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  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    A Hybrid Experimental-Numerical Framework for Identifying Viscoelastic Parameters of 3D-Printed Polyurethane Samples: Cyclic Tests, Creep/Relaxation and Inverse Finite Element Analysis

    Nikita Golovkin1,2, Olesya Nikulenkova3, Vsevolod Pobezhimov1, Alexander Nesmelov1, Sergei Chvalun1, Fedor Sorokin3, Arthur Krupnin1,3,*

    CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.86, No.3, 2026, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2025.073161 - 12 January 2026

    Abstract This study presents and verifies a hybrid methodology for reliable determination of parameters in structural rheological models (Zener, Burgers, and Maxwell) describing the viscoelastic behavior of polyurethane specimens manufactured using extrusion-based 3D printing. Through comprehensive testing, including cyclic compression at strain rates ranging from 0.12 to 120 mm/min (0%–15% strain) and creep/relaxation experiments (10%–30% strain), the lumped parameters were independently determined using both analytical and numerical solutions of the models’ differential equations, followed by cross-verification in additional experiments. Numerical solutions for creep and relaxation problems were obtained using finite element analysis, with the three-parameter Mooney-Rivlin… More > Graphic Abstract

    A Hybrid Experimental-Numerical Framework for Identifying Viscoelastic Parameters of 3D-Printed Polyurethane Samples: Cyclic Tests, Creep/Relaxation and Inverse Finite Element Analysis

  • Open Access

    REVIEW

    3D Printing of Organic and Biological Materials

    Priyadarshini Patel, Komal Parmar*

    FDMP-Fluid Dynamics & Materials Processing, Vol.21, No.12, pp. 2855-2903, 2025, DOI:10.32604/fdmp.2025.069428 - 31 December 2025

    Abstract Tissue engineering has advanced remarkably in developing functional tissue substitutes for pharmaceutical and regenerative applications. Among emerging technologies, three-dimensional (3D) printing, or additive manufacturing, enables precise fabrication of biocompatible materials, living cells, and scaffolds into complex, viable constructs. Within regenerative medicine, 3D bioprinting addresses the growing demand for transplantable tissues and organs by assembling biological materials that replicate native architectures. This paper reviews biomaterials used in 3D bioprinting, emphasizing how their rheological behavior, particularly viscoelasticity and thixotropy, governs printability, structural fidelity, and cellular viability. The advantages and limitations of natural, synthetic, and composite bioinks are More > Graphic Abstract

    3D Printing of Organic and Biological Materials

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    Behavior of Sandwich Glued Laminated Bamboo Structures with a Core Formed by Bioplastic Fiber Using 3D Printing Technology

    Nattawat Mahasuwanchai, Thippakorn Udtaranakron, Kasan Chanto, Tawich Pulngern*

    Journal of Renewable Materials, Vol.13, No.12, pp. 2453-2478, 2025, DOI:10.32604/jrm.2025.02025-0137 - 23 December 2025

    Abstract This research investigates the behavior of sandwich glued laminated bamboo (Glubam) structures with a core formed by biodegradable plastic fibers, specifically polylactic acid (PLA), fabricated using 3D printing technology. The influence of various fiber printing orientations (0° and 45/135°) on tensile and compressive properties was investigated. The experimental results indicated that polylactic acid with calcium carbonate (PLA+) printed unidirectionally and aligned with the loading direction (0°) exhibits superior tensile and compressive strengths compared to specimens printed bidirectionally at 45/135°. Furthermore, the effect of additives on bioplastics of carbon fiber (PLA-CF) and glass fiber (PLA-GF) additives… More > Graphic Abstract

    Behavior of Sandwich Glued Laminated Bamboo Structures with a Core Formed by Bioplastic Fiber Using 3D Printing Technology

  • Open Access

    PROCEEDINGS

    Vat Photopolymerization 3D Printing of NiO-YSZ Anode for Solid Oxide Fuel Cells

    Jinsi Yuan, Haijiang Wang*, Jiaming Bai*

    The International Conference on Computational & Experimental Engineering and Sciences, Vol.33, No.4, pp. 1-2, 2025, DOI:10.32604/icces.2025.011073

    Abstract Solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs) have attracted considerable attention for their high efficiency, environmental advantages, and versatility in fuel sources. Research has shown that optimizing the structure of SOFCs can lead to significant performance improvements. Additive manufacturing (AM) has emerged as a promising technology for geometrical optimization of SOFCs, owing to its capability to create complex and programmable structures. However, fabricating three-dimensional electrode structures with fine, highly resolved features remains a significant challenge. Herein, a vat photopolymerization (VPP) 3D printing process was developed for fabricating the Nickel Oxide-Yttria Stabilized Zirconia (NiO-YSZ) anode structure of SOFC.… More >

  • Open Access

    PROCEEDINGS

    AI-Assisted Generative Inverse Design of Heterogeneous Meta-Biomaterials Based on TPMS for Biomimetic Tissue Engineering

    Xiaolong Zhu, Feng Chen, Yuntian Chen, Wei Zhu, Xiaoxiao Han*

    The International Conference on Computational & Experimental Engineering and Sciences, Vol.33, No.3, pp. 1-1, 2025, DOI:10.32604/icces.2025.012584

    Abstract Human tissues and organs exhibit not only intricate anatomical architectures but also spatially heterogeneous distributions of elastic modulus—for example, between cancellous and cortical bone, across the epidermis, dermis, and subcutaneous layers, and between healthy and fibrotic liver tissues. Conventional biomaterials often fail to replicate such mechanical heterogeneity, thereby limiting their capacity to recreate biomimetic physiological microenvironments essential for applications like tissue regeneration and disease modeling. Meta-biomaterials, artificially engineered through the rational structural design of continuous materials, have emerged as a promising class of materials owing to their highly tunable mechanical and biological properties. These attributes… More >

