for Channel Estimation (SGCE), aims to enhance channel estimation performance by eliminating pilot insertion and improving throughput. The SGCE model incorporates six machine learning methods: random forest (RF), gradient boosting machine (GB), light gradient boosting machine (LGBM), support vector regression (SVR), extremely randomized tree (ERT), and extreme gradient boosting (XGB). By generating meta-data from five… More >

K. B. Ajeyprasaath, P. Vetrivelan^*

CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.78, No.3, pp. 3195-3213, 2024, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2023.046911 - 26 March 2024

Abstract Video streaming applications have grown considerably in recent years. As a result, this becomes one of the most significant contributors to global internet traffic. According to recent studies, the telecommunications industry loses millions of dollars due to poor video Quality of Experience (QoE) for users. Among the standard proposals for standardizing the quality of video streaming over internet service providers (ISPs) is the Mean Opinion Score (MOS). However, the accurate finding of QoE by MOS is subjective and laborious, and it varies depending on the user. A fully automated data analytics framework is required to… More >

Xingwang Li^1,2, Hua Pang¹, Geng Li^1,*, Junjie Jiang¹, Hui Zhang³, Changfei Gu⁴, Dong Yuan⁴

CMES-Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences, Vol.139, No.2, pp. 1135-1166, 2024, DOI:10.32604/cmes.2023.031534 - 29 January 2024

Abstract The development of the fifth-generation (5G) mobile communication systems has entered the commercialization stage. 5G has a high data rate, low latency, and high reliability that can meet the basic demands of most industries and daily life, such as the Internet of Things (IoT), intelligent transportation systems, positioning, and navigation. The continuous progress and development of society have aroused wide concern. Positioning accuracy is the core demand for the applications, especially in complex environments such as airports, warehouses, supermarkets, and basements. However, many factors also affect the accuracy of positioning in those environments, for example, More >

Shimaa M. Amer¹, Ashraf A. M. Khalaf², Amr H. Hussein^3,4, Salman A. Alqahtani⁵, Mostafa H. Dahshan⁶, Hossam M. Kassem^3,4,*

CMES-Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences, Vol.138, No.3, pp. 2749-2767, 2024, DOI:10.32604/cmes.2023.029138 - 15 December 2023

Abstract Side lobe level reduction (SLL) of antenna arrays significantly enhances the signal-to-interference ratio and improves the quality of service (QOS) in recent and future wireless communication systems starting from 5G up to 7G. Furthermore, it improves the array gain and directivity, increasing the detection range and angular resolution of radar systems. This study proposes two highly efficient SLL reduction techniques. These techniques are based on the hybridization between either the single convolution or the double convolution algorithms and the genetic algorithm (GA) to develop the Conv/GA and DConv/GA, respectively. The convolution process determines the element’s… More >

Xiaoli Li, Tongtong Jiao^#, Jinfeng Ma, Dongxing Duan, Shengbin Liang^#,*

CMES-Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences, Vol.138, No.1, pp. 595-617, 2024, DOI:10.32604/cmes.2023.029367 - 22 September 2023

Abstract In view of the complex marine environment of navigation, especially in the case of multiple static and dynamic obstacles, the traditional obstacle avoidance algorithms applied to unmanned surface vehicles (USV) are prone to fall into the trap of local optimization. Therefore, this paper proposes an improved artificial potential field (APF) algorithm, which uses 5G communication technology to communicate between the USV and the control center. The algorithm introduces the USV discrimination mechanism to avoid the USV falling into local optimization when the USV encounter different obstacles in different scenarios. Considering the various scenarios between the… More > Graphic Abstract