Open Access
ARTICLE
FCY-302, a Novel Small Molecule, Induces Apoptosis in Leukemia and Myeloma Cells by Attenuating Key Antioxidant and Mitochondrial Enzymes
Prasanna Rajagopalan*†, Abdulrahim Hakami*†, Mohammed Ragab*, Ashraf Elbessoumy*‡
* Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Khalid University,
Abha, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
† Central Research Laboratory, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Khalid University, Abha, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
‡ Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
Oncology Research 2019, 27(8), 957-964. https://doi.org/10.3727/096504019X15555428221646
Abstract
Arylidene analogs are well proven for biological activities. FCY-302, a novel small molecule belonging to
this class, was screened for its biological efficacy in leukemia and myeloma cells. FCY-302 selectively inhibited proliferation of cancer cells with GI50 values of 395.2 nM, 514.6 Nm, and 642.4 nM in HL-60, Jurkat,
and RPMI-8226 cells, respectively. The compound also increased sub-G0 peak in the cancer cell cycle and
favored apoptosis determined by annexin V assay. The compound decreased the antiapoptotic Bcl-2 levels and
increased proapoptotic Bax proteins in leukemia and myeloma cell lines. FCY-302 attenuated the mitochondrial membrane-bound Na
+
/K
+
ATPase, Ca
2+ ATPase, and Mg
2+ ATPase enzyme activities and significantly
decreased activities of antioxidant enzymes like SOD, CAT, G
R, and GST in all the three cancer cells tested.
Our findings suggest that FCY-302 inhibits the proliferation of leukemia and myeloma cancer cells by altering
key mitochondrial and antioxidant enzymes, eventually driving them to apoptosis. These results drive focus on
FCY-302 and its analogs to be developed as potential small molecules with bioactivities against cancer.
Keywords
Cite This Article
Rajagopalan, P., Hakami, A., Ragab, M., Elbessoumy, A. (2019). FCY-302, a Novel Small Molecule, Induces Apoptosis in Leukemia and Myeloma Cells by Attenuating Key Antioxidant and Mitochondrial Enzymes.
Oncology Research, 27(8), 957–964. https://doi.org/10.3727/096504019X15555428221646