The effect of concomitant drugs on oncological outcomes in patients treated with immunotherapy for metastatic urothelial carcinoma: a narrative review
MICHELE MAFFEZZOLI, GIULIA CLAIRE GIUDICE, GIACOMO IOVANE, MARTINA MANINI, ELENA RAPACCHI, GIUSEPPE CARUSO, NICOLA SIMONI, STEFANIA FERRETTI, STEFANO PULIATTI, DAVIDE CAMPOBASSO, SEBASTIANO BUTI
Oncology Research, Vol.33, No.4, pp. 741-757, 2025, DOI:10.32604/or.2024.057278
(This article belongs to the Special Issue:
Advances in Cancer Immunotherapy)
Abstract Background: immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have revolutionized the treatment of metastatic urothelial carcinoma (mUC), significantly improving survival outcomes. However, a subset of patients do not respond to ICIs, prompting research into potential predictive factors. Commonly prescribed medications such as corticosteroids, proton-pump inhibitors (PPIs), antibiotics (Abs), antihypertensives, and analgesics may influence ICI effectiveness.
Methods: we conducted a literature search on PubMed to investigate the impact of concomitant medications on the outcomes of patients with mUC, treated with ICIs. We selected the most relevant studies and performed a narrative review.
Results: corticosteroids, PPIs and Abs have been associated
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