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  • Open AccessOpen Access

    ABSTRACT

    Preface: The First International Symposium on Biomechanics and Mechanobiology in Cardiovascular System

    Zhiyong Li1,2,*, Dalin Tang1,3
    Molecular & Cellular Biomechanics, Vol.16, Suppl.1, pp. 1-7, 2019, DOI:10.32604/mcb.2019.05830
    Abstract Cardiovascular disease remains as the leading cause of death worldwide, and the technologies developed by different groups need to be communicated and shared with all related research communities for a boarder implementation. Challenges in imaging technology, mathematical modelling, material description, mechanical representation, disease progression, prediction methods, and final transition to clinical applications are calling for collaborative effort of the entire research community to act together and bring research effort closer to actual clinical applications. Researchers from different disciplines need to reach out to share their expertise, as well as to listen to other people to understand the big picture, understand… More >

  • Open AccessOpen Access

    ABSTRACT

    Systems Modeling of Cardiomyocyte Mechanobiology

    Philip M. Tan1, Kyle S. Buchholz2, Shulin Cao2, Yasser Aboelkassem2, Jeffrey H. Omens2, Andrew D. McCulloch2,*, Jeffrey J. Saucerman1
    Molecular & Cellular Biomechanics, Vol.16, Suppl.1, pp. 1-3, 2019, DOI:10.32604/mcb.2019.05693
    Abstract In this article, we summarize our systems model of cardiomyocyte mechano-signaling published in PLoS Computational Biology and discuss new approaches to extending these models to predict cardiac myocyte gene expression in response to stretch. More >

  • Open AccessOpen Access

    ABSTRACT

    Some Aspects in Mechano-Biology of Platelet and Leukocyte in Blood Flows

    Ying Fang1, Jianhua Wu1,*
    Molecular & Cellular Biomechanics, Vol.16, Suppl.1, pp. 5-6, 2019, DOI:10.32604/mcb.2019.05695
    Abstract For hemostasis and thrombosis, some proteins, such as Von Willebrand Factor (VWF, a multimeric plasma glycoprotein synthesized in endothelial cells and megakaryocytes and secreted to circulation or attached to endothelial cells), the metalloprotease ADAMTS13 (a disintegrin and metalloprotease with a thrombospondin type 1 motif, member 13), P-selectin (one of three selectin family members with a N-terminal C-type lectin domain, an epidermal growth factor (EGF)-like module, a series of consensus repeat (CR) units, a transmembrane segment and a short cyto-plasmic domain) and β2 integrin. In adhesion and aggregation of circulating platelets towards to the sites of vascular injury, VWF on vascular… More >

  • Open AccessOpen Access

    ABSTRACT

    The Role of Shear Stress in Atherosclerotic Plaque Progression, Destabilization and Rupture

    J. J. Wentzel1,*
    Molecular & Cellular Biomechanics, Vol.16, Suppl.1, pp. 7-8, 2019, DOI:10.32604/mcb.2019.05696
    Abstract The pathophysiology of atherosclerosis is complex and multifactorial, involving systemic risk factors and biomechanical stimuli. Atherosclerotic plaques predominantly form in regions that are exposed to low shear stress of the blood at the vessel wall, whereas regions of moderate and high shear stress are generally protected. For more than 20 years, my research group performs studies to investigate the role of shear stress in atherosclerotic plaque formation and rupture in coronary and carotid arteries of patients and laboratory animals. For that reason, new technology was developed to 3D reconstruct arteries based on fusion of multiple invasive and non-invasive imaging modalities.… More >

  • Open AccessOpen Access

    ABSTRACT

    An Analytical Investigation of in Vivo Mechanical References for Mechanobiological Experiments of Vascular Cells

    Shaoxiong Yang1, Xiaobo Gong1,*, Yingxin Qi2, Zonglai Jiang2
    Molecular & Cellular Biomechanics, Vol.16, Suppl.1, pp. 9-10, 2019, DOI:10.32604/mcb.2019.05701
    Abstract Blood vessels interact with their mechanical environments in a comprehensive way. Local mechanical stimuli outside the biological range play important roles in various human cardiovascular diseases. Although many mechanobiological studies of endothelial cells (ECs) and vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) in vitro have been reported in mimicking cellular dysfunctions, their quantitative correlations to the in vivo vascular conditions remain unclear. In order to interpret the stress-modulated dysfunctions of vascular cells and explore the key mechanical factors in vascular diseases, it is important to investigate the mechanical environments of vessel walls in vivo under various physiological conditions. Based on nonlinear continuum… More >

  • Open AccessOpen Access

    ABSTRACT

    Multi-Modality Image-Based Modeling Approach for Cardiovascular Disease: Simulation, Assessment, Prediction, and Virtual Surgery

    Dalin Tang1,2,*
    Molecular & Cellular Biomechanics, Vol.16, Suppl.1, pp. 11-11, 2019, DOI:10.32604/mcb.2019.05170
    Abstract Medical imaging and image-based modeling have made considerable progress in recent years in cardiovascular research, such as identifying atherosclerotic plaque morphological and mechanical risk factors which may be used in developing improved patient screening strategies, and performing virtual heart surgery seeking optimal surgical procedures for best post-surgical outcome. We will report recent progress in using multi-modality image-based models to predict vulnerable plaque progression and vulnerability change. In particular, we will report our recent results using IVUS+OCT data to obtain more accurate stress/strain calculations. Inflammation and cap erosion will affect cap material properties. If OCT image could provide inflammation and erosion… More >

