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Plant Physiology for Crop Production and Sustainable Agriculture

Submission Deadline: 10 June 2021 (closed) View: 294

Guest Editors

Prof. Mirza Hasanuzzaman, Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Bangladesh
Prof. Masayuki Fujita, Kagawa University, Japan

Summary

Ensuring food security for the increasing population is one of the challenges for next decades. As frontiers of crop production, plant physiologists are the most responsible for the improvement of crop production steadily. However, there are several challenges which hindering crop production which includes various abiotic and biotic stresses as loss of soil productivity and natural biodiversity. With the present global climatic change, these abiotic stress factors are taking place more frequently than earlier times leading to the vulnerability of crop productivity, and creating challenges for the farming community to feed the ever-growing population of this universe. Exploring the physiological bases of plant stress tolerance is very important in developing plant stress tolerance. To address this issue researchers are working in understanding the physiological and molecular mechanisms of abiotic stress responses and tolerance. A remarkable progress has also been made in developing crop varieties tolerant to environmental stress. This special issue is indented to bring together a galaxy of eminent experienced scientists to present latest developments in this field.

Potential topics may include, but are not limited to:

· Plant growth regulation

· Plant water relations

· Solute transport in plants

· Ion homeostasis

· Water and nutrient use efficiencies in plants

· Photosynthesis research

· Plant physiological responses to abiotic and biotic stress

· Molecular plant physiology

· Use of exogenous protectants in improving plant physiology

Keywords

Plant physiology; Crop production; Climate change; Abiotic stress; Agronomy; Plant genetics and breeding; Biotechnology in agriculture

Published Papers

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ARTICLE

Growth, ROS Markers, Antioxidant Enzymes, Osmotic Regulators and Metabolic Changes in Tartary Buckwheat Subjected to Short Drought
Yan Wan, Yuan Liang, Xuxiao Gong, Jianyong Ouyang, Jingwei Huang, Xiaoyong Wu, Qi Wu, Changying Liu, Xueling Ye, Xiaoning Cao, Gang Zhao, Liang Zou, Dabing Xiang
Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.92, No.1, pp. 35-54, 2023, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2022.021698
（This article belongs to the Special Issue: Plant Physiology for Crop Production and Sustainable Agriculture)
Abstract Tartary buckwheat (Fagopyrum tataricum) is an important pseudocereal feed crop with medicinal and nutritional value. Drought is one of the main causes of reduced growth and yield in these plants. We investigated the growth, physiological, and metabolic responses of the widely promoted Tartary buckwheat variety Chuan Qiao No. 1 to polyethylene glycol (PEG)-mediated drought stress. Drought significantly decreased shoot length, shoot biomass and relative water content. Root length, malondialdehyde content, electrolyte leakage, activities of superoxide dismutase, peroxidase, catalase and amylase, and contents of soluble sugar, soluble protein and proline were increased by PEG-mediated drought. Untargeted metabolomics… More >

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Physiological and Biochemical Mechanisms of Exogenous Calcium Chloride on Alleviating Salt Stress in Two Tartary Buckwheat (Fagopyrum tataricum) Varieties Differing in Salinity Tolerance
Tao Zhang, Hongbing Yang
Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.91, No.8, pp. 1643-1658, 2022, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2022.019572
（This article belongs to the Special Issue: Plant Physiology for Crop Production and Sustainable Agriculture)
Abstract Salt stress is one of the most serious abiotic stresses limiting plant growth and development. Calcium as an essential nutrient element and important signaling molecule plays an important role in ameliorating the adverse effect of salinity on plants. This study aimed to investigate the impact of exogenous calcium on improving salt tolerance in Tartary buckwheat cultivars, cv. Xinong9920 (salt-tolerant) and cv. Xinong9909 (salt-sensitive). Four-week-old Tartary buckwheat seedlings under 100 mM NaCl stress were treated with and without exogenous calcium chloride (CaCl₂), Ca²⁺ chelator ethylene glycol tetraacetic acid (EGTA) and Ca²⁺-channel blocker lanthanum chloride (LaCl₃) for 10 days.… More >

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1586
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ARTICLE

