Tree peony is a popular traditional flower, which is known as the king of flowers in China. Relatively poor in vitro rooting has limited the its large-scale commercial production. In this study, a transcriptome sequencing analysis was performed to screen and identify DEGs and the associated metabolic pathways at different stages of tree peony root development under sandy loam cultivation. Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway enrichment analyses revealed many of the DEGs were involved in auxin metabolism. Which proved that auxin and the related genes were revealed to be important for the induction and formation of roots in tree peony. Then we screened and verified their functions of the rooting-related genes PsIAA27 and PsARF19. The qRT-PCR analysis and functional verification indicated that the expressions of PsARF19 and PsIAA27 in tree peony seedlings, cuttings and grafted seedlings were significant different. PsARF19 promoted root development, it might be a regulatory gene related to the formation of tree peony roots, while PsIAA27 inhibited lateral root development, and it might be involved in controlling auxin sensitivity during root formation. The results of this study may form the basis of future investigations on the mechanism mediating peony root formation. The transcriptome data will be an excellent resource for researchers interested in characterizing the rooting-related tree peony genes.
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Yulan Hu1, Lulu Zhi1, Ping Li1, John T. Hancock2, Xiangyang Hu1,*
Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.91, No.12, pp. 2591-2605, 2022, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2022.023733
Abstract In nature, plants are constantly affected by adverse conditions. Unlike animals, plants can resist these adverse stresses only by insisting on their original positions. Stress can be divided into biological stress and abiotic stress, abiotic stress directly affects the growth, development and yield of plants, it spans all developmental stages from seed germination to senescence. In order to adapt to changing environment, plants have evolved well-developed mechanisms that help to perceive the stress signals and enable optimal growth response. Salicylic acid (SA) is an important endogenous signal molecule in plants, which not only regulate some plant growth and development processes,… More >
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Linxue Shang1,2,3,#, Dandan Ma4,#, Sidan Hong1,2,3,#, Yu Zhao1,2,3,#, Guozhe Zhang1,2,3,#, Qingqing Ma1,2,3, Qun Wang1,2,3,*, Cuihua Gu1,2,3,*
Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.91, No.12, pp. 2607-2617, 2022, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2022.022485
（This article belongs to this Special Issue: The Effect of Soil Quality Degradation on the Plant Growth, Quality and Food Safety in Subtropical Agroforestry Ecosystems)
Abstract Flower bud differentiation is a key component of plant blooming biology and understanding how it works is vital
for flowering regulation and plant genetic breeding, increasing the number and quality of flowering. Red soil is the
most widely covered soil type in the world, and it is also the most suitable soil type for crape myrtle planting. The
flower buds of crape myrtle (Lagerstroemia indica) planted in red soil were employed as experimental materials in
this study, and the distinct periods of differentiation were identified using stereomicroscopy and paraffin sectioning. We optimized the steps of dehydration, transparency, embedding, sectioning and… More >
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Abraham Lamboro1,*, Xiao Han1, Songnan Yang1, Xueying Li1, Dan Yao2, Baixing Song1, Jun Zhang1,*
Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.91, No.12, pp. 2619-2631, 2022, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2022.021404
（This article belongs to this Special Issue: Integrating Agronomy and Plant Physiology for Improving Crop Production)
Abstract Efficient in vitro plantlet regeneration is an important step to successfully transform genes for the improvement of agronomic traits. A combination of 6-benzylaminopurine (BAP) and thidiazuron (TDZ) plant growth regulators was applied to evaluate shoot regeneration capacity whereas α-naphthalene acetic acid (NAA) combination with 6-benzylaminopurine (BAP), and 2, 4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2, 4-D) with 6-benzylaminopurine were tested to optimize root induction for two peanut cultivars. The result showed combination (BAP with TDZ) was found to be effective in promoting shoot. The highest shoot regeneration frequency (93%) was obtained on a medium supplemented with 4 mg/L BAP and 0.5 mg/L TDZ while an average… More >
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Huijun Jiang1,#, Kaien Zhai3,#, Xiaofan Ye3,#, Tianwei Hu2, Jieming Jiang4, Xiaoqiu Dong1, Weihuai Pan1, Jianwei Pan2, Jianxin Shou1,*
Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.91, No.12, pp. 2633-2648, 2022, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2022.021474
（This article belongs to this Special Issue: High-Yield Rice Physiology & Genetics)
Abstract Grain filling is a crucial process that affects yield in rice (Oryza sativa L.). Auxin biosynthesis and signaling are
closely related to rice yield; therefore, it is important to understand the effects of auxin biosynthesis on rice grain
filling to improve crop yield. In this study, we used physiological and molecular strategies to identify the roles of
auxin in rice grain filling. Exogenous application of auxin (IAA) or auxin analogues (2, 4-D) to young spikelets
and flag leaves improved the seed-setting rate and yield per spike. Furthermore, real-time quantitative PCR assays
confirmed that nine members of the OsYUCCA family of… More >
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Minghui Cui, Limei Lin, Jie Zhang, Xin Song, Shuo Wang, Jing Dong, Xuelei Zhao, Yuehong Long*, Zhaobin Xing*
Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.91, No.12, pp. 2649-2668, 2022, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2022.021631