  • Open AccessOpen Access

    ABSTRACT

    Modulation of Common Carotid Arterial Function by Exercise: A Hemodynamics Study

    Kairong Qin1,*
    Molecular & Cellular Biomechanics, Vol.16, Suppl.1, pp. 13-14, 2019, DOI:10.32604/mcb.2019.05703
    Abstract Common carotid arteries (CCAs) are the major arteries supplying blood to the brain, and the hemodynamic variables in which are closely associated with the cardiovascular diseases. Exercise can induce the hemodynamic responses in the CCAs, including variations in blood pressure, circumferential stretch, and wall shear stress (WSS). Mechanosensors in the endothelial cells (ECs) are able to sense and distinguish these variations as mechanical signals, and transmit them into the interior of cells to affect cellular morphology and gene expression. Notably, reasonable exercises improve arterial structure and function, while unreasonable exercises cause endothelial dysfunction. Therefore, studies on the modulation of common… More >

  • Open AccessOpen Access

    ABSTRACT

    Research and Clinical Applications of Biomechanical Analysis in Optimization of Coronary Interventions

    Shengxian Tu1,*
    Molecular & Cellular Biomechanics, Vol.16, Suppl.1, pp. 15-16, 2019, DOI:10.32604/mcb.2019.05704
    Abstract Coronary artery disease (CAD) is the leading cause of mortality and morbidity worldwide. It is the disease of the blood vessels supplying the heart muscle. The fatty plaques built within the walls of the coronary arteries might rupture, creating a thrombus, thereby blocking the entire flow through the vessel, which is followed by a heart attack. Patients who suffer from CAD with documented ischemia are predominately sent to the catheterization laboratory for an invasive procedure (PCI, or percutaneous coronary intervention) to open the vessel by the placement of a “stent” as a scaffolding device to release from ischemia. Identifying the… More >

  • Open AccessOpen Access

    ABSTRACT

    Fluid Structure Interactions in Ascending Thoracic Aortic Aneurysms

    Stéphane Avril1,*
    Molecular & Cellular Biomechanics, Vol.16, Suppl.1, pp. 17-18, 2019, DOI:10.32604/mcb.2019.05705
    Abstract The fluid mechanics community has been interested for many years in hemodynamics. More recently, significant endeavours of the solid mechanics community have permitted to establish constitutive equations and to achieve stress analyses in arterial lesions (atheromatous plaque in coronary or carotid arteries, aneurysms of the aorta). The mechanical properties of blood vessels have often been characterized ex vivo, but medical imaging, including MRI, now allows non-intrusive identifications in vivo. The spatial heterogeneity of these mechanical properties, even at the macroscopic scale, remains poorly explored despite its undeniable interest in understanding the mechanisms of remodeling and degeneration of the tissue. We… More >

  • Open AccessOpen Access

    ABSTRACT

    Finite Element Analysis for Type B Aortic Dissection Treated with Two Types of Stent Grafts

    Zhuangyuan Meng1, Tao Ma2, Shengzhang Wang1,*, Zhihui Dong2,*, Weiguo Fu2
    Molecular & Cellular Biomechanics, Vol.16, Suppl.1, pp. 19-21, 2019, DOI:10.32604/mcb.2019.05706
    Abstract This article has no abstract. More >

  • Open AccessOpen Access

    ABSTRACT

    Role of Intracoronary OCT in Diagnosis and Treatment of Acute Coronary Syndrome

    Haibo Jia1,*, Bo Yu1
    Molecular & Cellular Biomechanics, Vol.16, Suppl.1, pp. 23-24, 2019, DOI:10.32604/mcb.2019.05708
    Abstract Coronary angiography is the traditional standard imaging modality for visual evaluation of coronary anatomy and guidance of percutaneous coronary interventions (PCI). However, the 2-dimensional lumenogram cannot depict the arterial vessel per se and plaque characteristics, or directly assess the stenting result. Intracoronary imaging by means of intravascular ultrasound (IVUS) and optical coherence tomography (OCT) provides valuable incremental information that can be used clinically to optimize stent implantation and thereby minimize stent-related problems. Beyond guidance of stent selection and optimisation, imaging provides critical insights into the pathophysiology of acute coronary syndrome (ACS), greater clarity when confronted with angiographically ambiguous lesions and… More >

  • Open AccessOpen Access

    ABSTRACT

    Reliability and Variability of Hepatic Venous Pressure Gradient as a Surrogate of Portal Pressure Gradient: Insights from a Computational Model-Based Study

    Fuyou Liang1,*, Tianqi Wang1
    Molecular & Cellular Biomechanics, Vol.16, Suppl.1, pp. 25-26, 2019, DOI:10.32604/mcb.2019.05710
    Abstract Hepatic venous pressure gradient (HVPG) measurement has been increasingly accepted as a useful means for indirectly measuring portal venous pressure in patients with portal hypertension (PHT) caused by chronic liver diseases. Despite the existence of numerous studies addressing the clinical utility of HVPG measurement, it is as yet unclear how the accuracy of measured HVPG as a surrogate of portal pressure gradient (PPG) is influenced by the pathological status of the hepatic circulation that not only changes with the progression of liver disease but also differs considerably among patients. In addition, it remains unclear whether HVPGs measured in different hepatic… More >

