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Home / Journals / PHYTON / Vol.93, No.10, 2024
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On the Cover

Green plants emerge from the soil, their roots intertwine, and microbial communities hide in them, weaving together the symphony of life. This is not only a depiction of natural scenery, but also a metaphor for the profound connotation of the interaction between plants and microbial communities. Plants are far from isolated entities; they thrive within an interconnected web of microbial life, forming a cohesive and adaptive unit known as the holographic.
The concept of holographic biology is reflected here. Plants and microorganisms are no longer isolated organisms. They form an inseparable whole together and have a continuous dialogue with the environment. Microbial communities in the soil, such as bacteria and fungi, are not only partners in plant growth but also a solid backing for them to cope with environmental challenges. The interaction between plants and microbial communities is the key to revealing the stability and resilience of ecosystems.
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  • Open AccessOpen Access

    MINI REVIEW

    Interplay between Plants and Microbial Communities: Insights from Holobionts and Environmental Interactions

    Sejin Choi1,2, Ho-Seok Lee1,2,*
    Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.93, No.10, pp. 2519-2534, 2024, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2024.058012 - 30 October 2024
    （This article belongs to the Special Issue: Plant-Microbiome Interactions: Unlocking the Conversation)
    Abstract Plants interact with a complex network of microorganisms, forming a dynamic holobiont that is crucial for their health, growth, and adaptation. This interconnected system is deeply influenced by environmental factors, which modulate the relationships within the plant microbiome. Key environmental drivers such as light, temperature, and moisture can alter the balance of these interactions, impacting plant immunity, resilience, and overall fitness. The traditional disease triangle model, which emphasizes plant-pathogen-environment interactions, is enhanced by incorporating the role of the microbiome, revealing how microbial communities contribute to disease outcomes. This review highlights the importance of shifting focus More >

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  • Open AccessOpen Access

    ARTICLE

    Effects of Paclobutrazol Seed Priming on Seedlings Quality, Physiological and Bakanae Disease Index Characteristics of Rice (Oryza sativa L.)

    Hossam S. El-Beltagi1,2,*, Mohamed Fathi El-Nady3, Adel A. Rezk1,4, Abdelaziz M. Tahoon5, Mohammed I. Al-Daej1, Dina Abdulmajid6, Mohamed M. El-Mogy7, Elsayed Abd Elmaksoud Abomarzoka8, Sherif Mohamed El-Ganainy7,9, Metwaly Mahfouz Salem Metwaly3
    Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.93, No.10, pp. 2535-2556, 2024, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2024.056734 - 30 October 2024
    （This article belongs to the Special Issue: Influence of Biotic and Abiotic Stresses Signals on Plants and their Performance at Different Environments)
    Abstract Rice (Oryza sativa L.) is one of the most important cereal crops in the world. Bakanae disease is a significant rice disease widely distributed in rice-growing regions worldwide. Therefore, the present investigation aimed to assess the optimal concentrations of paclobutrazol (PBZ) as a treatment for rice grains (cv. Sakha 108) to control bakanae disease, also evaluating its impact on grain germination, seedling growth parameters as well as disease index. Paclobutrazol concentrations had no significant impact on seed germination, regardless of whether the seeds were incubated with Fusarium fujikuroi or not. Application of PBZ, either alone or in… More >

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  • Open AccessOpen Access

    ARTICLE

    Effects of Forest Types on Soil Available Nutrients and Carbon Contents in Coastal Areas, China

    Zirui Chen1,2, Jiale Liu1,2, Haijun Sun1,2,*
    Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.93, No.10, pp. 2557-2569, 2024, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2024.056868 - 30 October 2024
    Abstract Clarifying the soil nutrient dynamics caused by forest type variations in the coastal region helps scientifically to apply fertilizer to forest plantations and enhance the carbon (C) sink capacity. Pure forests of Ligustrum and Metasequoia, as well as their mixed forests, in a coastal region of China were investigated by collecting 0–20 and 20–40 cm soil samples and analyzing their differences in bulk density, water content, pH, soil organic matter (SOM), ammonium (NH4+–N), nitrate (NO3––N) and total nitrogen (TN), available phosphorus (AP) and potassium (AK), microbial biomass C (MBC) and N (MBN), and enzyme activity. The results… More >

