Open Access

ARTICLE

Diagnosis and Recommendation Integrated System Assessment of the Nutrients Limiting and Nutritional Status of Tomato

Rabia Manzoor^1,*, Mohammad Saleem Akhtar¹, Khalid Saifullah Khan¹, Taqi Raza², Muhammad Ishaq Asif Rehmani³, Carl Rosen⁴, Muhammad Khalil ur Rehman⁵, Nahla Zidan⁶, Fahad M. Alzuaibr⁷, Nisreen M. Abdulsalam⁸, Najla A. Khateeb⁹, Majid Alhomrani^10,11, Abdulhakeem S. Alamri^10,11, Javeed Ahmad Lone¹², Muhammad Ammar Raza¹³, Ayman El Sabag
1 Institute of Soil and Environmental Sciences, Pir Mehr Ali Shah Arid Agriculture University Rawalpindi, Rawalpindi, 46300, Pakistan
2 Department of Biosystems Engineering & Soil Science, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, 37996, USA
3 Department of Agronomy, Ghazi University, Dera Ghazi Khan, 32200, Pakistan
4 Department of Soil, Water, and Climate, University of Minnesota, Sant Paul, 55108, USA
5 Department of Horticultural Sciences, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur, 63100, Pakistan
6 Department of Nutrition and Food Science, Faculty of Home Economics, University of Tabuk, Tabuk, 71491, Saudi Arabia
7 Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Tabuk, Tabuk, 71491, Saudi Arabia
8 Department of Food and Nutrition, Faculty of Human Sciences and Design, King Abdul Aziz University, Jeddah, 21551, Saudi Arabia
9 Clinical Nutrition Department, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Jeddah, 211423, Saudi Arabia
10 Department of Clinical Laboratories Sciences, The Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Taif University, Taif, 21944, Saudi Arabia
11 Centre of Biomedical Sciences Research (CBSR), Deanship of Scientific Research, Taif University, Taif, 21944, Saudi Arabia
12 Mountain Research Centre for Field Crops, Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology, Srinagar, 190025, India
13 College of Food Science and Biotechnology, Key Laboratory of Fruits and Vegetables, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou, 310018, China
14 Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafrelsheikh, 33156, Egypt
* Corresponding Authors: Rabia Manzoor. Email: ; Ayman El Sabagh. Email:
(This article belongs to this Special Issue: The Effect of Soil Quality Degradation on the Plant Growth, Quality and Food Safety in Subtropical Agroforestry Ecosystems)

Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany 2022, 91(12), 2759-2774. https://doi.org/10.32604/phyton.2022.022988

Received 03 April 2022; Accepted 30 May 2022; Issue published 29 August 2022

Abstract

Tomato is an important field crop, and nutritional imbalances frequently reduce its yield. Diagnosis and Recommendation Integrated System (DRIS), uses ratios for nutrient deficiency diagnosis instead of absolute concentration in plant tests. In this study, local DRIS norms for the field tomatoes were established and the nutrient(s) limiting tomatoes yield were determined. Tomato leaves were analyzed for nutrients, to identify nutritional status using the DRIS approach. One hundred tomatoes fields were selected from Chatter Plain Khyber Pakhtunkhwa and the Sheikupura Punjab Pakistan. The first fully matured leaf was sampled, rinsed, dried and ground for analyzing P, K, Ca, Mg, Cu, Fe, Mn and Zn using an Inductively Coupled Plasma Atomic Emission Spectrophotometer (ICP AES). Plant tissue N and S were measured by the combustion method. The tomatoes yields were recorded at each location. The data were divided into high-yielding (≥3.79 kg/10 plant) and low-yielding (<3.79 kg/10 plant) populations and norms were computed using standard DRIS procedures. High-yielding plant population had a statistically greater mean S and Fe than the low-yielding population. The average balance index, the sum of functions, for S and Fe were −11.04 and −5.17 which reflected deficiency of S and Fe. Plant nutrients norms established may optimize plant nutrition in field tomatoes for high yield.

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Keywords

DRIS; macro and micro nutrients; nutrients norms; plant population; tomato production

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