Open Access

ARTICLE

Critical Concentration of Zinc for Increasing Production and Quality of Mangosteen Fruit in West Sumatera, Indonesia

Martias¹, Dewi Fatria², Adha Fatmah Siregar², Raden Heru Praptana^3,*, Antonius Kasno³, Muhammad Prama Yufdy⁴, Riska⁴, Ni Luh Putu Indriyani⁴, Affandi⁴, Tri Budiyanti⁴, Sri Hadiati⁴, Ellina Mansyah⁴, Irwan Muas⁴, Jumjunidang⁴, Mizu Istianto⁴, Djoko Mulyono⁴, Intan Gilang Cempaka⁴, Triyani Dewi⁴, Agus Supriyo³, Bambang Nuryanto³

1 West Sumatera Mangosteen Association, Department of Plantation, Food Crops and Horticulture West Sumatera, Padang, 25157, Indonesia
2 Indonesian Agency for Agricultural Instrument Standardization, Jakarta, 12540, Indonesia
3 Research Center for Food Crops, National Research and Innovation Agency, Bogor, 16911, Indonesia
4 Research Center for Horticulture, National Research and Innovation Agency, Bogor, 16915, Indonesia

* Corresponding Author: Raden Heru Praptana. Email:

(This article belongs to the Special Issue: Influence of Biotic and Abiotic Stresses Signals on Plants and their Performance at Different Environments)

Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany 2024, 93(11), 2767-2786. https://doi.org/10.32604/phyton.2024.055686

Received 04 July 2024; Accepted 09 October 2024; Issue published 30 November 2024

Abstract

West Sumatera is one of the largest mangosteen production centers in Indonesia. After the 2019 harvest season, there were variations in fruit production and quality which indicated symptoms of zinc (Zn) deficiency. This study evaluates the status of Zn for increasing the production and quality of mangosteen fruit Ratu Kamang cv. The study was conducting using the observation method in Lima Puluh Kota, West Sumatera from January to December 2020. This study used ten mangosteen trees aged 23 years in three locations selected purposively. Parameters observed included soil properties, leaf nutrients, number of fruits; fruit, rind, aril and seed weights, percentage of fruit scars (FS) and percentage of fruit contaminated with yellow sap (YSC). The relationship between Zn concentration in leaves and fruit production and quality was analyzed using Pearson’s correlation and regression models. The results showed that Zn played a role in increasing the production and quality of mangosteen fruit at certain concentration ranges in the leaves. Zinc concentrations of 23.45–30.00 mg/kg play a role in increasing production, while Zn concentrations of 26.29–30.29 mg/kg play a role in increasing quality. The lowest incidence of FS and YSC was found in trees with Zn concentration in the leaves between 30.00–32.00 mg/kg. Zinc concentration in the leaves of 30.00 mg/kg was the critical concentration in increasing the production and quality of mangosteen fruit under local cultivation conditions. Zinc has an antagonistic relationship to iron (Fe) and copper (Cu) in leaf tissue.

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