（This article belongs to this Special Issue: Biotechnology of Plant Secondary Metabolites)
Abstract Mevalonate pyrophosphate decarboxylase is a kind of key enzyme in the terpenoid synthesis pathway in Eleutherococcus senticosus. The results of bisulfite sequencing showed that there were three kinds of samples with a low (0.68%), medium (0.72%) and high (0.79%) DNA methylation ratio in the promoter of MDD in E. senticosus, respectively. The transcriptome sequencing results showed that the expression of MDD in E. senticosus was significantly up-regulated in the types with low DNA methylation ratios of MDD (P < 0.05). There was a significant negative correlation between the saponin content in E. senticosus and the DNA methylation ratio of MDD… More >
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Shengting Rao#, Jia Fang#, Keli Zhao*
Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.91, No.12, pp. 2669-2685, 2022, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2022.022416
（This article belongs to this Special Issue: The Effect of Soil Quality Degradation on the Plant Growth, Quality and Food Safety in Subtropical Agroforestry Ecosystems)
Abstract
Soil is an essential resource for agricultural production. In order to investigate the pollution situation of heavy metals in the soil-crop system in the e-waste dismantling area, the crop and soil samples (226 pairs, including leaf vegetables, solanaceous vegetables, root vegetables, and fruits) around the e-waste dismantling area in southeastern Zhejiang Province were collected. The concentrations of Cd, Cu, Pb, and Cr were determined. The average concentrations of Cd, Cu, Pb, and Cr in soils were 0.94, 107.79, 80.28, and 78.14 mg kg-1, respectively, and their corresponding concentrations in crops were 0.024, 0.7, 0.041, and 0.06 mg kg-1, respectively. The… More >
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Shahid Hussain*
Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.91, No.12, pp. 2687-2697, 2022, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2022.021158
Abstract Heavy metal(loid) accumulation in agricultural soils is a threat to the soil capacity, quality, and productivity. It also increases human exposure to heavy metal(loid)s via consumption of contaminated plant-based foods. The detrimental effects of soil contamination also deteriorate the environment of plants and animals. For sustainable agriculture, therefore, the soil must be protected from toxic levels of heavy metal(loid)s. Studies on heavy metal(loid) balances in agricultural soils are important in predicting future risks to sustainable production from agro-ecological zones and human exposure to heavy metal(loid)s. The latest and continuous indexing of the problem seems a prerequisite for sustainable agriculture. This… More >
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Dina Swelam1, Abdel Hamid Salem2, Manal Hassan1, Mohammed Ali2,*
Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.91, No.12, pp. 2699-2717, 2022, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2022.022651
（This article belongs to this Special Issue: Integrating Agronomy and Plant Physiology for Improving Crop Production)
Abstract Drought stress (DS) is one of the most critical environmental abiotic stresses for wheat production in the arid environments. Selection of high-yielding genotypes tolerant to DS can play a significant role in mitigation the negative impacts associated with DS. In the present study, generation means analysis (GMA) was used to study the performance of two crosses under well irrigation (WI) and deficit irrigation [cross I (Line 44 × Shandweel-1) and cross II (Line 20 × Sakha 93)]. Significant differences were observed for days to heading (DH), days to maturity (DM), plant height (PH), spike length (SL), number of spikes per plant (NS/P), number of… More >
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Yuebo Jing*, Jihua Mao, Rongbo Li
Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.91, No.12, pp. 2719-2732, 2022, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2022.021989
（This article belongs to this Special Issue: Mycorrhizal Fungi and Sustainable Development of Agriculture)
Abstract Olive (Olea europaea L.) is one of the most important and widely cultivated fruit trees, with high economic, ecological, cultural and scientific value. China began introducing and cultivating olive in the 1960s, and Yunnan Province is one of the main growing areas. Improving the cultivation and productivity of this tree crop species is an
important challenge. Olive is a typical mycotrophic species and the potential of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi
(AMF) for this plant is well recognized; nevertheless, studies of olive AMF in China are still very limited. Roots
and rhizosphere soils of olive were sampled from five representative growing sites… More >
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Iqra Ishaaq1, Muhammad Umer Farooq1,2,3,4,*, Syeda Anjum Tahira2, Rizwana Maqbool1, Celaleddin Barutçular3, Muhammad Yasir5, Saira Bano2, Zaid Ulhassan6, Ghassan Zahid7, Muhammad Ahsan Asghar8, Sajad Hussain9, Kocsy Gabor8, Ulkar Ibrahimova10,11, Jianqing Zhu4, Anshu Rastogi12,*
Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.91, No.12, pp. 2733-2758, 2022, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2022.022094
Abstract Drought is the major detrimental environmental factor for wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) production. The exploration of genetic patterns underlying drought tolerance is of great significance. Here we report the gene actions controlling the phenological traits using the line × tester model studying 27 crosses and 12 parents under normal irrigation and drought conditions. The results interpreted via multiple analysis (mean performance, correlations, principal component, genetic analysis, heterotic and heterobeltiotic potential) disclosed highly significant differences among germplasm. The phenological waxiness traits (glume, boom, and sheath) were strongly interlinked. Flag leaf area exhibits a positive association with peduncle and spike length under… More >
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