Construction and Functional Analysis of CRISPR/Cas9 Vector of FAD2 Gene Family in Soybean
Zhifeng Xiao, Yukun Jin, Qi Zhang, Abraham Lamboro, Baozhu Dong, Zhuoyu Yang, Piwu Wang
Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.91, No.2, pp. 349-361, 2022, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2022.017451
（This article belongs to the Special Issue: Plant Physiology for Crop Production and Sustainable Agriculture)
Abstract Soybean oleic acid content is one of the important indexes to evaluate the quality of soybean oil. In the synthesis pathway of soybean fatty acids, the FAD2 gene family is the key gene that regulates the production of linoleic acid from soybean oleic acid. In this study, CRISPR/Cas9 gene editing technology was used to regulate FAD2 gene expression. Firstly, the CRISPR/Cas9 single knockout vectors GmFAD2-1B and GmFAD2-2C and double knockout vectors GmFAD2-2A-3 were constructed. Then, the three vectors were transferred into the recipient soybean variety Jinong 38 by Agrobacterium-mediated cotyledon node transformation, and the mutant plants were obtained. More >

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ARTICLE

Optimization of Agrobacterium tumefaciens-Mediated Genetic Transformation of Maize
Mengtong Liu, Yangyang Zhou, Tongyu Liu, Jianyu Lu, Jing Qu, Shuyan Guan, Yiyong Ma
Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.91, No.2, pp. 363-374, 2022, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2022.016325
（This article belongs to the Special Issue: Plant Physiology for Crop Production and Sustainable Agriculture)
Abstract Immature embryos of inbred maize (Zea mays) lines (H8183, H8184, and H8185) were used for Agrobacterium infection. We used the β-glucuronidase gene (GUS) as the target gene and the glufosinate resistance gene (bar) as the selection marker. We conducted research on several aspects, such as different genotypes, coculture conditions, screening agent concentrations, and concentrations of indole-3-butytric acid (IBA), 6-benzylaminopurine (6-BA), and ascorbic acid (Vc) in the differentiation medium. We optimized the genetic transformation system, and the obtained results indicated that among the three lines studied, the induction rate of H8185 was the highest at 93.2%, followed by H8184, More >

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Transcriptomic Analysis of the Tolerance Response to Dehydration and Rehydration in Wheat Seedlings
Ping Zhang, Zhiyou Kong, Junna Liu, Yongjiang Liu, Qianchao Wang, Xiuju Huan, Li Li, Yunfeng Jiang, Peng Qin
Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.91, No.2, pp. 375-394, 2022, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2022.016358
（This article belongs to the Special Issue: Plant Physiology for Crop Production and Sustainable Agriculture)
Abstract Drought is the main abiotic stress that restricts wheat production. The rapid development of sequencing technology and its widespread application to various fields have revealed the structural characteristics and regulation of related genes through gene expression analysis. Here, we studied responses of wheat plants under drought and re-watering conditions, using morphological and physiological indicators. Moreover, a transcriptome analysis was conducted on Jingmai 12, a drought-resistant wheat strain, to explore the mechanism underlying the response of drought-resistant wheat seedlings to drought stress at the transcriptome level. Drought stress caused morphological and physiological changes in both drought-resistant… More >

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1325
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A Study on Genotype-by-Environment Interaction Analysis for Agronomic Traits of Maize Genotypes Across Huang-Huai-Hai Region in China
Haiwang Yue, Jianwei Wei, Junliang Xie, Shuping Chen, Haicheng Peng, Hongmei Cao, Junzhou Bu, Xuwen Jiang
Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.91, No.1, pp. 57-81, 2022, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2022.017308
（This article belongs to the Special Issue: Plant Physiology for Crop Production and Sustainable Agriculture)
Abstract Facing the trend of increasing population, how to increase maize grain yield is a very important issue to ensure food security. In this study, 28 nationally approved maize hybrids were evaluated across 24 different climatic conditions for two consecutive years (2018–2019). The purpose of this study was to select high-yield with stable genotypes and identify important agronomic traits for maize breeding program improvement. The results of this study showed that the genotype ╳ environment interaction effects of the 12 evaluated agronomic traits was highly significant (P < 0.001). We introduced a novel multi-trait genotype-ideotype distance index… More >

