Open Access

ARTICLE

Hsa-miR-214-3p inhibits breast cancer cell growth and improves the tumor immune microenvironment by downregulating B7H3

by YAN LU^1,2,#, KANG WANG^3,#, YUANHONG PENG^3,4, MENG CHEN⁵, LIN ZHONG^3,4, LUJI HUANG^3,4, FU CHENG^3,4, XINDAN SHENG^4,6, XIN YANG^4,6, MANZHAO OUYANG^3,4, GEORGE A. CALIN^5,*, ZHIWEI HE^1,*

1 China-America Cancer Research Institute, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, 523808, China
2 GCP Center, Shunde Hospital, Southern Medical University (The First People’s Hospital of Shunde Foshan), Shunde, 528300, China
3 Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Shunde Hospital, Southern Medical University (The First People’s Hospital of Shunde Foshan), Shunde, 528300, China
4 The Second School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
5 Department of Translational Molecular Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
6 Department of Oncology, Shunde Hospital, Southern Medical University (The First People’s Hospital of Shunde Foshan), Shunde, 528300, China

* Corresponding Authors: GEORGE A. CALIN. Email: ; ZHIWEI HE. Email:
# These authors contributed equally to this work

Oncology Research 2025, 33(1), 103-121. https://doi.org/10.32604/or.2024.057472

Received 19 August 2024; Accepted 19 November 2024; Issue published 20 December 2024

Abstract

Background: Immune checkpoint inhibitors play an important role in the treatment of solid tumors, but the currently used immune checkpoint inhibitors targeting programmed cell death-1 (PD-1), programmed cell death ligand-1 (PD-L1), and cytotoxic T-lymphocyte antigen-4 (CTLA-4) show limited clinical efficacy in many breast cancers. B7H3 has been widely reported as an immunosuppressive molecule, but its immunological function in breast cancer patients remains unclear. Methods: We analyzed the expression of B7H3 in breast cancer samples using data from the Cancer Genome Atlas Program (TCGA) and the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) databases. MicroRNAs were selected using the TarBase, miRTarBase, and miRBase databases. The regulatory role of the microRNA hsa-miR-214-3p on B7H3 was investigated through dual-luciferase reporter assays, which identified the specific action sites of interaction. The expression levels of B7H3 and hsa-miR-214-3p in human breast cancer tissues and adjacent normal tissues were quantified using Western blotting and quantitative PCR (qPCR). In vitro experiments were performed to observe the effects of modulating the expression of B7H3 or hsa-miR-214-3p on breast cancer cell proliferation and apoptosis. Additionally, the regulatory impact of hsa-miR-214-3p on B7H3 was examined. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA) and flow cytometry were employed to assess the effects of co-cultured breast cancer cells and normal human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) on immune cells and associated cytokines. Results: In breast cancer tissues, the expression level of B7H3 is inversely correlated with that of hsa-miR-214-3p, as well as with the regulatory effects on breast cancercell behavior. Hsa-miR-214-3p was found to inhibit breast cancer cell growth by downregulating B7H3. Importantly, our research identified, for the first time, two binding sites for hsa-miR-214-3p on the 3’ UTR of B7H3, both of which exert similar effects independently. Co-culture experiments revealed that hsa-miR-214-3p obstructs the suppressive function of B7H3 on CD8⁺ T cells and natural killer cells. Conclusions: This study confirms the existence of two hsa-miR-214-3p binding sites on the 3’ UTR of B7H3, reinforcing the role of hsa-miR-214-3p as a regulatory factor for B7H3. In breast cancer, hsa-miR-214-3p reduces tumor cell proliferation and enhances the tumor immune microenvironment by downregulating B7H3. These findings suggest new potential targets for the clinical treatment of breast cancer.

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