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ARTICLE

Genetic Variability and Phenotypic Correlations Study among Grain Quality Traits and Mineral Elements Concentrations in Colored and Non-Colored Rice (Oryza sativa L.)

Adel A. Rezk1,2,*, Mohamed M. El-Malky3, Heba I. Mohamed4,*, Hossam S. El-Beltagi1,5
1 Agricultural Biotechnology Department, College of Agricultural and Food Science, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa, 31982, Saudi Arabia
2 Plant Pathology Research Institute, Agriculture Research Center, Giza, 12619, Egypt
3 Rice Research and Training Center, Field Crop Research Institute, Agriculture Research Center, 33717, Egypt
4 Biological and Geological Sciences Department, Faculty of Education, Ain Shams University, Cairo, 11511, Egypt
5 Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Cairo University, Giza, 12613, Egypt
* Corresponding Authors: Adel A. Rezk. Email: arazk@kfu.edu.sa; Heba I. Mohamed. Email: hebaibrahim79@gmail.com
(This article belongs to the Special Issue: Recent Research Trends in Genetics, Genomics, and Physiology of Crop Plants)

Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany https://doi.org/10.32604/phyton.2024.052739

Received 13 April 2024; Accepted 14 June 2024; Published online 17 July 2024

Abstract

Twenty-four rice genotypes were examined to assess genetic variability, heritability, and correlations for sevengrain quality traits, eight nutritional elements, and protein. ANOVA revealed significant differences for the quality traits studied. For every trait under study, the phenotypic coefficient of variation was higher than the correspondence genotypic coefficient of variation. Heritability in a broad sense varied from 29.75% for grain length to 98.31% for the elongation trait. Hulling percentage recovery had a highly significant positive correlation with milling and head rice percentage. Consequently, milling percentage had a highly positive correlation with head rice percentage. In amylose percentage, all the genotypes belonged to low amylose except the Hassawi-1 variety, which had intermediate amylose content. Mineral nutrition contents of magnesium (Mg), sodium (Na), potassium (K), calcium (Ca), copper (Cu), manganese (Mn), zinc (Zn), iron (Fe), or protein percentage gave different variations for 24 rice genotypes under all the nutritional elements. Among the 24 genotypes, ten rice genotypes– HighNutrient-1, HighNutrient-2, HighNutrient-9, HighNutrient-8, HighNutrient-3, Hassawi-2, HighNutrient-7, HighNutrient-6, Hassawi-1, and HighNutrient-4–had the highest heist value for all nutritional and protein contents, and could be used as a donor to improving new varieties. There was a positive and significant correlation between magnesium Mg, K, Zn and Fe. Consequently, K had a positive correlation with zinc Zn, Fe, and protein percentage. Clustering analysis was divided into two groups: the first group included all genotypes rich in nutrients, while the remaining genotypes with low nutritional content were included in the second group.

Keywords

Amylose; cluster analysis; genotypes; grain quality; mineral nutrition; rice

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