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Outcomes of Patients With Acute Myeloid Leukemia Who Relapse After 5 Years of Complete Remission
Arisha Patel, Mounzer Agha, Anastasios Raptis, Jing-Zhou Hou, Rafic Farah, Robert L. Redner, Annie Im, Kathleen A. Dorritie, Alison Sehgal, James Rossetti, Melissa Saul, Daniel Normolle, Konstantinos Lontos, Michael Boyiadzis
Division of Hematology-Oncology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, UPMC Hillman Cancer Center,
Pittsburgh, PA, USA
Oncology Research 2020, 28(7-8), 811-814. https://doi.org/10.3727/096504020X15965357399750
Abstract
Leukemia relapse 5 years after achieving first complete remission (CR1) is uncommon in patients with acute
myeloid leukemia (AML). In this study, we evaluated the outcomes of AML patients with late relapse at our
institution and reviewed the literature for these patients. The study cohort consisted of nine AML patients with
late relapse. The median interval between CR1 and AML relapse was 6.1 years (range: 5.1–16.2 years). At
relapse, the karyotype was different from the initial AML diagnosis in 50% of patients. At the time of AML
relapse, seven patients received induction chemotherapy and two patients received hypomethylating agents
with an overall CR rate of 66%. The median time to relapse after achieving second CR (CR2) was 16.5 months
[95% confidence interval (CI): 9.4, NA]. The median overall survival after first relapse was 28.6 months (95%
CI: 7.3, 3.4–66.5 months). Despite initial CR after reinduction therapy, relapse rates are still high, suggesting
that alternative strategies for postremission therapies are warranted in CR2. These approaches include the use
of allogeneic hematogenic cell transplantation and the use of newly approved AML agents as maintenance
therapy in nontransplant eligible patients.
Keywords
Cite This Article
Patel, A., Agha, M., Raptis, A., Hou, J., Farah, R. et al. (2020). Outcomes of Patients With Acute Myeloid Leukemia Who Relapse After 5 Years of Complete Remission.
Oncology Research, 28(7-8), 811–814.