  • Open AccessOpen Access

    ABSTRACT

    On the Image-Based Non-Invasive Diagnosis of Cardiovascular Diseases

    Peng Wu1,*, Qi Gao2, Runjie Wei3, Hongping Wang3, Lizhong Wang3
    Molecular & Cellular Biomechanics, Vol.16, Suppl.1, pp. 27-28, 2019, DOI:10.32604/mcb.2019.05711
    Abstract Cardiovascular diseases are the leading cause of human deaths worldwide. Traditional diagnostic tools of cardiovascular diseases are either based on 2D static medical images, or invasive, bringing troubles to both patients and doctors. Our team is committed to the development of image-based non-invasive diagnostic system for cardiovascular diseases. We have made progress mainly in the following areas: 1) 4D flow technology for heart and large blood vessels. According to MRI 4D Flow data, three-dimensional velocity fields within blood vessels were constructed. Divergence-fee smoothing (DFS) was proposed to eliminate the high frequency noise in the hemodynamic flow field, and make the… More >

  • Open AccessOpen Access

    ABSTRACT

    Atherosclerotic Plaque Rupture Prediction: Imaging-Based Computational Simulation and Multiphysical Modelling

    Zhiyong Li1,2,*
    Molecular & Cellular Biomechanics, Vol.16, Suppl.1, pp. 29-30, 2019, DOI:10.32604/mcb.2019.06308
    Abstract In this article, we summarize our previous work in imaging-based computational modelling and simulation of the interaction between blood flow and atherosclerotic plaque. We also discussed our recent developments in multiphysical modelling of plaque progression and destabilization. Significance and translation of the modelling study to clinical practice are discussed in order to better assess plaque vulnerability and accurately predict a possible rupture. More >

  • Open AccessOpen Access

    ABSTRACT

    Study on the Influence of Right Atrial Pressure on the Numerical Calculation of Fractional Flow Reserve

    Yue Feng1, Youjun Liu1,*
    Molecular & Cellular Biomechanics, Vol.16, Suppl.1, pp. 31-32, 2019, DOI:10.32604/mcb.2019.05713
    Abstract Coronary atherosclerotic heart disease, or coronary heart disease for short, is a heart disease caused by atherosclerotic lesions of coronary arteries, resulting in stenosis, spasm and live obstruction, leading to myocardial ischemia, hypoxia and even necrosis, and is the most common type of organ lesions caused by atherosclerosis. Coronary computed tomograph angiography (CCTA) has been the most effective method for examining coronary heart disease, but this method can only be judged from the morphology. It has been shown that when the coronary stenosis rate is as high as 70%, only 32% of blood vessels can cause myocardial ischemia. Therefore, there… More >

  • Open AccessOpen Access

    ABSTRACT

    TET1 Alternative Isoform Regulates Oscillatory Shear Stress Induced Endothelial Dysfunction

    Lu Huang1, Juhui Qiu1,*, Guixue Wang1,*
    Molecular & Cellular Biomechanics, Vol.16, Suppl.1, pp. 33-34, 2019, DOI:10.32604/mcb.2019.05714
    Abstract Oscillatory shear stress (OSS) is one of the major risk factors related to endothelial (EC) dysfunction, which contributes to atherosclerosis. Our previous study indicated that inhibitor of DNA binding 1 (Id1) plays vital role in the regulation of OSS mediated EC function related to atherosclerosis. However, the initiation mechanism during this process remains to be elucidated. Ten-eleven Translocation protein 1 alternative isoform (Tet1s) is a newly reported protein that may have function in adult tissue. Here, we investigate the role of Tet1s in regulating OSS mediated endothelial dysfunction and its underlying mechanism. First, physical interaction between Tet1s and Id1 was… More >

  • Open AccessOpen Access

    ABSTRACT

    Approach to the Flow Rate Distribution of Coronary Branches in the Calculation of Fractional Flow Reserve

    Aike Qiao1,*, Honghui Zhang1, Jun Xia1
    Molecular & Cellular Biomechanics, Vol.16, Suppl.1, pp. 35-35, 2019, DOI:10.32604/mcb.2019.05715
    Abstract In order to improve the calculation accuracy of computed tomography angiography-derived fractional flow reserve (FFRCT), a mathematical model for setting the patient-specific flow boundary condition was proposed, in which some independent physiological parameters, such as myocardial mass, diastolic blood pressure, heart rate and vessel volume were considered. This model was employed to simulate hemodynamics in sixteen patients with coronary stenosis. The results of FFRCT demonstrated good consistency with invasively measured FFR. The diagnostic accuracy of FFRCT was 85%. The proposed model offers a new approach to improve the accuracy of FFRCT, as well as promotes the clinical application of FFRCT. More >

  • Open AccessOpen Access

    ABSTRACT

    The Effect of Sinus Diameter on the Opening and Closing Performance of Aortic Valve Under the Expansion of Aortic Root

    Qianwen Hou1, Aike Qiao1,*
    Molecular & Cellular Biomechanics, Vol.16, Suppl.1, pp. 37-37, 2019, DOI:10.32604/mcb.2019.05717
    Abstract In order to explore the effect of aortic sinus diameter on aortic valve opening and closing performance in the case that aortic valve itself has no obvious disease and aortic root expands continuously. In this study, 20 groups of aortic root models with different aortic sinus and root diameters were constructed according to the size of clinical surgical guidance to simulate the possible expansion of aortic root at the later stage of operation. The valve sinus diameter DS were set to 32 mm, 36 mm, 40 mm and 44 mm, the aortic root diameter DA values were set to 26… More >

