Open Access

ARTICLE

Effects of the number of neoadjuvant therapy cycles on clinical outcomes, safety, and survival in patients with metastatic colorectal cancer undergoing metastasectomy

by YUNG-SUNG YEH^1,2,3, HSIANG-LIN TSAI^4,5, YEN-CHENG CHEN^4,6, WEI-CHIH SU^4,6, PO-JUNG CHEN^4,6, TSUNG-KUN CHANG^4,6,7, CHING-CHUN LI⁴, CHING-WEN HUANG^4,5, JAW-YUAN WANG^{4,5,6,8,9,10,*}

1 Division of Trauma and Surgical Critical Care, Department of Surgery, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
2 Department of Emergency Medicine, Faculty of Post-Baccalaureate Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
3 Graduate Institute of Injury Prevention and Control, College of Public Health, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
4 Division of Colorectal Surgery, Department of Surgery, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
5 Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
6 Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
7 Department of Surgery, Faculty of Post-Baccalaureate Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
8 Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
9 Center for Cancer Research, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
10 Pingtung Hospital, Ministry of Health and Welfare, Pingtung, Taiwan

* Corresponding Authors: JAW-YUAN WANG. Email: ,

Oncology Research 2022, 30(2), 65-76. https://doi.org/10.32604/or.2022.026659

Received 19 September 2022; Accepted 15 December 2022; Issue published 05 January 2023

Abstract

The controversial outcomes in patients with metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC) highlight the need for developing effective systemic neoadjuvant treatment strategies to improve clinical results. The optimal treatment cycles in patients with mCRC for metastasectomy remain undefined. This retrospective study compared the efficacy, safety, and survival of cycles of neoadjuvant chemotherapy/targeted therapy for such patients. Sixty-four patients with mCRC who received neoadjuvant chemotherapy/targeted therapy following metastasectomy were enrolled between January 2018 and April 2022. Twenty-eight patients received 6 cycles of chemotherapy/targeted therapy, whereas 36 patients received ≥7 cycles (median, 13; range, 7–20). Clinical outcomes, including response, progression-free survival (PFS), overall survival (OS), and adverse events, were compared between these two groups. Of the 64 patients, 47 (73.4%) were included in the response group, and 17 (26.6%) were included in the nonresponse group. The analysis revealed chemotherapy/targeted therapy cycle and pretreatment serum carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) level as independent predictors of the response as well as overall survival and chemotherapy/targeted therapy cycle as an independent predictor of progression (all p < 0.05). Furthermore, our results revealed shorter operation time, lower estimated operative blood loss, higher response rate, lower progression rate, and higher survival rate in ≥7 cycles of chemotherapy/targeted therapy group (all p < 0.05), but no statistical differences in adverse events were observed between the two groups (all p > 0.05). The median OS and PFS were 48 months (95% CI, 40.855–55.145) and 28 months (95% CI, 18.952–37.48) in the ≥7-cycle group and 24 months (95% CI, 22.038–25.962) and 13 months (95% CI, 11.674–14.326) in the 6-cycle group, respectively (both p < 0.001). The oncological outcomes in the ≥7-cycle group were significantly better than those in the 6-cycle group, without significant increases in adverse events. However, prospective randomized trials are mandatory to confirm the potential advantages of cycle numbers of neoadjuvant chemotherapy/targeted therapy.

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