Open Access

ARTICLE

3D Bio-Plotted Composite Scaffold Made of Collagen Treated Hydroxyapatite-Tricalciumphosphate for Rabbit Tibia Bone Regeneration

Pranav S. Sapkal^1*, Abhaykumar M. Kuthe¹, Divya Ganapathy², Shantanu C. Mathankar³, Sudhanshu Kuthe⁴

1 Department of Mechanical Engineering, Visvesvaraya National Institute of Technology, Nagpur, India.
2 CEO and Founder at Regulatory1, Bengaluru, India.
3 Department of Biochemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology, Delhi, India.
4 Department of Metallurgical & Materials Engineering, Visvesvaraya National Institute of Technology, Nagpur, India.

* Corresponding Author: Pranav S. Sapkal-

Molecular & Cellular Biomechanics 2016, 13(2), 115-136. https://doi.org/10.3970/mcb.2016.013.131

Abstract

Biphasic calcium phosphate scaffolds with 20/80 HA/TCP ratio were fabricated using the 3D-Bioplotting system to heal critical size defects in rabbit tibia bone. Four different architectures were printed in a layer by layer fashion with lay down patterns viz. (a) 0°– 90°, (b) 0°– 45°– 90°– 135°, (c) 0°–108°– 216° and (d) 0°– 60°– 120°. After high-temperature sintering scaffolds were coated with collagen and were further characterized by (FTIR) Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy, (SEM) Scanning Electron Microscopy, (XRD) X-Ray diffraction, Porosity analysis and Mechanical testing. Scaffold samples were tested for its ability to induce cytotoxicity in Balb/c 3T3 cells at in vitro condition using elution method. Skin sensitization potential of scaffolds was evaluated in male guinea pigs using guinea pig maximization test (GPMT). Further, scaffolds were implanted in eight rabbit tibia bones and biocompatibility and histological evaluations were carried out after 4 and 8 weeks implantation periods. In-vitro results include bonding, surface morphology, phases, porosity, mechanical strength and Cytotoxicity. In-vivo results include sensitization, capsule formation, inflammation, presence of polymorphonuclear cells, giant cells, plasma cells, X-Rays and degradation of the material. It was concluded that HA/TCP/Collagen scaffold with 0°– 45°– 90°– 135° architecture exhibits the most excellent properties in healing critical size bone defects in rabbits.

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Keywords

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