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ARTICLE

Effects of cadmium on root growth, cell division and micronuclei formation in root tip cells of Allium cepa var. agrogarum L.

Wang QL, LT Zhang, JH Zou, DH Liu, JY Yue

Tianjin Key Laboratory of Animal and Plant Resistance, Tianjin Normal University, Tianjin, 300387, PR China.

* Corresponding Author:Address Correspondence to: Jieyu Yue, Tel: 86-22-2376 6823, Fax: 86-22-2376 6359, e-mail:

Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany 2014, 83(all), 291-298. https://doi.org/10.32604/phyton.2014.83.291

Abstract

The effects of various cadmium (Cd) concentrations (10, 50 and 100 μM) on root growth, cell division and micronuclei formation in root tip cells of Allium cepa var. agrogarum L. were investigated to better understand the processes of Cd-induced apoptosis. The results indicated that 10 μM of Cd had an obviously passive influence on root growth during the 24 h treatment, and that the influence was even more serious with increasing Cd concentrations and duration of treatments. The mitotic index decreased with increasing Cd concentration and duration of treatments. Cadmium induced c-mitosis, chromosome bridges, chromosome stickiness and micronuclei. The frequency of cells with these disorders varied with prolonging the duration of treatments and increasing Cd concentrations. Micronuclei (MN) are biomarkers of genotoxic events. Our analyses proved the presence of a number of cells carrying micronucleus, and the elimination of the exceeding material itself, after exposing A. cepa var. agrogarum L. root tips to the Cd treatments. A number of micronuclei and nuclear anomalies were noticed at 10 μM Cd. Inferences about the implications of the elimination of genetic material from micronuclei, such as cell viability and apoptosis, are also presented.

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