Open Access

ARTICLE

Comparative Effectiveness of Rhizophagus irregularis and Compost vs. Conventional Chemical Fertilizers in Managing Verticillium dahliae: A Sustainable Agriculture Approach

Fatima-Ezzahra Soussani^1,2,3, Youssef Ait Rahou^1,2,4, Chayma Ikan^1,2, Allal Douira³, Rachid Benkirane³, Essaid Ait Barka⁵, Rachid Lahlali^6,*, Abdelilah Meddich^1,2,7,*

1 Centre d’Agrobiotechnologie et Bioingénierie, Unité de Recherche labellisée CNRST (Centre AgroBiotech-URL-CNRST-05), Université Cadi Ayyad, Marrakech, 40000, Morocco
2 Laboratory of Agro-Food, Biotechnologies and Valorization of Plant Bioresources (AGROBIOVAL), Department of Biology, Faculty of Science Semlalia, Cadi Ayyad University (UCA), Marrakech, 40000, Morocco
3 Plant, Animal Productions and Agro-Industry Laboratory, Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Ibn Tofail University, B.P. 133, Kenitra, 14000, Morocco
4 Higher Institute of Nursing Professions and Health Techniques, Ministry of Health, Ouarzazate, 45000, Morocco
5 Unité de Recherche Résistance Induite et Bioprotection des Plantes, Université de Reims Champagne Ardenne, USC 1488, Reims, 51100, France
6 Department of Plant Protection, Phytopathology Unit, Ecole Nationale d’Agriculture de Meknès, Meknès, 50001, Morocco
7 African Sustainable Agriculture Research Institute (ASARI), Mohammed VI Polytechnic University (UM6P), Laayoune, 70000, Morocco

* Corresponding Authors: Rachid Lahlali. Email: ; Abdelilah Meddich. Email: