Wheat productivity is adversely affected by salt stress, which is associated with a reduction in growth, altered reproductive behavior and enzymatic activity, disrupted photosynthesis, hormonal imbalance, oxidative stress, and yield reductions. Thus, using arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi, plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria, and exogenous application of phytohormones, seed priming, and nutrient management can be important tools to improve wheat performance under salinity stress.
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Mahmoud F. Seleiman1,2,#,*, Muhammad Talha Aslam3,#, Bushra Ahmed Alhammad4, Muhammad Umair Hassan5, Rizwan Maqbool3, Muhammad Umer Chattha3, Imran Khan3, Harun Ireri Gitari6, Omer S. Uslu7, Rana Roy8, Martin Leonardo Battaglia9
Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.91, No.4, pp. 667-694, 2022, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2022.017365
Abstract Salinity stress is a major threat to global food production and its intensity is continuously increasing because of
anthropogenic activities. Wheat is a staple food and a source of carbohydrates and calories for the majority of
people across the globe. However, wheat productivity is adversely affected by salt stress, which is associated with
a reduction in germination, growth, altered reproductive behavior and enzymatic activity, disrupted photosynthesis, hormonal imbalance, oxidative stress, and yield reductions. Thus, a better understanding of wheat (plant)
behavior to salinity stress has essential implications to devise counter and alleviation measures to cope with salt
stress. Different approaches… More >
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Mohammad Saidur Rhaman1,*, Tahjib-Ul-Arif2, Mohammad Golam Kibria3, Anamul Hoque3
Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.91, No.4, pp. 695-711, 2022, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2022.018898
Abstract Socioeconomic development, adaptive capacity of the population, and demographic conditions across the states of South Asia make it more vulnerable to climate change. South Asia is daily going to be more vulnerable to climate change and climatic variability. This region is facing multiple challenges in terms of climate change, dilapidation of ecosystems, and food insecurity. Climate is the primary determining factor for agricultural output, which unswervingly influences food production across the globe. South Asia is mainly an agricultural foundation based region and thus the economy of these regions directly depends on agriculture and agricultural production. Due to the extensive dependence… More >
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Mukhtar Ahmed1,*, Ahmed M. S. Kheir2,3, Muhammad Zeeshan Mehmood1, Shakeel Ahmad4, Mirza Hasanuzzaman5,*
Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.91, No.4, pp. 713-726, 2022, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2022.018552
Abstract Drought is considered one of the leading abiotic constraints to agricultural crop production globally. Present study was conducted to assess the effects of different drought treatments (viz. Control, 10% PEG, and 20% PEG) on seed germination, germination indices, seedling traits, and drought tolerance indices of sesame. Our results showed that maximum reduction in the studied parameters was observed at higher PEG concentration (i.e., 20% PEG). As compared to control, the drought treatments viz. 10% and 20% PEG decreased the values for germination indices, such as germination percentage, coefficient of variation of germination time, germination index, and seedling vigor index. Similarly,… More >
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Wuzhong Yin#, Hongxia Yang#, Yantong Wang, Ping Feng, Yao Deng, Yang Liu, Danyang Chen, Yijie Ban, Weichi Liu, Guanghua He*, Nan Wang*
Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.91, No.4, pp. 727-744, 2022, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2022.017811
（This article belongs to this Special Issue: High-Yield Rice Physiology & Genetics)
Abstract The mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) cascade is important in stress signal transduction and plant development. In the present study, we identified a rice (Oryza sativa L.) mutant with reduced fertility, Oryza sativa
mitogen-activated protein kinase 6 (osmapk6), which harbored a mutated MAPK gene. Scanning and transmission
electron microscopy, quantitative RT-PCR analysis, TUNEL assays, RNA in situ hybridization, longitudinal and
transverse histological sectioning, and map-based cloning were performed to characterize the osmapk6 mutant.