  • Open AccessOpen Access

    ABSTRACT

    The Degree of Question Mark of Aorta Can Predict the Thrombosis Rate in the False Lumen of a Type-B Aortic Dissection After TEVAR

    Da Li1,#, Liqing Peng2,#, Yi Wang3, Ding Yuan4, Tinghui Zheng1,*
    Molecular & Cellular Biomechanics, Vol.16, Suppl.1, pp. 39-39, 2019, DOI:10.32604/mcb.2019.05718
    Abstract Objective: Thoracic endovascular aortic repair (TEVAR) of type B aortic dissection (AD) is to initiate the thrombosis in the false lumen to eventually result in aortic remodeling. We aim to find out whether the false lumen (FL) thrombosis rate after TEVAR can be predicted accurately by an index that expresses the degree of aortic arch angulation. Method: Three-dimensional aortic arch geometry of 39 type B AD patients (mean age: 48 years) after TEVR were reconstructed from post-operative CT images. For the first time, the question mark which takes into account the curvature of both aortic arch and the descending aorta… More >

  • Open AccessOpen Access

    ABSTRACT

    Echo-Based FSI Models to Simulate Ventricular Electrical Signal Conduction in Pig Pacemaker Models

    Longling Fan1, Jing Yao2, Chun Yang3, Di Xu2, Dalin Tang1,4,*
    Molecular & Cellular Biomechanics, Vol.16, Suppl.1, pp. 41-41, 2019, DOI:10.32604/mcb.2019.05720
    Abstract Cardiac pacing has been an effective treatment in the management of patients with arrhythmia. Different pacemaker location may have different impact on pacemaker effectiveness. A novel image-based ventricle animal modeling approach was proposed to integrate echocardiography images, propagating dynamic electric potential on ventricle surface to perform myocardial function assessment. The models will be used to simulate ventricular electrical signal conduction and optimize pacemaker location for better cardiac outcome. One health female adult pig weight 42.5 kg was used to make pacing animal model with different ventricle pacing locations. Pig health status was assessed before undergoing experimental procedures. Ventricle surface electric… More >

  • Open AccessOpen Access

    ABSTRACT

    Mechanical Characterization and Constitutive Modeling of Rabbit Aortas in Health and Diabetes

    Zhi Zhang1, Jianhua Tong1,*
    Molecular & Cellular Biomechanics, Vol.16, Suppl.1, pp. 43-43, 2019, DOI:10.32604/mcb.2019.05721
    Abstract Diabetes is a major risk factor to cause macrovascular diseases and plays a pivotal role in aortic wall remodeling. However, the effects of diabetes on elastic properties of aortas remain largely unknown. Thirty adult rabbits (1.6-2.2 kg) were collected and the type I diabetic rabbit model was induced by injection of alloxan. A total of 15 control and 15 diabetic rabbit (abdominal) aortas were harvested. Uniaxial and biaxial tensile tests were performed to measure ultimate tensile strength and to characterize biaxial mechanical behaviors of the aortas. A material model was fitted to the biaxial experimental data to obtain constitutive parameters.… More >

  • Open AccessOpen Access

    ABSTRACT

    Effect of Ultrafine Nano-Zinc Particles on Cardiac Structure and Function in Myocardial Infarction Rabbits

    Pei Niu1, Li Li1, Yufan Huang2, Yunlong Huo3,*
    Molecular & Cellular Biomechanics, Vol.16, Suppl.1, pp. 45-45, 2019, DOI:10.32604/mcb.2019.05724
    Abstract Due to ultrafine Nano-zinc particles are major component of PM0.1, so we aimed to investigate how ultrafine Nano-zinc particles effect on cardiac structure and function in myocardial infarction (MI) rabbits. We chose twenty-four New Zealand rabbits who were divided into sham group, MI group and MI exposure group randomly, 8 rabbits in each group. We preformed LAD ligation operation in MI group and MI exposure group. After two weeks rabbits suffered from MI successfully, we put the MI exposure group into ventilation chamber filled with 500 ug/m3 ultrafine Nano-zinc particles for 6 hours per day. Sham group and MI group… More >

  • Open AccessOpen Access

    ABSTRACT

    The Effect of Short-Term Exposure in PM0.1 on Cardiac Remodeling and Dysfunction in Myocardial Infraction Mice

    Yufan Huang1, Pei Niu2, Li Li2, Yunlong Huo3,*
    Molecular & Cellular Biomechanics, Vol.16, Suppl.1, pp. 47-47, 2019, DOI:10.32604/mcb.2019.05726
    Abstract We aimed to illustrate the association between short-term exposure PM0.1 and heart failure in myocardial infarction (MI) mice. Six-week-old ICR mice were divided into three groups randomly: sham group, MI group and MI exposure group, 12 mice in each group. LAD ligation operation was performed in MI group and MI exposure group. After postoperative two weeks MI exposure mice were put into ventilation chamber which filled with 500 ug/m3 PM0.1 for 6 hours per day, while MI group mice and sham group mice were cultivated in normal environment. After exposure 8 weeks, we use Vevo 2100 machine to acquire heart… More >