  • Open Access

    PROCEEDINGS

    3D Printing of Complex Micro-Macrostructure Composites with Enhanced Mechanical Properties

    Lizhi Guan1,2,*

    The International Conference on Computational & Experimental Engineering and Sciences, Vol.33, No.3, pp. 1-1, 2025, DOI:10.32604/icces.2025.012356

    Abstract Complex hierarchical structure in nature with remarkable performances of such as lightweight, high stiffness and strength, and so on, has inspired researchers designing and fabricating aligned structures for reinforced composites. Conventional techniques like freeze-casting, self-assembly, wet-spinning, shear force, electric, and magnetic field have been demonstrated to achieve excellent reinforced structures. Still, they are limited to microstructure control and small-sized samples. While 3D printing techniques enable to achieve a large diversity of dimensions, multimaterial and multifunctional 3D structures. Particularly, recent 3D printing combined with external force e.g., shear force, magnetic and electrical field has been employed… More >

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    The Effect of Alkalization Fiber on Mechanical, Microstructure, and Thermal Properties of Sugarcane Bagasse Fiber Reinforced PLA Biocomposite

    Mochamad Asrofi1,*, Muhammad Oktaviano Putra Hastu1, Muhammad Luthfi Al Anshori1, Feyza Igra Harda Putra1, Revvan Rifada Pradiza1, Haris Setyawan1, Muhammad Yusuf1, Mhd Siswanto1, R.A. Ilyas2,3, Muhammad Asyraf Muhammad Rizal3, Salit Mohd Sapuan4, Victor Feizal Knight5, Mohd Nor Faiz Norrrahim5

    Journal of Renewable Materials, Vol.13, No.10, pp. 1979-1992, 2025, DOI:10.32604/jrm.2025.02025-0033 - 22 October 2025

    Abstract Biocomposites are one of the environmentally friendly materials as a substitute for synthetic plastics used for various applications in the automotive, household appliances industry, and interiors. In this study, biocomposites from Polylactic Acid (PLA) and sugarcane bagasse fibers (SBF) were made using the 3D Printing method. The effect of alkalization with NaOH of 0 (untreated), 4%, 6%, and 8% of the fibers were studied. The SBF in PLA was kept at 2% v/v from the total biocomposite. The characterization of all biocomposite tested using tensile, flexural, impact, scanning electron microscope (SEM), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), and Fourier… More > Graphic Abstract

    The Effect of Alkalization Fiber on Mechanical, Microstructure, and Thermal Properties of Sugarcane Bagasse Fiber Reinforced PLA Biocomposite

  • Open Access

    PROCEEDINGS

    Cryogenic 3D Printing: A New Approach to Produce Hard Polyester-Based Tissue Engineering Scaffolds with In Situ Dual Delivery of Growth Factors and Cells

    Chong Wang*

    The International Conference on Computational & Experimental Engineering and Sciences, Vol.33, No.1, pp. 1-1, 2025, DOI:10.32604/icces.2025.012164

    Abstract Please Creating mechanically robust tissue engineering scaffolds capable of delivering growth factors and stem cells in situ for hard tissue repair remains a significant challenge. Inspired by the spiral structure of ice cream, our group developed an advanced 3D printing technique known as cryogenic 3D printing to fabricate polyester-based scaffolds with embedded growth factors. This method utilizes water-in-oil (w/o) polyester emulsions containing growth factors as the printing ink, which is patterned onto a cryogenic substrate. The resulting scaffolds feature a hierarchically porous structure, allowing mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) to easily attach and proliferate. Additionally, the… More >

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    Ultrasonic Welding of Similar/Dissimilar MEX-3D Printed Parts Considering Energy Director Shape, Infill, Welding Time and Amplitude

    Vivek Kumar Tiwary1,*, Arunkumar P.1, Vinayak R. Malik1,2

    CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.84, No.3, pp. 5111-5131, 2025, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2025.066129 - 30 July 2025

    Abstract Additive manufacturing (AM), a key technology in the evolution of Industry 4.0, has revolutionized production processes by enabling the precise, layer-by-layer fabrication of complex and customized components, enhancing efficiency and flexibility in smart manufacturing systems. However, one significant challenge hindering the acceptance of this technology is the limited print size, constrained by the machine’s small bed. To address this issue, a suitable polymer joining technique could be applied as a post-fabrication step. The present article examines findings on the Ultrasonic Welding (UW) of Material Extrusion (MEX)-3D printed parts made from commonly used thermoplastics, Acrylonitrile Butadiene… More >

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    Effect of Design Parameters on the Properties of PLA Biocomposites Fabricated via Fused Filament Deposition

    Martha L. Sánchez1,*, Luz Y. Morales1, Gil Capote2

    Journal of Renewable Materials, Vol.13, No.7, pp. 1413-1437, 2025, DOI:10.32604/jrm.2025.02025-0028 - 22 July 2025

    Abstract The use of additive manufacturing techniques in the development of unconventional materials can help reduce the environmental impact of traditional construction materials. In this paper, the properties of a 3D-printed biocomposite were evaluated. Biofilaments obtained by mixing pulverized bamboo fibers with polylactic acid (PLA) resin were extruded during the manufacturing process. To assess the effect of incorporating plant fibers, an analysis was conducted on the morphology, elemental chemical composition, crystallinity index, principal functional groups, thermal stability, surface roughness, microhardness, density, tensile strength, elastic modulus, and strain percentage of reinforced samples. The results were compared with… More >

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