Open Access

ARTICLE

Effects of Exogenous Manganese (Mn) on Mineral Elements, Polyamines and Antioxidants in Apple Rootstock Malus robusta Rehd.

Dazhuang Qi^1,2,4,#, Meixia Liang^1,2,4,#, Fudong Jiang³, Jianzhao Li^1,2,4, Xuqiang Qiao^1,2,4,*, Hongxia Zhang^1,2,4,*

1 College of Agriculture, Ludong University, Yantai, 264025, China
2 Institute for Advanced Study of Coastal Ecology, Ludong University, Yantai, 264025, China
3 Yantai Academy of Agricultural Science, Yantai, 264025, China
4 Key Laboratory of Molecular Module-Based Breeding of High Yield and Abiotic Resistant Plants in Universities of Shandong (Ludong University), Yantai, 264025, China

* Corresponding Authors: Xuqiang Qiao. Email: ; Hongxia Zhang. Email:
# These authors contribute equally to this work

Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany 2020, 89(4), 943-955. https://doi.org/10.32604/phyton.2020.013801

Received 20 August 2020; Accepted 01 September 2020; Issue published 09 November 2020

Abstract

Manganese (Mn) is one of the essential microelements in all organisms. However, high level of Mn is deleterious to plants. In this study, the effects of exogenous manganese application on mineral element, polyamine (PA) and antioxidant accumulation, as well as polyamine metabolic and antioxidant enzyme activities, were investigated in Malus robusta Rehd., a widely grown apple rootstock. High level of Mn treatments decreased endogenous Mg, Na, K and Ca contents, but increased Zn content, in a Mn-concentration-dependent manner. Polyamine metabolic assays revealed that, except the content of perchloric acid insoluble bound (PIS-bound) spermine, which increased significantly, the contents of putrescine (Put), spermidine (Spd) and spermine (Spm) all decreased progressively, accompanied with the decreased activities of arginine decarboxylase (ADC, EC 4.1.1.19) and ornithine decarboxylase (ODC, EC 4.1.1.17), and the increased activities of diamine oxidase (DAO, EC 1.4.3.6) and polyamine oxidase (PAO, EC 1.5.3.3). Further antioxidant capacity analyses demonstrated that contents of anthocyanin, non-protein thiols (NPT) and soluble sugar, and the activities of guaiacol peroxidase (POD, EC 1.11.1.7), catalase (CAT, EC 1.11.1.6) and superoxide dismutase (SOD, EC 1.15.1.1), also increased upon different concentrations of Mn treatments. Our results suggest that endogenous ion homeostasis is affected by high level of Mn application, and polyamine and antioxidant metabolism is involved in the responses of M. robusta Rehd. plants to high level of Mn stress.

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