  • Open AccessOpen Access

    ABSTRACT

    Neovascularization and Intraplaque Hemorrhage in Atherosclerotic Plaque Destabilization-A Mathematical Model

    Muyi Guo1, Yan Cai1, Zhiyong Li1,2,*
    Molecular & Cellular Biomechanics, Vol.16, Suppl.1, pp. 49-49, 2019, DOI:10.32604/mcb.2019.05727
    Abstract Observational studies have identified angiogenesis from the adventitial vasa vasorum and intraplaque hemorrhage (IPH) as critical factors in atherosclerotic plaque progression and destabilization. Here we propose a mathematical model incorporating intraplaque neovascularization and hemodynamic calculation for the quantitative evaluation of atherosclerotic plaque hemorrhage. An angiogenic microvasculature based on histology of a patient’s carotid plaque is generated by two-dimensional nine-point model of endothelial cell migration. Three key cells (endothelial cells, smooth muscle cells and macrophages) and three key chemicals (vascular endothelial growth factors, extracellular matrix and matrix metalloproteinase) are involved in the intraplaque angiogenesis model, and described by the reaction-diffusion partial… More >

  • Open AccessOpen Access

    ABSTRACT

    Influence of Competitive Flow Caused by Different Stenosis on Coronary Artery Bypass Hemodynamics and PIV Study

    Chunbo Jin1, Youjun Liu1,*
    Molecular & Cellular Biomechanics, Vol.16, Suppl.1, pp. 51-52, 2019, DOI:10.32604/mcb.2019.05728
    Abstract Coronary heart disease (CHD) is one of the most common forms of heart disease, which means that coronary stenosis can cause insufficient blood supply to the heart and lead to coronary heart disease. Coronary artery bypass grafting (coronary bypass) is often used in the treatment of patients with coronary heart disease. After surgery, because the stenosis of the coronary artery is not completely occluded, the blood flow through it will compete with the blood flow of the graft, making it possible to transplant blood vessels. The blood flow is affected, reducing long-term permeability. When the coronary artery is completely stenotic,… More >

  • Open AccessOpen Access

    ABSTRACT

    Mechanical Analysis of a Novel Biodegradable Zinc Alloy Stent Based on Degradation Model

    Kun Peng1, Xinyang Cui1, Aike Qiao1,*, Makoto Ohta2, Koji Shimoyama2, Yongliang Mu3
    Molecular & Cellular Biomechanics, Vol.16, Suppl.1, pp. 53-53, 2019, DOI:10.32604/mcb.2019.05729
    Abstract Biodegradable stents which can avoid risks caused by incompatibility between artery and permanent stents are attracting much interests. However, biodegradable stents have not been extensively applied in clinical therapy because of their insufficient scaffold performance as a result of poor Young’s Modulus of biodegradable materials and weaken structures in degradation process. In this study, a patented stent and a common stent were simulated to degrade in a 40% stenotic vesel based on a corrosion model involving uniform corrosion and stress corrosion. In the degradation process, the scaffold performance of the two stents and their functionality on reshaping diseased vessels are… More >

  • Open AccessOpen Access

    ABSTRACT

    Numerical Investigation of the Hemodynamic Environment Change in Patient-Specific Intracranial Aneurysm with Progressive Stenosis in Unilateral Internal Carotid Artery

    Guangyu Zhu1, Yuan Wei1, Qi Yuan1,*, Ge Yan2, Jian Yang2
    Molecular & Cellular Biomechanics, Vol.16, Suppl.1, pp. 55-56, 2019, DOI:10.32604/mcb.2019.05730
    Abstract This article has no abstract. More >

  • Open AccessOpen Access

    ABSTRACT

    Characterization of Coronary Atherosclerotic Plaque Composition Based on Convolutional Neural Network (CNN)

    Yifan Yin1, Chunliu He1, Biao Xu2, Zhiyong Li1,*
    Molecular & Cellular Biomechanics, Vol.16, Suppl.1, pp. 57-57, 2019, DOI:10.32604/mcb.2019.05732
    Abstract The tissue composition and morphological structure of atherosclerotic plaques determine its stability or vulnerability. Intravascular optical coherence tomography (IVOCT) has rapidly become the method of choice for assessing the pathology of the coronary arterial wall in vivo due to its superior resolution. However, in clinical practice, the analysis of plaque composition of OCT images mainly relies on the interpretation of images by well-trained experts, which is a time-consuming, labor-intensive procedure and it is also subjective. The purpose of this study is to use the Convolutional neural network (CNN) method to automatically extract the best feature information from the OCT images… More >

  • Open AccessOpen Access

    ABSTRACT

    Numerical Investigation of the Hemodynamics Characteristics in Coronary Bifurcation Region with Different Dual Stent Implantation Techniques

    Guangyu Zhu1, Wei Cai2,*, Qi Yuan1, Lianglong Chen2
    Molecular & Cellular Biomechanics, Vol.16, Suppl.1, pp. 59-60, 2019, DOI:10.32604/mcb.2019.05733
    Abstract This article has no abstract. More >

  • Open AccessOpen Access

    ABSTRACT

    Vascular Stress Analysis During in Vivo Intravascular Optical Coherence Tomography Imaging

