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Ling Li^*,#, Xuyu Yan^#
Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.90, No.6, pp. 1559-1572, 2021, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2021.016692 - 28 June 2021
Abstract Alleviating heavy metal pollution in farmland soil, and heavy metal toxicity in plants is the focus of global agricultural environmental research. Melatonin is a kind of indoleamine compound that wide exists in organisms; it is currently known as an endogenous free radical scavenger with the strongest antioxidant effect. As a new plant growth regulator and signaling molecule, melatonin plays an important role in plant resistance to biotic or abiotic stress. Recent studies indicate that melatonin can effectively alleviate heavy metal toxicity in crop plants, which provides a new strategy to minimize heavy metal pollution in… More >

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REVIEW

Mustansar Mubeen¹, Yasir Iftikhar^1,*, Aqleem Abbas², Mazhar Abbas³, Muhammad Zafar-ul-Hye⁴, Ashara Sajid¹, Faheema Bakhtawar¹
Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.90, No.6, pp. 1573-1587, 2021, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2021.016664 - 28 June 2021
Abstract Okra (Abelmoschus esculentus L.) belongs to the Malvaceae family and is one of the most essential and popular vegetables globally. It is rich in proteins, carbohydrates, and vitamins. Abiotic and biotic factors threaten okra productivity. Okra yellow vein mosaic disease (OYVMD) is the most destructive disease of okra. The causal agent, [(i.e., Okra yellow vein mosaic virus (OYVMV)] of this disease belongs to the family Geminiviridae and genus Begomovirus. OYVMV is a monopartite with additional ssDNA molecule. This virus has two components DNA-A for protein coding and DNA-B for symptoms induction. Whitefly transmits OYVMV in persistent manner. Characteristic… More >

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Mengyuan Dong^#, Rong Sun^#, Qianhui Yang, Lantian Zhang, Yangying Yong, Yunxia Fang, Xian Zhang, Xiaoqin Zhang^*, Dawei Xue^*
Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.90, No.6, pp. 1589-1598, 2021, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2021.017465 - 28 June 2021
Abstract In recent years, zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) have been widely used as zinc fertilizers and pesticides. The use of ZnO NPs in this way can provide benefits to humans, but also has potential risks. ZnO NPs inevitably enter the environment during their production and use, which affects the ecological environment and crop growth. In order to investigate the phenotype, physiology, and gene expression of barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) seedlings under ZnO NPs stress, the barely cultivars ZJU3 (P21), Golden Promise (GP) and L23 were chosen for study. Different ZnO NPs concentrations were applied to compare… More >

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Hecui Zhang^1,#, Xiaoping Lian^2,#, Yizhong Zhang¹, Tonghong Zuo¹, Chongmo Yuan¹, Qinqin Xie¹, Liquan Zhu^1,*
Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.90, No.6, pp. 1599-1612, 2021, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2021.015852 - 28 June 2021
Abstract To identify and characterize genes involved in reproductive tissue abscission in Brassica oleracea, the transcript data of pollinated pistil was analyzed. A differentially expressed gene, named BoFAZ1(FLOWER ABSCISSION ZONE1) was identified, which contains one exon and encompass a 139aa. Furthermore, a T-DNA insertion mutant (SALK_302_G01) (faz1 mutant) was obtained from Arabidopsis thaliana mutant library. Floral organ shedding from mutants was delayed and a V-shaped structure in the boundary region between the stalk and torus of the sepal abscission zone was obtained in faz1 mutant. The cell density of this structure was lower than that of the corresponding region in… More >

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Zunaira Sher¹, Muhammad Umair Majid¹, Sameera Hassan¹, Fatima Batool¹, Beenish Aftab^1,2, Bushra Rashid^1,*
Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.90, No.6, pp. 1613-1632, 2021, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2021.016154 - 28 June 2021
Abstract Pakistan is facing the threat of Cotton Leaf Curl Virus (CLCuV) which is transmitted through whitefly to cotton crop. Molecular mechanism of leaf epicuticular wax protects the plants from different pathogens including insect attack and disease transmission. Objective of current study is the isolation and characterization of a wax related gene GaCyPI from Gossypium arboreum under CLCuV infection. A fragment of 475 bp was isolated from the total RNA and 3’ and 5’ RACE-PCR products were arranged by overlapping the extended sequences at both the ends. Deduced protein sequence of GaCyPI showed homology with Cyclophilin cis-trans isomerase… More >