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ARTICLE

In Vitro-Propagation of Agave tequilana Weber cv. azul in a Temporary Immersion System
Otilio Vázquez-Martínez, Héctor Gordon Núñez-Palenius, Eugenio M. Pérez-Molphe Balch, Mauricio Valencia-Posadas, Luis Pérez-Moreno, Graciela M. L. Ruiz-Aguilar, M. Gómez-Lim
Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.91, No.1, pp. 83-96, 2022, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2022.017281
（This article belongs to the Special Issue: Plant Physiology for Crop Production and Sustainable Agriculture)
Abstract In Mexico, there is a need to produce large quantities of plantlets for the establishment and replanting of blue (cv. azul) agave production areas. Most of these plots are within the origin denomination area (DOT, Spanish acronym) of the distilled product of this plant, known as tequila. The objective of this study was to develop an in vitro-propagation protocol for Agave tequilana Weber cv. azul using segmented stems in both: solid and liquid media. A disinfection and in vitro technique were developed to obtain shoots, through plantlets collected in commercial plots, which attained 100% surface-disinfection and budding rate.… More >

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2046
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Azospirillum brasilense and Saccharomyces cerevisiae as Alternative for Decrease the Effect of Salinity Stress in Tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum) Growth
Ali Abdelmoteleb, Daniel Gonzalez-Mendoza, Ahmed Mohamed Elbaalawy
Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.91, No.1, pp. 21-32, 2022, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2022.016227
（This article belongs to the Special Issue: Plant Physiology for Crop Production and Sustainable Agriculture)
Abstract The salinity stress is one of the most relevant abiotic stresses that affects the agricultural production. The present study was performed to study the improvement of the salt tolerance of tomato plants which is known for their susceptibility to salt stress. The present study aimed to assess to what extent strain Azospirillum brasilense (N040) and Saccharomyces cerevisiae improve the salt tolerance to tomato plants treated with different salt concentration. The inoculant strain A. brasilense (N040) was previously adapted to survive up to 7% NaCl in the basal media. A greenhouse experiment was conducted to evaluate the effect of… More >

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1517
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General and Exact Inbreeding Coefficient of Maize Synthetics Derived from Three-Way Line Hybrids
Alejandro Ibarra-Sánchez, Juan Enrique Rodríguez-Pérez, Aureliano Peña-Lomelí, Clemente Villanueva-Verduzco, Jaime Sahagún-Castellanos
Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.91, No.1, pp. 33-43, 2022, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2022.016136
（This article belongs to the Special Issue: Plant Physiology for Crop Production and Sustainable Agriculture)
Abstract Synthetic varieties (SVs) are populations generated by randomly mating their parents. They are a good alternative for low-input farmers who grow onions, maize, and other allogamous crops since the seed produced by a SV does not change from one generation to the next. Although SV progenitors are commonly pure lines, in this case a synthetic (Syn_TC) whose parents are t three-way line crosses, a very common type of maize hybrid grown in Mexico, is studied. The aim was to develop a general and exact equation for the inbreeding coefficient of a Syn_TC Syn_TC because of … More >

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ARTICLE

Estimation of Growth and Photosynthetic Performance of Two C₄ Species (Pennisetum spicatum (L.) Körn. and Zea mays L.) under a Low Temperature Treatment
Abdulkhaliq Alshoaibi
Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.91, No.1, pp. 45-55, 2022, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2022.016434
（This article belongs to the Special Issue: Plant Physiology for Crop Production and Sustainable Agriculture)
Abstract Pearl millet (Pennisetum spicatum (L.) Körn.) and maize (Zea mays L.) are C₄ grass species grown for feeding humans and animals in Almadinah Almunawwarah, which is in the western part of Saudi Arabia. During the winter, the mean temperature, which drops to 14°C, represents a major problem for the growth of these species in this region. Therefore, the objectives of this research were to investigate the growth response and the photosynthetic performance of P. spicatum and Z. mays under a low temperature stress. The treatments involved daytime and nighttime temperatures of 14/12°C (low temperature) and 24/22°C (optimum temperature). The results… More >

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ARTICLE

Identification of Polymorphic Markers by High-Resolution Melting (HRM) Assay for High-Throughput SNP Genotyping in Maize
Zhigang Shang, Yongzhe Zhu, Xinmei Guo, Meiai Zhao
Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.90, No.6, pp. 1711-1725, 2021, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2021.015048
（This article belongs to the Special Issue: Plant Physiology for Crop Production and Sustainable Agriculture)
Abstract The development of next generation sequencing (NGS) and high throughput genotyping are important techniques for the QTL mapping and genetic analysis of different crops. High-resolution melting (HRM) is an emerging technology used for detecting single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in various species. However, its use is still limited in maize. The HRM analysis was integrated with SNPs to identify three types of populations (NIL population, RIL population and natural population), and the useful tags were screened. The patterns of temperature-shifted melting curves were investigated from the HRM analysis, and compared these with the kit. Among all 48 More >

