Open Access

ARTICLE

In Vitro Propagation and Artificial Seed Production of Fritillaria cirrhosa D. Don, an Endangered Medicinal Plant

Qian Tao, Guiqi Han, Bujin Ma, Hongmei Jia, Can Zhao, Wenshang Li, Zhuyun Yan^*

Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Characteristic Chinese Medicine Resources in Southwest China, Chengdu, 610000, China

* Corresponding Author: Zhuyun Yan. Email:

Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany 2024, 93(6), 1297-1310. https://doi.org/10.32604/phyton.2024.051923

Received 18 March 2024; Accepted 20 May 2024; Issue published 27 June 2024

Abstract

Fritillaria cirrhosa D. Don (Liliaceae) is an endangered perennial bulbous plant and its dry bulb is a valuable medicinal material with antitussive and expectorant effects. Nevertheless, lack of resources and expensive prices make it difficult to meet clinical needs. This study presents a regeneration system aimed at overcoming the challenge of inadequate supply in F. cirrhosa, focusing on: (1) callus induction, (2) bulblets and adventitious bud induction, and (3) artificial seed production. Callus development was achieved in 84.93% on Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium fortified with 1.0 mg·L picloram. The optimal medium for callus differentiation into regenerated bulblets was MS medium supplemented with 1.0 mg·L 6-benzyladenine (6-BA) and 0.2 mg·L α-naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA). Subsequently, bulblets and adventitious buds were induced from regenerated bulblet sections cultured on MS medium fortified with 0.3 mg·L 6-BA + 1.0 mg·L 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D), 2.0 mg·L 6-BA + 0.5 mg·L, and the induction rates were 88.17% and 84.24%, respectively. The regenerated bulblets were transplanted into a substrate of humus soil, river sand, and pearlite (1:1:1) after low-temperature treatment. The germination rate was 42.80% after culture for 30 days. Regenerated bulblets were used for encapsulations in liquid MS medium containing 3% sucrose (w/v) + 0.5 mg·L NAA + 2.0 mg·L 6-BA + 3% sodium alginate (w/v) with a 10 min exposure to 2% CaCl. Under non-aseptic conditions, the germination rate reached 81.67%, while the rooting rate was 20.56% after 45 days. The capsule added 1.0 g·L carbendazim and 1.0 g·L activated carbon was the best component of artificial seeds. This study successfully established an efficient regeneration system for the rapid propagation of F. cirrhosa, involving in vitro bulblet regeneration and artificial seed production. This method introduces a novel approach for efficient breeding and germplasm preservation, making it suitable for large-scale industrial resource production.

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Keywords

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Supplementary Material

Supplementary Material File

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