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Jinxing Li¹, Jun Zhang^1,*, Yunxia Zhou¹, Zhaoling Zhou¹, Hisham Essawy², Xiaojian Zhou^1,*, Guanben Du¹
Journal of Renewable Materials, Vol.8, No.9, pp. 1019-1032, 2020, DOI:10.32604/jrm.2020.012374 - 03 August 2020
Abstract Simple bio-based abrasive grinding wheel based on thermosetting resin matrix was developed starting with condensed tannin and furfuryl alcohol, which are mainly derived from forest and agricultural products like tree barks, wheat and crops. Fourier transform infrared spectra (FTIR) signified the acidic conditions are quiet efficient for the reaction of furfuryl alcohol, urea and glyoxal all together and the -CH₂-NH- and -CH₂-O-CH(OH)- groups are predominating in cross-linking of the tannin-furfuryl alcohol-urea-glyoxal (TFUG) resin. The strengthening contribution of the tannin was also confirmed by the preservation of its distinct crystallinity using X-ray diffraction (XRD). Differential scanning calorimetry… More >

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Shuai Tang¹, Zixin Wang², Zhidan Liu¹, Yuanhui Zhang², Buchun Si^1,*
Journal of Renewable Materials, Vol.8, No.9, pp. 1033-1052, 2020, DOI:10.32604/jrm.2020.011887 - 03 August 2020
Abstract Biochar, one of the products of thermochemical conversion of biomass, possesses specific physiochemical properties such as conductivity, pore adsorption, surface functional groups, and cation exchange capacity. Anaerobic digestion (AD) as a classical bio-wastes conversion technology, suffers from inhibitions, process instability, and methanogenic inefficiency which limit its effi- ciency. With the advantages of pH buffering, functional microbes enrichment, inhibitors alleviating, and direct interspecies electron transfer (DIET) accelerating, biochar suggests a promising application as additives for AD. Herein, this paper reviewed the noting physicochemical properties of biochar, and discussed its roles and related mechanisms in AD. Further, More >

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ARTICLE

Tao Gui¹, Shichen Cai¹, Zhiqiang Wang^1,*, Jianhui Zhou^2,*
Journal of Renewable Materials, Vol.8, No.9, pp. 1053-1066, 2020, DOI:10.32604/jrm.2020.011645 - 03 August 2020
（This article belongs to the Special Issue: Recent Developments on Biobased Materials and Composites)
Abstract Eucalyptus is a major fast-grown species in South China, which has the potential for producing structural wood products such as cross-laminated timber (CLT). Aspect ratio (board width vs. board thickness) of eucalyptus lumbers is small due to the small diameter of fast-grown eucalyptus wood. To evaluate its rolling shear modulus and strength for potential CLT applications, three-layer hybrid CLT shear block specimens with different aspect ratios (2,4,6), were tested by planar shear test method. Digital image correlation (DIC) was employed to measure the rolling shear strain distribution and development during the planar shear tests. The mean… More >

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ARTICLE

Zinta Zimele^1,*, Ilze Irbe², Juris Grinins², Oskars Bikovens², Anrijs Verovkins², Diana Bajare¹
Journal of Renewable Materials, Vol.8, No.9, pp. 1067-1076, 2020, DOI:10.32604/jrm.2020.09646 - 03 August 2020
（This article belongs to the Special Issue: The 10th Conference on Green Chemistry and Nanotechnologies in Polymeric Materials (GCNPM 2019))
Abstract Novel mycelium-based biocomposites (MBB) were obtained from local agricultural (hemp shives) and forestry (wood chips) by-products which were bounded together with natural growth of fungal mycelium. As a result, hemp mycocomposites (HMC) and wood mycocomposites (WMC) were manufactured. Mechanical, water absorption and biodegradation properties of MBB were investigated. MBB were characterized also by ash content and elemental composition. The results of MBB were compared with the reference materials such as the commercial MBB material manufactured by Ecovative^® Design (EV), hemp magnesium oxychloride concrete (HC) and cemented wood wool panel (CW), manufactured by CEWOOD^®. The mechanical properties… More >

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ARTICLE

Beatrise Sture^1,*, Mikelis Kirpluks¹, Sergejs Gaidukovs², Edgars Vanags¹
Journal of Renewable Materials, Vol.8, No.9, pp. 1077-1089, 2020, DOI:10.32604/jrm.2020.09294 - 03 August 2020
（This article belongs to the Special Issue: The 10th Conference on Green Chemistry and Nanotechnologies in Polymeric Materials (GCNPM 2019))
Abstract Photocurable systems are more effective, faster and require less energy than conventional thermal curing methods. To facilitate the ongoing transition toward a biobased economy, photoactive compounds were synthesized from tall oil fatty acids (TOFA) which is a by-product from wood pulping. In this study, photoactive monomers were synthesized by two different chemical pathways using oleic acid and TOFA as raw materials. Firstly, double bonds present in TOFA were epoxidized, followed by epoxy ring-opening with acrylic acid which introduced photoactive functional groups into the fatty acid backbone. Intermediates and final products were analysed using titration methods More >

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ARTICLE

Katharina Müller^1,*, Walter Sonderegger², Oliver Kläusler², Michael Klippel¹, Edwin Zea Escamilla^3,4
Journal of Renewable Materials, Vol.8, No.9, pp. 1091-1109, 2020, DOI:10.32604/jrm.2020.09483 - 03 August 2020
（This article belongs to the Special Issue: Bio-composite Materials and Structures)
Abstract The demand for high-performance, yet eco-friendly materials is increasing on all scales from small applications in the car industry, instrument or furniture manufacturing to greater dimensions like floorings, balcony furnishings and even construction. Wood offers a good choice on all of these scales and can be modified and improved in many different ways. In this study, two common European hardwood species, Beech (Fagus sylvatica L.) and Ash (Fraxinus excelsior L.) were densified in radial direction by thermo-mechanical treatment and the densified product was investigated in an extensive characterisation series to determine all relevant mechanical properties. Compression in… More >