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1385
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Knowledge Mapping of Opuntia Milpa Alta Since 1998: A Scientometric Analysis
Meixiang Chen, Hong Yang, Zhengda Song, Yonghua Gu, Yuhong Zheng, Jiangwei Zhu, Aiwu Wang, Li Fu
Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.90, No.5, pp. 1507-1518, 2021, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2021.015723
（This article belongs to the Special Issue: Plant Physiology for Crop Production and Sustainable Agriculture)
Abstract Opuntia Milpa Alta is a cactus cultivated, domesticated, hybridized and selected from the plant Opuntia ficus-indica by Mexican agricultural experts, which can be used as fruit and vegetable. Opuntia Milpa Alta leaves and fruit are superior to wild varieties and suitable for storage and transportation. In 1998, Opuntia Milpa Alta was introduced to China from Mexico by the Quality Product Development Center of the Ministry of Agriculture of China. Up to now, the Opuntia Milpa Alta has been cultivated on a certain scale in China. This study aims to identify the research progress and development trends… More >

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ARTICLE

Epi-Brassinolide Positively Affects Chlorophyll Content and Dark-Reaction Enzymes of Maize Seedlings
Yuanfen Gao, Tinglan Jiang, Yin Xiang, Xuewu He, Zhen Zhang, Shengjuan Wen, Junjie Zhang
Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.90, No.5, pp. 1465-1476, 2021, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2021.014811
（This article belongs to the Special Issue: Plant Physiology for Crop Production and Sustainable Agriculture)
Abstract Brassinosteroids participate in many physiological processes in plants; however, their regulatory roles on the activities of the enzymes involved in dark phase of photosynthesis remains elusive. In this study, detached leaves and protoplasts of maize seedlings were treated with epi-brassinolide (EBR) and brassinazole followed by the determination of the contents of chlorophyll (a+b) and soluble sugars, and the activity of dark reaction enzymes and the expression of the relevant genes. The results showed that chlorophyll (a+b) content increased by 7.4% under 0.1 μM EBR treatment for 48 h; furthermore, chlorophyll (a+b) content increased by 34%… More >

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1674
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ARTICLE

Quantitative Proteomics Analysis Identifies the Potential Mechanism Underlying Yellow-Green Leave Mutant in Wheat
Wei Zheng, Zheng Shi, Mei Long, Yuncheng Liao
Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.90, No.4, pp. 1147-1159, 2021, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2021.015916
（This article belongs to the Special Issue: Plant Physiology for Crop Production and Sustainable Agriculture)
Abstract Enhancing photosynthesis efficiency is considered as one of the most crucial targets during wheat breeding. However, the molecular basis underlying high photosynthesis efficiency is not well understood up to now. In this study, we investigated the protein expression profile of wheat Jimai5265yg mutant, which is a yellow-green mutant with chlorophylls b deficiency but high photosynthesis efficiency. Though TMT-labeling quantitative proteomics analysis, a total of 72 differential expressed proteins (DEPs) were obtained between the mutant and wild type (WT). GO analysis found that they significantly enriched in thylakoid membrane, pigment binding, magnesium chelatase activity and response More >

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1364
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ARTICLE

Analysis of Growth and Productivity of Green Chickpea Using Nitrogen and Phosphorus Fertilization
Maricela Apáez-Barrios, José Alberto Salvador Escalante-Estrada, Patricio Apáez-Barrios, Yurixhi Atenea Raya-Montaño, Juan Carlos Álvarez-Hernández
Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.90, No.4, pp. 1193-1203, 2021, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2021.014567
（This article belongs to the Special Issue: Plant Physiology for Crop Production and Sustainable Agriculture)
Abstract Chickpea contains high levels of protein, vitamins and minerals. Acceptable chickpea yield is the result of meeting nitrogen and phosphorus requirements. The effect of appropriately meeting such requirements reflects on growth and can easily be evaluated using growth analysis. This research determined: (a) The effect of nitrogen and phosphorus fertilization on phenology, net assimilation rate, number of green leaves, leaf area, leaf area index and leaf area duration; (b) Green chickpea yield and number of pods due to fertilization; and (c) The combination of nitrogen and phosphorus fertilization that yields the most net revenue. Nitrogen… More >

