Open Access

REVIEW

Biodegradable Materials as Nanocarriers for Drugs and Nutrients

by Xingran Kou^1,2, Qixuan Zhao², Wenwen Xu², Zuobing Xiao², Yunwei Niu², Kai Wang^3,*

1 Key Laboratory of Textile Science & Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Textiles, Donghua University, Shanghai, 201620, China
2 School of Perfume and Aroma Technology, Shanghai Institute of Technology, Shanghai, 201418, China
3 R&D Center of China Tobacco Yunnan Industrial Co., Ltd., Kunming, 650231, China

* Corresponding Author: Kai Wang. Email:

(This article belongs to the Special Issue: Food Packaging Materials Based on Renewable Resources)

Journal of Renewable Materials 2021, 9(7), 1189-1211. https://doi.org/10.32604/jrm.2021.015268

Received 05 December 2020; Accepted 13 January 2021; Issue published 18 March 2021

Abstract

Several important drugs and nutritional supplements are limited by their lack of bioavailability. Nanomaterials display unique beneficial properties that might help improve the bioavailability of drugs and nutritional supplements. Unfortunately, nanomaterials produced from synthetic polymers and metals may have similar difficulties with bioavailability and toxicity. Naturally occurring biopolymers are biodegradable and non-toxic and are adaptable to the synthesis of nanoparticles. Drugs and other substances can be encapsulated or embedded in such particles with an increase in bioavailability. The search for biodegradable nanomaterials is an active research field. This review summarizes the research on nanocrystalline cellulose, starch, lignin, and other biological and environment-friendly nanocomposites which are commonly used as nanocarriers for drugs and nutrients. Further, prospects for the use of biodegradable nanomaterials in targeted therapy, including environmentally responsive therapy, are discussed.

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