Open Access

ARTICLE

Clonal Transgenerational Effects Transmit for Multiple Generations in a Floating Plant

Xiao-Mei Zhang^1,2, Yu Jin^1,2, Wei Xue², Jun-Qin Gao³, Ning-Fei Lei⁴, Jin-Song Chen^1,*, Fei-Hai Yu^2,*

1 College of Life Science, Sichuan Normal University, Chengdu, 610101, China
2 Institute of Wetland Ecology & Clone Ecology, Taizhou University, Taizhou, 318000, China
3 School of Ecology and Nature Conservation, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, China
4 College of Ecology and Environment, Chengdu University of Technology, Chengdu, 610059, China

* Corresponding Authors: Jin-Song Chen. Email: ; Fei-Hai Yu. Email:

Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany 2023, 92(5), 1589-1601. https://doi.org/10.32604/phyton.2023.027113

Received 14 October 2022; Accepted 22 November 2022; Issue published 09 March 2023

Abstract

Environmental conditions of a parent plant can influence the performance of their clonal offspring, and such clonal transgenerational effects may help offspring adapt to different environments. However, it is still unclear how many vegetative generations clonal transgenerational effects can transmit for and whether it depends on the environmental conditions of the offspring. We grew the ancestor ramets of the floating clonal plant Spirodela polyrhiza under a high and a low nutrient level and obtained the so-called 1^st-generation offspring ramets of two types (from these two environments). Then we grew the 1^st-generation offspring ramets of each type under the high and the low nutrient level and obtained the so-called 2^nd-generation offspring ramets of four types. We repeated this procedure for another five times and analyzed clonal transgenerational effects on growth, morphology and biomass allocation of the 1^st- to the 6^th-generation offspring ramets. We found positive, negative or neutral (no) transgenerational effects of the ancestor nutrient condition on the offspring of S. polyrhiza, depending on the number of vegetative generations, the nutrient condition of the offspring environment and the traits considered. We observed significant clonal transgenerational effects on the 6^th-generation offspring; such effects occurred for all three types of traits (growth, morphology and allocation), but varied depending on the nutrient condition of the offspring environment and the traits considered. Our results suggest that clonal transgenerational effects can transmit for multiple vegetative generations and such impacts can vary depending on the environmental conditions of offspring.

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Keywords

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