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1502
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Suppression Effects on Pineapple Soil-Borne Pathogens by Crotalaria juncea, Dolomitic Lime and Plastic Mulch Cover on MD-2 Hybrid Cultivar
Luis Alfonso Aguilar Pérez, Daniel Nieto Ángel, Moisés Roberto Vallejo Pérez, Daniel Leobardo Ochoa Martínez, David Espinosa Victoria, Andrés Rebolledo Martinez, Abel Rebouças São José
Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.90, No.4, pp. 1205-1216, 2021, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2021.015109
（This article belongs to the Special Issue: Plant Physiology for Crop Production and Sustainable Agriculture)
Abstract The development and implementation of sustainable and environmentally friendly agricultural practices are indispensable as alternatives to pesticide use and to keep populations of soil-borne plant pathogens at levels that do not affect crop productivity. The present research evaluates the incidence of soil-borne phytopathogens on the pineapple variety MD-2, which was subjected to different treatments: Incorporation of Crotalaria juncea into the soil (organic amendment), application of dolomitic lime to soil (inorganic amendment), and the use of plastic mulch covering the soil. During the crop cycle (15 months), the following variables were evaluated: plant height (cm), fruit weight (kg·plant⁻¹… More >

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1497
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Correlation Analysis of New Soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr] Gene Gm15G117700 with Oleic Acid
Shuo Qu, Yaolei Jiao, Lamboro Abraham, Piwu Wang
Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.90, No.4, pp. 1177-1192, 2021, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2021.015206
（This article belongs to the Special Issue: Plant Physiology for Crop Production and Sustainable Agriculture)
Abstract The fatty acid dehydrogenase gene plays an important role in regulating the oleic acid content in soybean. Genome-wide association study screened out soybean oleic acid related gene Gm15G117700. A fragment size of 693bp was obtained by PCR amplification of the gene and, it was connected by seamless cloning technology to the pMD18T cloning vector. Based on the gene sequence cloned, bioinformatic analysis of gene protein was performed. The overexpression vector of Gm15G117700 and the CRISPR/Cas9 gene editing vector were constructed. The positive plants were obtained by Agrobacterium-mediated transformation of soybean cotyledon nodes and T₂ plants were… More >

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ARTICLE

Genome-Wide GRAS Gene Family Analysis Reveals the Classification, Expression Profiles in Melon (Cucumis melo L.)
Yanfei Bi, Bin Wei, Ying Meng, Zhongzhao Li, Zhenghui Tang, Feng Yin, Chuntao Qian
Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.90, No.4, pp. 1161-1175, 2021, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2021.014396
（This article belongs to the Special Issue: Plant Physiology for Crop Production and Sustainable Agriculture)
Abstract Melon (Cucumis melo), belonging to the Cucurbitaceae family, is a globally important economic crop. GRAS (GAI, RGA, SCR) genes, which are a type of transcription factor, play a critical role in plant growth and development, including processes such as radial root patterning, light signalling, abiotic/biotic stress, axillary shoot meristem formation, and phytohormone (gibberellin) signal transduction. In this study, the GRAS family in melon was analysed comprehensively with respect to chromosomal location, motif prediction, gene structure, and expression pattern. A total of 37 GRAS genes were first identified in melon, after which a phylogenetic tree was built… More >

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Effects of Exogenous α-Ketoglutaric Acid on 2-Acetyl-1-Pyrroline, Yield Formation and Grain Quality Characters of Aromatic Rice
Bin Du, Qixia Wu, Shuochen Jiang, Dingyue Zhang, Yue Qiao, Yimei Xie, Jianlong Xu, Jianqiang Zhu
Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.90, No.2, pp. 437-447, 2021, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2021.012903
（This article belongs to the Special Issue: Plant Physiology for Crop Production and Sustainable Agriculture)
Abstract The improvement of grain quality in aromatic rice is very important for farmer to increase their income. Present study was conducted with a two-year field experiment and three aromatic rice cultivars in order to study the effects of exogenous α-ketoglutaric acid on yield formation, grain quality characters and the biosynthesis of 2-acetyl-1-pyrroline (2-AP, key component of aromatic rice’s fragrance) in aromatic rice. At heading stage, 0.50 mmol L^–1 (T1) and 1.00 mmol L^–1 (T2) α-ketoglutaric acid solutions were overhead sprinkle to aromatic rice plants, respectively while the treatment which was overhead sprinkled with distilled water was set… More >

