Open Access

ARTICLE

Biodegradable Behavior of Waste Wool and Their Recycled Polyester Preforms in Aqueous and Soil Conditions

by Sudhakar Muniyasamy^1,2,*, Asis Patnaik^3,*

1 Nanostructured and Advanced Materials, Chemicals Cluster, CSIR, Pretoria, 0001, South Africa
2 Department of Chemistry, Nelson Mandela University, Port Elizabeth, 6001, South Africa
3 Department of Clothing and Textile Technology, Faculty of Engineering and the Built Environment, Cape Peninsula University of Technology, Bellville Campus, Cape Town, 7535, South Africa

* Corresponding Authors: Sudhakar Muniyasamy. Email: ; Asis Patnaik. Email:

(This article belongs to the Special Issue: Plastic waste management towards a sustainable future)

Journal of Renewable Materials 2021, 9(10), 1661-1671. https://doi.org/10.32604/jrm.2021.014904

Received 06 November 2020; Accepted 19 February 2021; Issue published 12 May 2021

Abstract

Present study deals with the biodegradable behavior of individual components and their preforms of nonwoven biocomposites developed from waste wool fibers including coring wool (CW), dorper wool (DW) and recycled polyester fibers (RPET). A respirometric technique was employed to estimate the production of CO₂ during the biodegradation experiments under soil and aqueous media conditions. Functional groups of test samples before and after biodegradation were analyzed using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). Leaching chemicals such as formaldehyde (hydrolyzed) and Chromium VI (Cr VI) was also measured. The CO₂ emission in wool fibers CW and DW indicated 90% and 60% biodegradation in soil burial and aqueous media conditions respectively, for 100 days incubation. RPET fibers, 20% and 10% biodegradation in soil burial and aqueous media conditions was measured respectively while the preforms of waste wool and RPET reflected 30% and 25% biodegradation in soil burial and aqueous media conditions, respectively. The degradation of end functional groups such as carbonyl (keto and ester), aldehyde and hydroxyl were also confirmed by FTIR. The DW and CW wool fibers showed higher Cr(VI) concentration as compared to the RPET. The released formaldehyde results showed higher concentration for RPET preforms as compared to waste wool preforms. These results suggest that waste wool preforms are extremely environment friendly as compared to RPET preforms. Thus, waste wool preforms it can be potentially utilized for preparing biocomposite materials and associated biobased products.

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