    Junjie Jia1, Cuiru Sun1,*
    Molecular & Cellular Biomechanics, Vol.16, Suppl.1, pp. 61-64, 2019, DOI:10.32604/mcb.2019.05736
    Abstract Intravascular optical coherence tomography (IVOCT) has been employed to clinical coronary imaging for several years. But the influence of flushing and OCT catheter to the blood vessel biomechanical properties have not been studied. In this paper, IVOCT imaging is integrated with the fluid-structure interaction (FSI) simulation to study the blood flow velocity and the stress distribution of a porcine carotid artery during IVOCT imaging. 3D geometric model is built based on the in vivo OCT images, and a hyperelastic model is employed for the material properties of the vascular wall. The blood flow profile and wall stress distributions under various… More >

  • Open AccessOpen Access

    ABSTRACT

    Finite Element Analysis of Fatigue Behavior of Stent in Tapered Arteries

    Xiang Shen1,*, Hongfei Zhu1, Song Ji1, Jiabao Jiang1, Yongquan Deng1
    Molecular & Cellular Biomechanics, Vol.16, Suppl.1, pp. 65-65, 2019, DOI:10.32604/mcb.2019.05737
    Abstract In order to open up the blocked lumen and remodel the blood environment, vascular stents were usually used to transplant into narrowed blood vessels. Due to its minimally invasive and highly efficiency, stenting has achieved great success in the treatment of cardiovascular diseases. However, failure of stents due to its fatigue will damage the arterial wall, leading to adverse reactions such as thrombosis and in-stent restenosis (ISR), which severely limited its long-term outcome. Therefore, it was very important to predict the service life of stents, especially in tapered arteries.
    FEA was adopted to study the effects of arterial tapering… More >

  • Open AccessOpen Access

    ABSTRACT

    Vascular Deformation Analysis Based on in Vivo Intravascular Optical Coherence Tomography Imaging

    Ju Huang1, Cuiru Sun1,*
    Molecular & Cellular Biomechanics, Vol.16, Suppl.1, pp. 67-68, 2019, DOI:10.32604/mcb.2019.05738
    Abstract Intravascular optical coherence tomography (OCT) has the characteristics of high resolution and fast imaging speed. Continuous images of the same section of the same vessel can reflect the deformation characteristics of the vessel wall under different blood pressure. Digital image processing may be used to segment various structures on the vascular wall and extract the deformation incorporating with biomechanical analysis. Image filtering plays a very important role in image processing. Median filter was used to filter salt and pepper noise in OCT images. Fuzzy function gray processing method was used to suppress irrelevant information and improve image clarity. Dividing point… More >

  • Open AccessOpen Access

    ABSTRACT

    Papillary Muscle Related Biomechanical Properties of Mitral Valve Chordae Tendineae

    Shengda Chen1,2, Candra Ratna Sari1, Patrick Segers2, Guixue Wang1, Xingshuang Ma1,*
    Molecular & Cellular Biomechanics, Vol.16, Suppl.1, pp. 69-70, 2019, DOI:10.32604/mcb.2019.05740
    Abstract This article has no abstract. More >

  • Open AccessOpen Access

    ABSTRACT

    Comparison of Aortic Flow Patterns in Patients with and without Aortic Valve Disease: Hemodynamic Simulation Based on PC-MRI and CTA Data

    Lijian Xu1,2, Lekang Yin3, Fuyou Liang1,2,*
    Molecular & Cellular Biomechanics, Vol.16, Suppl.1, pp. 71-72, 2019, DOI:10.32604/mcb.2019.05741
    Abstract Recent studies have revealed that aortic valve diseases are associated with the increased incidence of the aortopathy development. However, the influence of aortic valve diseases on aortic hemodynamics remains unclear. The purpose of this study was therefore to investigate the hemodynamic differences in patients with and without aortic valve disease through patient-specific simulations performed on two aorta models (BAV with severe stenosis vs. normal tricuspid aortic valve (TAV)). Realistic geometries and boundary conditions were obtained from computed tomography angiography (CTA) and phase-contrast magnetic resonance imaging (PC-MRI) measurements, respectively. In addition, 4D-MRI were performed to validate the numerical methods used to… More >

  • Open AccessOpen Access

    ABSTRACT

    Ventricle Stress/Strain Comparison Between Models Using Different Zero-Load Diastole and Systole Morphologies and Models Using Only One Zero-Load Morphologies

    Han Yu1, Pedro J. del Nido2, Tal Geva3, Chun Yang4, Zheyang Wu4, Rahul H. Rathod3, Xueying Huang5, Kristen L. Billiar6, Dalin Tang1,4,*
    Molecular & Cellular Biomechanics, Vol.16, Suppl.1, pp. 73-74, 2019, DOI:10.32604/mcb.2019.05837
    Abstract Ventricle mechanical stress and strain calculations play an important role in cardiovascular investigations. Patients with repaired tetralogy of Fallot (TOF) account for the majority of cases with late onset right ventricular (RV) failure. The current surgical approach, including pulmonary valve replacement(PVR), has yielded mixed results with some patients recover RV function after pulmonary valve insertion with or without concomitant RV remodeling surgery but some do not[Therrien, Siu and McLaughlin (2000);]. Cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) data were collected from 6 healthy volunteers and 12 Tetralogy of Fallot (TOF) patients before PVR with consent obtained. 12 patients were divided into two groups… More >