The gene OsMAPK6 was expressed throughout the plant but predominantly in the microspore mother cells, tapetal cells, and microspores in the anther sac. Compared with the wild type,… More >
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Xiwen Shao1, Dongsheng Gai1, Dapeng Gao1, Yanqiu Geng1,*, Liying Guo1,2,*
Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.91, No.4, pp. 745-759, 2022, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2022.018933
（This article belongs to this Special Issue: High-Yield Rice Physiology & Genetics)
Abstract The aim of this study was to investigate carbohydrate metabolism in rice seedlings subjected to salt-alkaline stress. Two relatively salt-alkaline tolerant (Changbai 9) and sensitive (Jinongda 138) rice cultivars, grown hydroponically, were subjected to salt-alkaline stress via 50 mM of salt-alkaline solution. The carbohydrate content and the activities of metabolism-related enzymes in the leaves and roots were investigated. The results showed that the contents of sucrose, fructose, and glucose in the leaves and roots increased under salt-alkaline stress. Starch content increased in the leaves but decreased in the roots under salt-alkaline stress. The activities of sucrose-phosphate synthase, sucrose synthase, amylase,… More >
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Yizhao Huang1, Nannan Li2, Deya Wang4, Jian Du1, Weitang Liu3, Jinxin Wang3,*, Wei Li1,*
Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.91, No.4, pp. 761-772, 2022, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2022.018462
（This article belongs to this Special Issue: Plant Ecophysiology: Recent Trends and Advancements)
Abstract Beckmannia syzigachne is a noxious weed for rice-wheat rotations in China. The B. syzigachne (AH-02) population evolved metabolic resistance to fenoxaprop-P-ethyl and mesosulfuron-methyl. To investigate the function of GT73C1 in this population, the GT73C1 gene was amplified by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction, and the sequence was 100% consistent with the transcriptome data. Its phylogenetic tree was displayed and annotated using FigTree v1.4.4. The plant overexpression vector of GT73C1 gene was constructed and used to transform Brachypodium distachyon plants. Furthermore, the expression of GT73C1 was significantly induced by fenoxaprop-P-ethyl and mesosulfuron-methyl, which was consistent with the findings from the whole plant… More >
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Huaqiao Ding*, Lihui Mao, Qingcheng Zou, Wei Hu, Xuerui Cao, Qing Dong*
Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.91, No.4, pp. 773-789, 2022, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2022.018075
（This article belongs to this Special Issue: Plant Ecophysiology: Recent Trends and Advancements)
Abstract Snapdragon (Antirrhinum majus) is one of the most widely cultivated grass flowers in the world. WRKY transcription factors, VQ proteins and their interactions play crucial roles in plant response to abiotic stresses. However, little is known about WRKY and VQ gene families in snapdragon. In the present study, WRKY and VQ genes and their interactions were comprehensively analyzed in snapdragon using bioinformatics approaches, and their expression in response to drought and cold stresses was examined using real-time PCR. A total of 67 AmWRKY genes were identified in snapdragon, which were classified into different groups or subgroups based on phylogenetic analysis.… More >
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Fen Zhang1, Weili Tian1, Lu Cen1, Litang Lv2, Xiaofang Zeng1, Yulu Chen1, Yichen Zhao2,*, Yan Li1,*
Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.91, No.4, pp. 791-809, 2022, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2022.018104
（This article belongs to this Special Issue: Plant Ecophysiology: Recent Trends and Advancements)
Abstract Duyun Maojian tea is a famous tea in China. In this study, the specific-locus amplified fragment (SLAF) sequencing method was used to analyze the population structure and conduct a genome-wide association study (GWAS) of 2 leaf traits of 123 tea plants in Qiannan, China. A total of 462,019 SLAF tags and 11,362,041 single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) loci were obtained. The results of phylogenetic tree analysis, cluster analysis, and principal component analysis showed that 123 tea germplasms were clustered into three groups, and the heterozygosity rates for Groups I, II, and II were 0.206, 0.224, and 0.34, respectively. Generally, tea germplasms in… More >
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Cunyang Niu, Wenkai Shou, Li Ma, Jianqiang Qian*
Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.91, No.4, pp. 811-825, 2022, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2022.019386
（This article belongs to this Special Issue: Plant Ecophysiology: Recent Trends and Advancements)
Abstract Urban trees are sensitive to extreme weather events under climate change. Freeze-thaw induced hydraulic failure could induce urban tree dieback and nullify the services they provide. Plant height is a simple but significant trait for plant ecological strategies. Understanding how urban trees with different heights adapt to freeze-thaw stress is increasingly important under climate change. We investigated the relationship between tree height and stem hydraulic functional traits of six common urban tree species in North China to explore tree height-related hydraulic strategies to cope with freeze-thaw stress. Results showed that tall trees had wider vessels, higher hydraulic conductivity, more winter… More >
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José Carmen Soto-Correa1, Abraham Saldaña-Vega1, Víctor Hugo Cambrón-Sandoval1, Laura Concostrina-Zubiri2, Mariela Gómez-Romero3,*
Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.91, No.4, pp. 827-840, 2022, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2022.017929
（This article belongs to this Special Issue: The Effect of Soil Quality Degradation on the Plant Growth, Quality and Food Safety in Subtropical Agroforestry Ecosystems)
Abstract Lichens are symbiotic organisms that comprise a fungus and a photosynthetic partner wich are recognized as a good indicator of climate change. However, our understanding of how aridity affects the diversity of saxicolous lichens in drylands is still limited. To evaluate the relationship between saxicolous lichen diversity and aridity in a central México dryland, a geographical transect was established of 100 km to build an aridity gradient in the semiarid zone of the State of Querétaro, Mexico, comprising ten sampling sites with a 10 km separation. Species richness, abundance and diversity of soil lichen species were recorded using two sampling methods: the… More >
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