Guest Editors
Assoc. Prof. Dr. Behcet İNAL, Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Faculty of Agriculture, Siirt University, Siirt, Turkey
Assist Prof. Dr. Mortaza Hajyzadeh, Department of Field Crops, Faculty of Agriculture, Şırnak University, Şırnak, Turkey
Dr. Serdar ALTINTAŞ, Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Faculty of Agriculture, Siirt University, Siirt, Turkey
Summary
Alternate bearing is a phenomenon in plants where there is a cyclic pattern of high and low yields of fruit or seeds in alternate years. This can occur in many different types of fruit trees, such as apple, pear, peach, and citrus trees. The molecular and physiological mechanisms underlying alternate bearing in plants are complex and multifactorial, involving both internal and external factors. One of the key factors influencing alternate bearing is the hormonal balance within the plant. Specifically, the balance between the plant hormones auxin and cytokinin has been shown to be important in regulating fruit production. In alternate bearing trees, there is often an imbalance in the levels of these hormones, which can result in alternating years of high and low yields. Another factor that can influence alternate bearing is the availability of nutrients and water. Trees that have access to plenty of resources are more likely to produce a consistent crop each year, whereas those that experience periods of stress, such as drought or nutrient deficiency, may alternate between high and low yields. Temperature and light are also important environmental factors that can affect alternate bearing in plants. For example, in some citrus trees, cold temperatures during flower bud initiation can trigger a switch from a high-yield to a low-yield year. At the molecular level, researchers have identified several genes and gene pathways that are involved in regulating alternate bearing in plants. For example, a gene called FLOWERING LOCUS T (FT) has been shown to play a role in regulating the balance between vegetative growth and fruit production in apple trees. Overall, the molecular and physiological mechanisms underlying alternate bearing in plants are complex and involve a variety of factors. Understanding these mechanisms is important for improving crop yield and consistency in fruit trees.
Keywords
Alternate bearing, molecular, physiology, plant
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