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Character Identification of an Early Flowering Mutant
Zhenzhong Jiang, Peng Jiao, Zhuo Qi, He Zhao, Jing Qu, Siyan Liu, Dan Yao, Piwu Wang, Shuyan Guan, Yiyong Ma
Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.90, No.2, pp. 449-459, 2021, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2021.013247
（This article belongs to the Special Issue: Plant Physiology for Crop Production and Sustainable Agriculture)
Abstract The concept of gene-function-genetic trait was introduced to explore the effects of early flowering on the growth and development of maize at the jointing stage and to obtain early flowering mutants using ethyl methanesulfonate mutagenesis. First, we studied gene expression, phytohormones, and lignin content to explore the physiological peculiarities of the early flowering mutant. Then we analyzed the genetic features of the mutants during the jointing stage by measuring physiological and biochemical indices of drought tolerance. The results showed that the photosynthetic rate of the mutant was significantly higher than that of the control and More >

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Potassium-Induced Regulation of Cellular Antioxidant Defense and Improvement of Physiological Processes in Wheat under Water Deficit Condition
Abdul Awal Chowdhury Masud, Md. Fazlul Karim, M. H. M. Borhannuddin Bhuyan, Jubayer Al Mahmud, Kamrun Nahar, Masayuki Fujita, Mirza Hasanuzzaman
Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.90, No.2, pp. 353-372, 2021, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2021.013259
（This article belongs to the Special Issue: Plant Physiology for Crop Production and Sustainable Agriculture)
Abstract Drought is the most common form of abiotic stress that reduces plant growth and productivity. It causes plant injuries through elevated production of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Potassium (K) is a vital plant nutrient that notably ameliorates the detrimental effect of drought stress in the plant. A pot experiment was conducted at the Laboratory of Plant Stress Responses, Faculty of Agriculture, Kagawa University, Japan, under controlled environment of green house to explore the role of K in mitigating drought severity in wheat (Triticum asevitum L.) seedlings. Three days after germination, seedlings were exposed to three water… More >

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1800
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Exogenous Selenium Mitigates Salt Stress in Soybean by Improving Growth, Physiology, Glutathione Homeostasis and Antioxidant Defense
Hesham F. Alharby, Mirza Hasanuzzaman, Hassan S. Al-Zahrani, Khalid Rehman Hakeem
Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.90, No.2, pp. 373-388, 2021, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2021.013657
（This article belongs to the Special Issue: Plant Physiology for Crop Production and Sustainable Agriculture)
Abstract The mechanism of selenium (Se)-induced salt tolerance was studied in moderately sensitive soybean (Glycine max L.) plants. To execute this view, soybean plants were imposed with salt stress (EC 6 dS m⁻¹ ) applying NaCl. In other treatments, Se (0, 25, 50 and 75 µM Na₂SeO₄) was sprayed as co-application with that level of salt stress. Plant height, stem diameter, leaf area, SPAD value decreased noticeably under salt stress. Altered proline (Pro) level, together with decreased leaf relative water content (RWC) was observed in salt-affected plants. Salt stress resulted in brutal oxidative damage and increased the content… More >

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The Potassium Transporter AtKUP12 Enhances Tolerance to Salt Stress through the Maintenance of the K⁺/Na⁺ Ratio in Arabidopsis
Hua Zhang, Zhongmin Yang, Xilong You, Youqiang Heng, Yan Wang
Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.90, No.2, pp. 389-402, 2021, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2021.014156
（This article belongs to the Special Issue: Plant Physiology for Crop Production and Sustainable Agriculture)
Abstract Potassium (K⁺) is a necessary nutrient for plant growth and crop production. The K⁺ transporter plays crucial roles in the absorption and transport of K⁺ in plants. Most K⁺ transporters in Arabidopsis have been reported, but AtKUP12, which is a member of the KT/KUP/HAK family, has not yet been the subject of relevant in-depth research. In the present study, we demonstrated that AtKUP12 plays a crucial role in K⁺ uptake in Arabidopsis under 100 μM lowK⁺ and 125 mM salt stress conditions. AtKUP12 transcripts were induced by K⁺ deficiency and salt stress. We analyzed the K⁺ uptake of AtKUP12 using the… More >