  • Open AccessOpen Access

    ABSTRACT

    Predicting Plaque Progression Using Patient-Specific Fluid-Structure-Interaction Models Based on IVUS and OCT Images with Follow-Up

    Xiaoya Guo1, Dalin Tang1,2,*, David Molony3, Chun Yang2, Habib Samady3, Jie Zheng4, Gary S. Mintz5, Akiko Maehara5, Jian Zhu6, Genshan Ma6, Mitsuaki Matsumura5, Don P. Giddens3,7
    Molecular & Cellular Biomechanics, Vol.16, Suppl.1, pp. 75-76, 2019, DOI:10.32604/mcb.2019.05743
    Abstract Atherosclerotic plaque progression is generally considered to be closely associated with morphological and mechanical factors. Plaque morphological information on intravascular ultrasound (IVUS) and optical coherence tomography (OCT) images could complement each other and provide for more accurate plaque morphology. Fluid-structure interaction (FSI) models combining IVUS and OCT were constructed to obtain accurate plaque stress/strain and flow shear stress data for analysis. Accuracy and completeness of imaging and advanced modeling lead to accurate plaque progression predictions.
    In vivo IVUS and OCT coronary plaque data at baseline and follow-up were acquired from left circumflex coronary and right coronary artery of one… More >

  • Open AccessOpen Access

    ABSTRACT

    Biomechanical Implications of Bicuspid Pulmonary Valve Dynamic Deformation in Patients with Repaired Tetralogy of Fallot

    Caili Li1, Jing Yao2, Chun Yang3, Di Xu2, Liang Wang4, Dalin Tang4,5,*
    Molecular & Cellular Biomechanics, Vol.16, Suppl.1, pp. 77-78, 2019, DOI:10.32604/mcb.2019.05745
    Abstract Pulmonary valve stenosis (PVS) is one common post-operative problem in patients with tetralogy of Fallot (TOF) after repair. Congenital bicuspid pulmonary valve (BPV) is a condition of valvular stenosis, and the occurrence of congenital BPV is often associated with TOF. Compared with the biomechanical simulation model of the bicuspid aortic valve, the BPV is often neglected. In this study, we developed a dynamic biomechanical model of a simulated normal pulmonary root (PR) with tri-leaflet and a model of simulated PR with BPV in patients with repaired TOF in order to describe the effect of geometric structure with BPV on the… More >

  • Open AccessOpen Access

    ABSTRACT

    Automatic Segmentation Methods Based on Machine Learning for Intracoronary Optical Coherence Tomography Image

    Caining Zhang1, Xiaoya Guo2, Dalin Tang1,3,*, David Molony4, Chun Yang3, Habib Samady4, Jie Zheng5, Gary S. Mintz6, Akiko Maehara6, Mitsuaki Matsumura6, Don P. Giddens4,7
    Molecular & Cellular Biomechanics, Vol.16, Suppl.1, pp. 79-80, 2019, DOI:10.32604/mcb.2019.05747
    Abstract Cardiovascular diseases are closely associated with sudden rupture of atherosclerotic plaques. Previous image modalities such as magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and intravascular ultrasound (IVUS) were unable to identify vulnerable plaques due to their limited resolution. Optical coherence tomography (OCT) is an advanced intravascular imaging technique developed in recent years which has high resolution approximately 10 microns and could provide more accurate morphology of coronary plaque. In particular, it is now possible to identify plaques with fibrous cap thickness <65 μm, an accepted threshold value for vulnerable plaques. However, the current segmentation of OCT images are still performed manually by physicians… More >

  • Open AccessOpen Access

    ABSTRACT

    Using 3D Thin-Layer Model with in Vivo Patient-Specific Vessel Material Properties to Assesse Carotid Atherosclerotic Plaque Vulnerability

    Qingyu Wang1, Dalin Tang1,2,*, Gador Canton3, Zheyang Wu2, Thomas S. Hatsukami4, Kristen L Billiar5, Chun Yuan6
    Molecular & Cellular Biomechanics, Vol.16, Suppl.1, pp. 81-82, 2019, DOI:10.32604/mcb.2019.05748
    Abstract This article has no abstract. More >

  • Open AccessOpen Access

    ABSTRACT

    Numerical Simulation of the Granulation Tissue Resection Operation in Human Trachea

    Zhiguo Zhang1,*, Chen Jiang2
    Molecular & Cellular Biomechanics, Vol.16, Suppl.1, pp. 83-84, 2019, DOI:10.32604/mcb.2019.05749
    Abstract To quantitatively analyze the aerodynamic changes in patient's trachea after the resection operation of hyperplastic granulation tissue, computational fluid dynamic (CFD) method was utilized to perform the simulation. Firstly, three dimensional finite element model of the patient’s trachea before and after surgery were reconstructed based on CT images; secondly, the numerical simulation based on CFD method was performed to investigate the changes in aerodynamic changes in patient's trachea after excision. Results indicated that the dyspnea symptom was largely alleviated after the removal surgery, the abnormal morphology was obviously improved and the resistance of trachea was decreased significantly. Present research also… More >

  • Open AccessOpen Access

    ABSTRACT

    The Influence of Enhanced External Counterpulsation Intervention on the Biomechanical Stress Distribution of Advanced Plaque: A 3D FSI Study Based on in vivo Animal Experiment