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2014

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1355

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Jie Li¹, Ziyu Zhou², Yun Chen², Qiusheng Yang^1,*, Carlos Alberto Busso^3,*
Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.90, No.6, pp. 1633-1644, 2021, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2021.016795 - 28 June 2021
Abstract The spatial-temporal variation of understory light availability has important influences on species diversity and community assembly. However, the distribution characteristics and influencing factors of understory light availability have not been fully elucidated, especially in temperate deciduous, broad-leaved forests. In this study, the understory light availability was monitored monthly (May–October) in a temperate deciduous, broad-leaved forest in Henan Province, China. Differences in the light availability among different months and habitat types were statistically analyzed using Kruskal–Wallis method, respectively. Partial least squares path modeling (PLS-PM) was used to explore the direct and/or indirect effects of stand structure,… More >

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1302

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Fenni Lv^1,2,#, Sen Wang^3,#, Ruiping Tian¹, Peng Wang², Kang Liu^1,*
Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.90, No.6, pp. 1645-1660, 2021, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2021.016947 - 28 June 2021
（This article belongs to the Special Issue: Plant Ecophysiology: Recent Trends and Advancements)
Abstract Villin (VLN) is considered to be one of the most important actin-binding proteins, participates in modulating the actin cytoskeleton dynamics, plays essential role in plant development and resisting adverse environments. However, systematic studies of the VLN gene family have not been reported in cotton (Gossypium). In this study, 14 GhVLNs were identified in G. hirsutum. These GhVLN genes were distributed in 6 A-subgenome chromosomes and 6 D-subgenome chromosomes of the allotetraploid upland cotton and classified into three phylogenetical groups based on the classification model of AtVLNs. In addition, the 14 GhVLN genes have highly conserved gene structure and motif… More >

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Longsheng Hu, Xinru He, Pujie Wei, Bing Sun, Yongjun Fei, Die Hu^*
Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.90, No.6, pp. 1661-1672, 2021, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2021.015871 - 28 June 2021
（This article belongs to the Special Issue: Plant Ecophysiology: Recent Trends and Advancements)
Abstract Seedlings of Taxus chinensis var. mairei were used as experimental materials to study the adaptation of Piriformospora indica to this plant under water stress. The materials were divided into two groups, namely, with or without inoculation with P. indica. Each group was subjected to four different levels of water stress. Vitality and physiological and biochemical indexes of the roots of T. chinensis var. mairei were regularly measured. Under water stress, T. chinensis var. mairei had significantly decreased root vitality; root vitality was higher in inoculated roots than in uninoculated roots. Under intense water stress, the inoculated roots had a higher soluble sugar… More >

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1212

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Xinru He, Qiong Ding, Bing Sun, Yongjun Fei, Die Hu^*
Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.90, No.6, pp. 1673-1684, 2021, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2021.015617 - 28 June 2021
（This article belongs to the Special Issue: Plant Ecophysiology: Recent Trends and Advancements)
Abstract Four different ratios of river sand, ceramic pellets, vermiculite and perlite (1:1), and field soil were selected as the substrates in this experiment, and four gradient levels of root waterlogging, half waterlogging, full waterlogging and normal were set to investigate the effects of different gradients of waterlogging stress on the root morphology of Taxus chinensis var. mairei seedlings under different substrates. In this study, the root anatomical structure of Taxus chinensis var. mairei under different waterlogging stress was observed by the paraffin section method. The roots of T. chinensis var. mairei were diarch, with no pith and resin canals. There… More >

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2605

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1686

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Jingyuan Yang¹, Jie Zhou¹, Jiaojiao Jin¹, Yi Li², Xia Zhang³, Teng Li³, Mengdi Zhang³, Xiaodong Cai³, Chaodong Yang³, Cunyu Zhou^3,*
Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.90, No.6, pp. 1685-1696, 2021, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2021.015533 - 28 June 2021
（This article belongs to the Special Issue: Plant Ecophysiology: Recent Trends and Advancements)
Abstract Huanglian (Coptis chinensis Franch.) is a slow-growing perennial medicinal herb with considerable economic value. This study aimed to determine the structural characteristics and the levels of berberine deposits in the organs and tissues of Huanglian using light and epifluorescence microscopy. The adventitious roots are composed of primary and secondary structures with endodermis, exodermis, and phellem. The rhizome structures are composed of primary and secondary structures with cuticle and phellem. The leaves are composed of sclerenchymatous rings, isolateral mesophyll, and thin cuticles. We detected berberine in the xylem walls of the roots and rhizomes as well as More >

