Home / Journals / MCB / Vol.9, No.3, 2012
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    REVIEW

    The Three Filament Model of Skeletal Muscle Stability and Force Production

    Walter Herzog, Tim Leonard, Venus Joumaa, Michael DuVall§, Appaji Panchangam
    Molecular & Cellular Biomechanics, Vol.9, No.3, pp. 175-192, 2012, DOI:10.3970/mcb.2012.009.175
    Abstract Ever since the 1950s, muscle force regulation has been associated with the cross-bridge interactions between the two contractile filaments, actin and myosin. This gave rise to what is referred to as the "two-filament sarcomere model". This model does not predict eccentric muscle contractions well, produces instability of myosin alignment and force production on the descending limb of the force-length relationship, and cannot account for the vastly decreased ATP requirements of actively stretched muscles. Over the past decade, we and others, identified that a third myofilament, titin, plays an important role in stabilizing the sarcomere and More >

  • Open AccessOpen Access

    ARTICLE

    Tumor Growth Modeling from the Perspective of Multiphase Porous Media Mechanics

    G. Sciumè∗,†, S.E. Shelton, W.G. Gray, C.T. Miller, F. Hussain§,¶, M. Ferrari, P. Decuzzi, B.A. Schrefler∗,¶
    Molecular & Cellular Biomechanics, Vol.9, No.3, pp. 193-212, 2012, DOI:10.3970/mcb.2012.009.193
    Abstract Multiphase porous media mechanics is used for modeling tumor growth, using governing equations obtained via the Thermodynamically Constrained Averaging Theory (TCAT). This approach incorporates the interaction of more phases than legacy tumor growth models. The tumor is treated as a multiphase system composed of an extracellular matrix, tumor cells which may become necrotic depending on nutrient level and pressure, healthy cells and an interstitial fluid which transports nutrients. The governing equations are numerically solved within a Finite Element framework for predicting the growth rate of the tumor mass, and of its individual components, as a More >

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    ARTICLE

    Dynamic Lung Modeling and Tumor Tracking Using Deformable Image Registration and Geometric Smoothing

    Yongjie Zhang, Yiming Jing, Xinghua Liang, Guoliang Xu, Lei Dong
    Molecular & Cellular Biomechanics, Vol.9, No.3, pp. 213-226, 2012, DOI:10.3970/mcb.2012.009.213
    Abstract A greyscale-based fully automatic deformable image registration algorithm, based on an optical flow method together with geometric smoothing, is developed for dynamic lung modeling and tumor tracking. In our computational processing pipeline, the input data is a set of 4D CT images with 10 phases. The triangle mesh of the lung model is directly extracted from the more stable exhale phase (Phase 5). In addition, we represent the lung surface model in 3D volumetric format by applying a signed distance function and then generate tetrahedral meshes. Our registration algorithm works for both triangle and tetrahedral… More >

  • Open AccessOpen Access

    ARTICLE

    Effect of Matrix on Cardiomyocyte Viscoelastic Properties in 2D Culture

    Sandra Deitch, Bruce Z. Gao, Delphine Dean
    Molecular & Cellular Biomechanics, Vol.9, No.3, pp. 227-250, 2012, DOI:10.3970/mcb.2012.009.227
    Abstract Cardiomyocyte phenotype changes significantly in 2D culture systems depending on the substrate composition and organization. Given the variety of substrates that are used both for basic cardiac cell culture studies and for regenerative medicine applications, there is a critical need to understand how the different matrices influence cardiac cell mechanics. In the current study, the mechanical properties of neonatal rat cardiomyocytes cultured in a subconfluent layer upon aligned and unaligned collagen and fibronectin matrices were assessed over a two week period using atomic force microscopy. The elastic modulus was estimated by fitting the Hertz model… More >

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