Open Access

ARTICLE

Synthesis and Characterization of DOPO-g-CNSL and Its Effect on the Properties of Phenolic Foams

by Yufeng Ma¹, Xuanang Gong¹, Bing Xie¹, Xiang Geng¹, Puyou Jia²

1 Nanjing Forestry University, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing, 210037, China.
2 Institute of Chemical Industry of Forest Products, Chinese Academy of Forestry (CAF), Nanjing, 210042, China.

*Corresponding Author: Puyou Jia. Email: .

(This article belongs to the Special Issue: Renewable Polymer Materials and Their Application)

Journal of Renewable Materials 2019, 7(10), 1037-1046. https://doi.org/10.32604/jrm.2019.07454

Abstract

In order to improve the mechanical properties without reducing its flame retardancy of phenolic foams (PFs), 9, 10-dihydro-9-oxa-10-phosphaphenanthrene-10-oxide (DOPO) was introduced in the structure of cashew nut shell liquid (CNSL) to improve its flame retardant, and the product of DOPO grafting CNSL (DOPO-g-CNSL) was obtained to modify phenolic resin, and to prepare DOPO-g-CNSL modified PFs (DCMPFs). The structures of DOPO-g-CNSL were verified by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) and nuclear magnetic resonance (1H-NMR). Compared with CNSL, thermal stability of DOPO-g-CNSL was decreased and Ti decreased by 3.53%, but the residual carbon (800°C) was increased by 35.05%. Compared with pure PF, the mechanical properties, toughness and flame retardancy of DCMPFs were increased when the ratio of DOPO-g-CNSL to phenol (DOPO-g-CNSL/P) was no more than 10%. With the dosage of DOPO-g-CNSL/P increased, Ti of DCMPFs was slightly increased, but the carbon residues (800°C) were almost unchanged. And the cell sizes of DCMPFs were basically the same as the pure PF. By comprehensive analysis, the suitable dosage of DOPO-g-CNSL/P was no more than 10%.

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