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1587
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Alleviation of Cadmium Toxicity to Medicago Truncatula by AMF Involves the Changes of Cd Speciation in Rhizosphere Soil and Subcellular Distribution
Yuying Jiang, Renhua Huang, Lei Jiang, Ke Chen, Wenkun Zhu
Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.90, No.2, pp. 403-415, 2021, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2021.014376
（This article belongs to the Special Issue: Plant Physiology for Crop Production and Sustainable Agriculture)
Abstract Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) can improve plant tolerance to several abiotic stresses, including heavy metals, drought or salinity exposure. However, the role of AMF in alleviation of soil cadmium (Cd)-induced toxicity to plants is still largely unknown. In this study, Cd speciation in soil and subcellular distribution of Cd were used to characterize the roles of application AM fungi in the alleviation of Cd toxicity in alfalfa plants. Our results showed that the addition of Glomus mosseae in Cd contaminated soil (10 mg/Kg) significantly increased soil pH, cation exchange capacity (CEC) and organic matter in rhizosphere… More >

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Adjusting Nitrogen Application in Accordance with Soil Water Availability Enhances Yield and Water Use by Regulating Physiological Traits of Maize under Drip Fertigation
Mingda Yang, Shouchen Ma, Fujian Mei, Li Wei, Tongchao Wang, Xiaokang Guan
Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.90, No.2, pp. 417-435, 2021, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2021.013175
（This article belongs to the Special Issue: Plant Physiology for Crop Production and Sustainable Agriculture)
Abstract Knowledge of the interactive effects of water and nitrogen (N) on physio-chemical traits of maize (Zea mays L.) helps to optimize water and N management and improve productivity. A split-plot experiment was conducted with three soil water conditions (severe drought, moderate drought, and fully water supply referring to 45%–55%, 65%–75%, and 85%–95% field capacity, respectively) and four N application rates (N₀, N₁₅₀, N₂₄₀, and N₃₃₀ referring to 0, 150, 240, 330 kg N ha^–1 respectively) under drip fertigation in 2014 and 2015 in the Huang-Huai-Hai Plain of China. The results indicated that drought stress inhibited physiological activity of plants… More >

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The Enhancement of Soil Fertility, Dry Matter Transport and Accumulation, Nitrogen Uptake and Yield in Rice via Green Manuring
Tianyuan Li, Saif Ullah, He Liang, Izhar Ali, Quan Zhao, Anas Iqbal, Shanqing Wei, Tariq Shah, Yuqiong Luo, Ligeng Jiang
Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.90, No.1, pp. 223-243, 2021, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2020.012065
（This article belongs to the Special Issue: Plant Physiology for Crop Production and Sustainable Agriculture)
Abstract Readily available chemical fertilizers have resulted in a decline in the use of organic manure (e.g., green manures), a traditionally sustainable source of nutrients. Based on this, we applied urea at the rate of 270 kg ha⁻¹ with and without green manure in order to assess nitrogen (N) productivity in a double rice cropping system in 2017. In particular, treatment combinations were as follows: winter fallow rice-rice (WF-R-R), milk vetch rice-rice (MV-R-R), oil-seed rape rice-rice (R-R-R) and potato crop rice-rice (P-R-R). Results revealed that green manure significantly (p ≤ 0.05) improved the soil chemical properties and… More >

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ARTICLE

Effect of Pre-Anthesis Drought Hardening on Post-Anthesis Physiological Characteristics, Yield and WUE in Winter Wheat
Ruitao Lou, Daoxi Li, Yanbin Li, Zepeng Bian, Yanan Zhu
Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.90, No.1, pp. 245-257, 2021, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2020.014073
（This article belongs to the Special Issue: Plant Physiology for Crop Production and Sustainable Agriculture)
Abstract A drought event can cause yield loss or entire crops to fail. In order to study the effects of continuous drought on physiological characteristics, yield, and water use efficiency (WUE) of winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.), the variety “Zhoumai 22” was grown in controlled water conditions of the pot-planted winter wheat under a mobile rainout shelter. Foot planting and safe wintering were used to evaluate, winter wheat under different drought conditions, including light, moderate and severe drought at the jointing, heading, and filling stages. The soil water content was controlled at 60–70%, 50–60%, or 40–50% of… More >

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Plant Physiology for Crop Production and Sustainable Agriculture

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