    Yahui Zhang1, Hui Wang1,2, Zhouming Mai1,2, Jianhang Du1,2,3,*, Guifu Wu1,2,3
    Molecular & Cellular Biomechanics, Vol.16, Suppl.1, pp. 85-86, 2019, DOI:10.32604/mcb.2019.05836
    Abstract Enhanced external counter pulsation (EECP) is an effective therapy to provide beneficial assistance for the failing heart by reducing cardiac afterload and increasing blood flow perfusion noninvasively. The technique of EECP involves the use of the EECP device to inflate and deflate a series of compression cuffs wrapped around the patient’s calves, lower thighs, and upper thighs. As the result, the enhanced flow perfusion is derived from the device’s propelling blood from veins of lower body to arteries of upper body and increases the blood supply for the important organs and brain. In the ACCF/AHA Guideline and ESC Guideline on… More >

  • Open AccessOpen Access

    ABSTRACT

    High Glucose Reduces the Shear Stress-Induced CD59 Expression on EPCs through F-Actin Alteration

    Na Liu1, Xiaoyun Zhang2, Yuzhen Ding2, Hong Li2, Xiumei Guan2, Min Cheng2,*, Xiaodong Cui2,*
    Molecular & Cellular Biomechanics, Vol.16, Suppl.1, pp. 87-87, 2019, DOI:10.32604/mcb.2019.05751
    Abstract Objective: Endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) play a vital role in postnatal vascular injury and repair, especially vasculogenesis and angiogenesis. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of laminar shear stress in attenuating the decreased-expression of complement regulatory protein CD59 and the mechanism of cytoskeleton F-actin. Methods: EPCs were isolated from human umbilical vein blood and planted on glass slides, which applied to the laminar shear stress force (12 dyne/cm2) in a high glucose (20 mM) culture environment. The gene and protein expression of CD59 were detected by SYBGreen quantitative PCR and fluorescence activated cell sorter (FACS) respectively.… More >

  • Open AccessOpen Access

    ABSTRACT

    Effect and Mechanism of Kir2.1 Channel Overexpression on Transdifferentiation of Endothelial Progenitor Cells

    Jifeng Li1,#, Yanting He1,#, Xiaoyun Zhang1, Hong Li1, Xiumei Guan1, Min Cheng1,*, Xiaodong Cui1,*
    Molecular & Cellular Biomechanics, Vol.16, Suppl.1, pp. 89-89, 2019, DOI:10.32604/mcb.2019.05753
    Abstract Objective: The propose of the study is to investigate the specific effects of the mechanically sensitive channel Kir2.1 on the transdifferentiation of EPCs so as to understand the molecular mechanism of pathological vascular remodeling. Methods: Endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) were isolated from rat bone marrow and cultured in EGM2 medium in vitro. The recombinant lentiviral vectors carrying Kir2.1 (NM_017296.1) gene was designed and constructed in order to overexpress the gene. The smooth muscle cells (SMCs) molecules marker on EPCs, such as α-SMA, FSP1 and α-SM22, were detected by RT-PCR and cellular immunofluorescence. In addition, cell angiogenic capacity and migration in… More >

  • Open AccessOpen Access

    ABSTRACT

    The Role of Autophagy in the Differentiation of EPCs Induced by Shear Stress

    Xiumei Guan1, Hong Li1, Xin Li1, Xiaoyun Zhang1, Xiaodong Cui1, Hong Yan1, Yuzhen Wang2, Shunmei Liu2, Min Cheng3,*
    Molecular & Cellular Biomechanics, Vol.16, Suppl.1, pp. 91-91, 2019, DOI:10.32604/mcb.2019.05755
    Abstract Aims: Endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) play an important role in postnatal angiogenesis and neovascularization. Previous studies have revealed shear stress could accelerate EPC proliferation, differentiation, migration and so on, which contribute to postnatal angiogenesis and neovascularization. Moreover, some studies indicate that autophagy actively participates angiogenesis by affecting EPC migration and differentiation. Here, we try to elucidate the possible roles of autophagy of EPC differentiation induced by shear stress. Methods and Results: EPCs were exposed to shear stress (12 dyne/cm2). And then the expression of autophagy markers, such as LC3Ⅱ/Ⅰ, P62andATG5, were analyzed using Western blot. The results have shown that… More >

  • Open AccessOpen Access

    ABSTRACT

    The Role of P53 in Transdifferentiation of EPCs into Smooth Muscle Cells Induced by Oscillatory Shear Stress

    Yu Gao1, Meiyue Wang1, Yanting He1, Lanlan Li1, Xiaodong Cui1, Min Cheng1,*, Xiaoyun Zhang1,*
    Molecular & Cellular Biomechanics, Vol.16, Suppl.1, pp. 93-93, 2019, DOI:10.32604/mcb.2019.05758
    Abstract This study examines the effects of P53 in transdifferentiation of endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) into smooth muscle cells induced by oscillatory shear stress. Endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) were planted on slide and treated with 4 dyne/cm2 oscillatory shear stress (OSS). Results showed that the expression P53 was decreased time dependent after OSS. The OSS also attenuated the endothelial cells marker vWF and CD31 expression but enhanced the marker of smooth muscle cell α-SMA and SM22 expression in EPCs. After EPCs were pretreated with P53 agonist, the changes of angiogenesis in vitro were detected by matrix gel, and the expressions of… More >

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