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ARTICLE

Seed Priming Improves Chilling Stress Tolerance in Rice (Oryza sativa L.) Seedlings

Md. Tahjib-Ul-Arif1,2,*, Md Asaduzzaman3, Bir Jahangir Shirazy2,4, Md. Shihab Uddine Khan5, A. M. Sajedur Rahman2,6, Yoshiyuki Murata2, Sozan Abdel Hamed7, Arafat Abdel Hamed Abdel Latef8,9,*
1 Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, 2202, Bangladesh
2 Graduate School of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University, Okayama, 700-8558, Japan
3 Atopy (Allergy) Research Center, Graduate School of Medicine, Juntendo University, Tokyo, 113-8421, Japan
4 Rice Farming Systems Division, Bangladesh Rice Research Institute, Gazipur, 1701, Bangladesh
5 Agricultural Research Station, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute, Satkhira, 9400, Bangladesh
6 Breeding Division, Bangladesh Sugarcrop Research Institute, Pabna, 6620, Bangladesh
7 Department of Horticulture, Faculty of Agriculture, South Valley University, Qena, 83523, Egypt
8 Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, South Valley University, Qena, 83523, Egypt
9 Molecular Biology and Biotechnology Center, South Valley University, Qena, 83523, Egypt
* Corresponding Author: Md. Tahjib-Ul-Arif. Email: email; Arafat Abdel Hamed Abdel Latef. Email: email
(This article belongs to the Special Issue: Abiotic and Biotic Stress Tolerance in Crop)

Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany https://doi.org/10.32604/phyton.2024.058710

Received 19 September 2024; Accepted 24 October 2024; Published online 06 November 2024

Abstract

Chilling is one of the major abiotic stresses for plants, especially for rice cultivation. Many essential metabolic processes for growth and development are temperature-dependent. In that case, reducing the negative effects of cold stress using exogenous chemicals is a possible option. Therefore, the current study examined the effects of pre-sowing seed treatment with different chemicals, viz. hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), salicylic acid (SA), calcium chloride (CaCl2), thiourea (TU), and citric acid (CA) on the germination of rice seeds (cv. BRRI dhan28) under chilling environments. Rice seeds were soaked in distilled water (control), 10 mM CA, 2 mM SA, 10 mM CaCl2, 10 mM H2O2, and 10 mM TU solutions for 24 h. After that, seeds were exposed to chilling stress by incubating at 4 ± 1°C for 8 h, followed by at 25 ± 2°C for 16 h for 7 days. Exposure to chilling stress significantly reduced the final germination percent (13.6%), germination rate index (36.0%), coefficient of the velocity (25.0%), shoot fresh weight (44.4%), and root fresh weight (60.5%). Moreover, chilling induced oxidative damage and reduced the activity of antioxidant enzymes (catalase and ascorbate peroxidase). In contrast, treatments with H2O2, SA, CaCl2, TU, and CA considerably enhanced germination indices and seedling growth compared to chilling stress conditions. The study showed that priming with H2O2, SA, CaCl2, TU, and CA significantly boosted antioxidant enzyme activities and reduced MDA and H2O2 contents in chilling-stressed rice plants, indicating less oxidative stress and improved tolerance. Principal component analysis showed that among these priming agents, H2O2, SA, and CA are most effective in chilling stress mitigation. Therefore, using seed-treating chemicals to combat the effect of chilling stress can help rice seedlings grow better in the winter season.

Keywords

Chilling stress; antioxidant enzymes; germination indices; cold injury; seed priming; oxidative stress

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