Open Access

ARTICLE

Construction of the panoptosis-related gene model and characterization of tumor microenvironment infiltration in hepatocellular carcinoma

XINRUI SHI¹, XIA GAO¹, WENCONG LIU², XUEJIAO TANG¹, JIAYI LIU¹, DONGCHEN PAN¹, XUEQING DUAN¹, YUQING JIN¹, WEIYAN REN¹, LEI YANG^1,*, WENXUAN LIU^1,*

1 Hebei Key Laboratory of Environment and Human Health, School of Public Health, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
2 Department of Ultrasonics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China

* Corresponding Authors: Wenxuan Liu, ; Lei Yang,

(This article belongs to the Special Issue: Role of Reactive Oxygen Species and DNA Damage in Tumor Immunological Responses)

Oncology Research 2023, 31(4), 569-590. https://doi.org/10.32604/or.2023.028964

Received 19 January 2023; Accepted 25 April 2023; Issue published 25 June 2023

Abstract

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the most common fatal cancer worldwide, patients with HCC have a high mortality rate and poor prognosis. PANoptosis is a novel discovery of programmed cell death associated with cancer development. However, the role of PANoptosis in HCC remains obscure. In this study, we enrolled 274 PANoptosisrelated genes (PANRGs) and screened 8 genes to set up a prognostic model. A previous scoring system calculated PANscore was utilized to quantify the individual risk level of each HCC patient, and the reliability of the prognostic model has been validated in an external cohort. Nomogram constructed with PANscore and clinical characteristics were used to optimize individualized treatment for each patient. Single-cell analysis revealed a PANoptosis model associated with tumor immune cell infiltration, particularly natural killer (NK) cells. Further exploration of hub genes and assessment of the prognostic role of these 4 hub genes in HCC by quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) and immunohistochemistry (IHC). In conclusion, we evaluated a PANoptosis-based prognostic model as a potential prognostic biomarker for HCC patients.

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Keywords

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Supplementary Material

Supplementary Material File

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