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ARTICLE

Yan Liu¹, Yanfei Guo¹, Xufeng Sun^1,*, Meng Gong²
Journal of Renewable Materials, Vol.8, No.9, pp. 1111-1127, 2020, DOI:10.32604/jrm.2020.09575 - 03 August 2020
（This article belongs to the Special Issue: Bio-composite Materials and Structures)
Abstract Poplar Laminated Veneer Lumber (Poplar LVL) is a new type of engineering materials with high strength, good reliability and small variability. Poplar LVL is manufactured from the fast-growing poplar, which is widely used in packaging, furniture and others, however, is rarely adopted in construction. In order to explore the feasibility of poplar LVL trusses in construction of roof, four 4.5-m-span Fink-and-Howe trusses were designed and assembled, which were made of poplar LVL with bolted- and tooth-plated connections. Vertical static loading on the upper chord joints of a truss was imposed by self-balancing test device. The… More >

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ARTICLE

Rogelio Solorzano-Toala¹, Daniel Gonzalez-Mendoza^2,*, Benjamin Valdez-Salas³, Vianey MendezTrujillo⁴, Federico Gutierrez-Miceli¹, Ernesto Beltran-Partida³, Olivia Tzintzun-Camacho²
Journal of Renewable Materials, Vol.8, No.9, pp. 1129-1137, 2020, DOI:10.32604/jrm.2020.09845 - 03 August 2020
Abstract The aim of this study was the synthesis of silver nanoparticle using Annona diversifolia Safford. The silver nanoparticles obtained were analyzed by spectroscopic methods and dynamic light scattering methods. The inhibition of AgNPs was evaluated against Bacillus cereus, Klebsiella pneumoniae and Enterobacter aerogenes. The results showed that AgNPs have high values at 3 keV and particle size between 45 to 58 nm with a homogenous morphology. The AgNPs showed growth inhibition against Klebsiella pneumoniae and Enterobacter aerogenes. Therefore studies are needed to confirm the potential antimicrobial of different AgNP from A. diversifolia in Gram negative and Gram positive bacteria. More >

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ARTICLE

Ningning Wang¹, Caili Zhang^1,2,*, Wenqin Zhu³, Yunxuan Weng^1,2,*
Journal of Renewable Materials, Vol.8, No.9, pp. 1139-1149, 2020, DOI:10.32604/jrm.2020.09961 - 03 August 2020
Abstract To clarify the effects of lignin as a biodegradable filler added into the PLA matrix, PLA/lignin composites with or without silane coupling agent of γ- (2,3-epoxypropoxy)propy trimethoxysilane (KH560) were prepared by a one-step solvent-free modification method. The effects of KH560 as a compatibilizer on the morphology, chemical structure, crystallization behavior, thermal degradative behavior as well as mechanical strength of the PLA/lignin composites were analyzed in detail. It was found that, after modification by KH560, the fractured surfaces of composites became smooth, suggested sufficient bonding between the lignin and PLA in the composites with KH560 coupling… More >

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ARTICLE

Ilze Beverte^1,*, Vairis Shtrauss¹, Aldis Kalpinsh¹, Uldis Lomanovskis¹, Ugis Cabulis², Irina Sevastyanova², Sergejs Gaidukovs³
Journal of Renewable Materials, Vol.8, No.9, pp. 1151-1170, 2020, DOI:10.32604/jrm.2020.010215 - 03 August 2020
（This article belongs to the Special Issue: The 10th Conference on Green Chemistry and Nanotechnologies in Polymeric Materials (GCNPM 2019))
Abstract Early investigations of dielectric permittivity of rigid polyurethane foams at low frequencies were made on petrochemical-origin foams, mainly by means of parallel plate capacitors. In the present investigation biopolyol was synthesized from Latvia-grown rapeseeds’ oil by the transesterification method with triethanolamine, in an environmentally friendly process, without emission of harmful substances, at temperatures 175°C ± 5°C. Rigid, closed-cell rapeseed oil polyol polyurethane biofoams and petrochemical foams were made ensuring content of the renewable rapeseed oil polyol in ready foams 27 wt.%–29 wt.%. Dielectric permittivity of the polyurethane foams and the underlying monolithic petrochemical-origin polyurethane and… More >

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ARTICLE

C. González-Guisasola¹, O. Gil-Castell^1,2, R. Teruel-Juanes¹, A. Ribes-Greus^1,*
Journal of Renewable Materials, Vol.8, No.9, pp. 1171-1180, 2020, DOI:10.32604/jrm.2020.04399 - 03 August 2020
Abstract Composite polymer electrolyte membranes were prepared with poly (vinyl alcohol) (PVA). Two different molecular weight (M_w), 67·10³ and 130·10³ g·mol⁻¹ were selected, cross-linked with sulfosuccinic acid (SSA) and doped graphene oxide (GO). The effects on the membranes obtained from these polymers were characterized in order to evaluate the fuel cell performance. Electron microscopy showed a proper nanoparticle distribution in the polymer matrix. The chemical structure was evaluated by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. The absence of a crystalline structure and the enhancement on the thermal stability with the addition of 1% of GO was demonstrated by thermal characterization. More >

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