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1911

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Xihua Liu¹, Min Luo¹, Xiaofei Chen¹, Changjun Ding^2,*
Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.90, No.6, pp. 1697-1709, 2021, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2021.015295 - 28 June 2021
（This article belongs to the Special Issue: Plant Ecophysiology: Recent Trends and Advancements)
Abstract Bamboos are one of the most beautiful and useful plants on Earth. The genetic background and population structure of bamboos are well known, which helps accelerate the process of artificial domestication of bamboo. Partial sequences of six genes involved in nitrogen use efficiency in 32 different bamboo species were analyzed for occurrence of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs). The nucleotide diversity θw and total nucleotide polymorphisms π_T of the sequenced DNA regions was 0.05137 and 0.03332, respectively. Both πnonsyn /πsyn and Ka/Ks values were <1. The nucleotide sequences of these six genes were inferred to be relatively… More >

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1267

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Zhigang Shang^1,2, Yongzhe Zhu³, Xinmei Guo^1,2, Meiai Zhao^1,4,*
Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.90, No.6, pp. 1711-1725, 2021, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2021.015048 - 28 June 2021
（This article belongs to the Special Issue: Plant Physiology for Crop Production and Sustainable Agriculture)
Abstract The development of next generation sequencing (NGS) and high throughput genotyping are important techniques for the QTL mapping and genetic analysis of different crops. High-resolution melting (HRM) is an emerging technology used for detecting single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in various species. However, its use is still limited in maize. The HRM analysis was integrated with SNPs to identify three types of populations (NIL population, RIL population and natural population), and the useful tags were screened. The patterns of temperature-shifted melting curves were investigated from the HRM analysis, and compared these with the kit. Among all 48 More >

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2195

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1385

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Sheila Jazmín Reyes-Zambrano^1,*, Carlos Alberto Lecona-Guzmán¹, Federico Antonio Gutiérrez-Miceli¹, Víctor Manuel Ruiz-Valdiviezo¹, Arely Anayansi Vargas-Díaz²
Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.90, No.6, pp. 1727-1739, 2021, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2021.016171 - 28 June 2021
Abstract Agave americana L. callus were exposed to different concentrations of ethyl methanesulphonate (EMS) 0, 15, 30, 45 and 60 mM and to different times of exposure (2 and 4 h). The viability and capacity of shoot formation were shown to be affected when the callus were exposed to high concentrations (30–60 mM). Only the callus exposed to 15 mM EMS presented shoot formation; the exposure time of two hours produced the largest quantity of shoots regenerated per callus (21 shoots/callus). In order to generate somaclonal variants resistant to Fusarium oxysporum, a selection pressure was applied through of… More >

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1982

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1327

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Eliana Arias-Pérez¹, Carlos Alberto Lecona-Guzmán¹, Federico Antonio Gutiérrez-Miceli¹, Joaquín Adolfo Montes-Molina¹, Nancy Ruiz-Lau^1,2,*
Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.90, No.6, pp. 1741-1748, 2021, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2021.016004 - 28 June 2021
（This article belongs to the Special Issue: Tree Somatic Embryogenesis and Application)
Abstract The present study aimed to develop a protocol for somatic embryogenesis and encapsulation of coffee embryos (Coffea arabica L.), for the conservation of genotypes with characteristics of commercial interest. Somatic embryos were induced from leaf explants in Murashige and Skoog medium (MS) supplemented with 1 mg · L⁻¹ of 2,4-dichlorophenoxiacetic acid (2,4-D) combined with 2 mg · L⁻¹ of benzyladenine (BA). Somatic embryos (SE) at the globular stage were encapsulated in a sodium alginate matrix; two treatments were tested: MS + 5 mg · L⁻¹ BA + 1 mg · L⁻¹ NAA + 3% (w/v) alginate, and MS + 7 mg · L⁻¹ BA + 5.7 mg · L⁻¹ indoleacetic acid (IAA) + 3% (w/v) alginate. Alginate More >

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2052

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1396

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ARTICLE

Mohammed Ali Ashehri^*
Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.90, No.6, pp. 1749-1762, 2021, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2021.016290 - 28 June 2021
（This article belongs to the Special Issue: Therapeutic Efficiency of Phyto-Molecules)
Abstract In most of Arabian courtiers Rhazya stricta is extensively utilized in public medicine for several diseases treatment. In this study, crude alkaloid extract of R. stricta (CAERS) coated with silver nanoparticles (CAERS-AgNPs) as potential treatment against diabetes in DM animal model was evaluated. Swiss albino male rats (n = 80) were injected with STZ to induce Diabetes Mellitus type-2 (DM). DM-rats were injected different doses of CAERS or CAERS-nanoparticles (CAERS-NPs) for 2 months. The results exhibited that mRNA expression of insulin and insulin receptor was down-regulated, activity levels of antioxidant enzymes were decreased, generation of ROS mediated DNA adducts… More >

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2065

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1497