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    102

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    ARTICLE

    Integrated Transcriptomics and Metabolomics Analysis for the Mechanism Underlying White-to-Pink Petal Color Transition in Hibiscus mutabilis Flowers

    Xiaodong Shi*, Tingyu Wang, Sui Ai, Jiasi Li
    Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.93, No.10, pp. 2571-2581, 2024, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2024.056606 - 30 October 2024
    （This article belongs to the Special Issue: Plant Secondary Metabolism and Functional Biology)
    Abstract Cotton rose (Hibiscus mutabilis) is a well-known ornamental plant that produces large flowers of vibrant colors. However, metabolites in H. mutabilis flowers with vibrant color have not been fully understood. By performing a combined analysis of metabolomics and transcriptomics data, we here explored mechanisms for the production of primary active compounds in this plant. Multivariate statistics unveiled differences in flavonoid metabolism between white and pink flowers, with pink flowers exhibiting a greater flavonoid abundance. The white-to-pink transition of cotton rose flowers may be attributed to pelargonidin-3-O-glucoside formation. On examining the expression of genes related to the structure More >

    Graphic Abstract

    Integrated Transcriptomics and Metabolomics Analysis for the Mechanism Underlying White-to-Pink Petal Color Transition in <i>Hibiscus mutabilis</i> Flowers

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  • Open AccessOpen Access

    ARTICLE

    The Expression Characteristics and Potential Functions of Heat Shock Factors in Diatom Phaeodactylum tricornutum

    Yanhuan Lin1,#, Jiaxin Feng2,#, Hao Fang2, Wei Huang2, Kanglie Guo2, Xiyan Liu2, Shuqi Wang2, Xiaojuan Liu2,*
    Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.93, No.10, pp. 2583-2596, 2024, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2024.055616 - 30 October 2024
    Abstract Heat shock transcription factor (HSF) are essential regulators of heat shock protein (HSP) gene expression in plants and algae, contributing to their resilience against biotic and abiotic stresses. However, the localization, structure, phylogenetic relationship, and characteristics of PtHSF genes in microalgae, especially in diatom Phaeodactylum tricornutum, remain largely unexplored. This study presents a comprehensive analysis of the PtHSF gene family in P. tricornutum. A genome-wide analysis identified 68 PtHSF genes, which were classified into two distinct subfamilies: traditional and untraditional. Motif and structure analyses revealed evidence of multiple duplication events within the PtHSF gene family. Expression profiling revealed diurnal… More >

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    ARTICLE

    An Efficient Plant Regeneration System for Different Explants of Rare and Endangered Plants in Mussaenda anomala

    Gaoyin Wu1,#, Yundou Pang1,#, Ya Tan1, Zhongcheng Peng1, Shuanggui Geng1, Guanglin Tao2, Qiuying Li1, Shuang Wang1, Lihong Zhang1, Quanyan Tian1, Yingliang Liu1,*
    Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.93, No.10, pp. 2597-2611, 2024, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2024.056875 - 30 October 2024
    （This article belongs to the Special Issue: Microbial Biotechnology Applications on Plant Performance and Physiology for Sustainable Production )
    Abstract To establish an efficient regeneration method for the rare and endangered plant Mussaenda anomala to address problems regarding its reproductive obstacles and scarce populations. In this study, the terminal buds, axillary buds, stem segments with two axillary buds, stem segments with two axillary buds and one terminal bud, and leaves of M. anomala were used as explants. The effects of different explants and disinfection methods, plant growth regulators and substrates on plant regeneration were explored. The following results were obtained: (1) The terminal bud was a suitable explant for M. anomala tissue culture, and the disinfection method utilized… More >

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  • Open AccessOpen Access

    ARTICLE

    Enhanced Ultraviolet‑B Radiation Suppresses Magnaporthe oryzae Infection and Alleviates Its Damage to the Photosynthesis of Rice Leaves

    Qinghao Zhang1, Yijie Yang1, Jiong Wu1, Hongru Li1, Yuan Li1, Zuran Li2,*, Yongmei He1,*
    Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.93, No.10, pp. 2613-2628, 2024, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2024.056014 - 30 October 2024
    （This article belongs to the Special Issue: Photosynthetic Responses to Biotic and Abiotic Stress)
    Abstract In the present study, an indoor potting experiment was conducted to study the effects of enhanced UV-B radiation and Magnaporthe oryzae on the growth, stomatal structure, photosynthesis, and endogenous hormone contents of a traditional rice cultivar Baijiaolaojing in the Yuanyang terraces of Yunnan Province. In addition, the relationships between these parameters and disease indices were analyzed. We aimed to clarify the response of the photosynthetic physiology of rice under the combined stress of UV-B radiation and M. oryzae. Compared with the M. oryzae infection treatment, all the treatments, including M. oryzae infection before (MBR), simultaneously with (MSR), and after… More >

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    84

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    ARTICLE

    The Impact of Varied Fertilizers on the Yield and Quality of Panicum miliaceum under Low Nitrogen Conditions

    Mengyao Wang1,2,3, Jiao Mao1,2,3, Yuanmeng Xu1,2,3, Shu Wang1,2,3, Yuhan Liu1,2,3, Jiangling Ren1,2,3, Sichen Liu1,2,3, Zhijun Qiao1,2,3,*, Xiaoning Cao1,2,3,*
    Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.93, No.10, pp. 2629-2644, 2024, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2024.056157 - 30 October 2024
    （This article belongs to the Special Issue: Integrated Nutrient Management in Cereal Crops)
    Abstract To clarify the response characteristics of broomcorn millet yield and quality to various fertilizers under low nitrogen conditions, the present study investigated the effects of different fertilization treatments, including no fertilization (HCK, CCK), urea (HF1, CF1), phosphate fertilizer (HF2, CF2), compound fertilizer (HF3, CF3), and organic fertilizer (HF4, CF4), on the agronomic traits, quality, and starch pasting properties of proso millet. As experimental materials, non-waxy proso millet (Hequ red proso millet, denoted as HQH) and waxy proso millet (Chishu 1, denoted as CS1) were utilized. The results showed that under low nitrogen conditions, urea treatment… More >

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    105

  • Open AccessOpen Access

    ARTICLE

    Comparative Analysis of Organic and Compound Fertilizers on the Yield and Metabolites of Platostoma palustre

    Suhua Huang1,2, Hao Chen1,2, Fan Wei1,3, Changqian Quan1,3, Meihua Xu1,3, Zhining Chen4, Jingchun Li4, Hongyu Li5, Lijun Shi1,*, Danfeng Tang1,2,3,4,*
    Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.93, No.10, pp. 2645-2662, 2024, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2024.053492 - 30 October 2024
    （This article belongs to the Special Issue: Plant Secondary Metabolism and Functional Biology)
    Abstract To explore the effect of fertilizers on the yield and quality of Platostoma palustre, in this study, P. palustre was utilized as the research material, and field experiments were conducted with different application rates of compound fertilizer and organic fertilizer and non-targeted metabolomics analysis was further employed to compare and analyze the differences in the metabolic components between the compound fertilizer and organic fertilizer treatments. The results of field experiments demonstrated that both compound and organic fertilizers could promote the fresh weight, shade dry weight, and dry weight of P. palustre, with 450 kg hm−2 compound fertilizer and 4500… More >

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    80

  • Open AccessOpen Access

    ARTICLE

    MA-Res U-Net: Design of Soybean Navigation System with Improved U-Net Model

    Qianshuo Liu, Jun Zhao*
    Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.93, No.10, pp. 2663-2681, 2024, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2024.056054 - 30 October 2024
    Abstract Traditional machine vision algorithms have difficulty handling the interference of light and shadow changes, broken rows, and weeds in the complex growth circumstances of soybean fields, which leads to erroneous navigation route segmentation. There are additional shortcomings in the feature extractFion capabilities of the conventional U-Net network. Our suggestion is to utilize an improved U-Net-based method to tackle these difficulties. First, we use ResNet’s powerful feature extraction capabilities to replace the original U-Net encoder. To enhance the concentration on characteristics unique to soybeans, we integrate a multi-scale high-performance attention mechanism. Furthermore, to do multi-scale feature… More >

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