Open Access

ARTICLE

Effect of Cellulose Nanocrystals on Fire, Thermal and Mechanical Behavior of N,N’-Diallylphenylphosphoricdiamide Modified Poly(lactic acid)

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1 University of Perugia, Civil and Environmental Engineering Department, Materials Engineering Center, UdR INSTM, Strada di Pentima 4, 05100 Terni, Italy
2 IMDEA Materials Institute, C/Eric Kandel, 2, 28906 Getafe, Madrid, Spain

*Corresponding authors: ;
†Equal contribution to this work

Journal of Renewable Materials 2017, 5(5), 423-434. https://doi.org/10.7569/JRM.2017.634146

Abstract

Presented herein is a deep investigation of the fire, mechanical and thermal performances of poly(lactic acid) (PLA)-based nanocomposites, which were obtained by combining cellulose nanocrystals (CNC) with various contents of N,N’-diallyl-phenylphosphoricdiamide (P-AA) via a two-steps masterbatch melt extrusion process (glycidyl methacrylate grafting on PLA and CNC premixing with PLA). Results have shown that the value of the limiting oxygen index (LOI) increased to 28.8% and a V-0 rating in UL94 test was obtained when 2 wt% of P-AA was added in the presence of cellulose nanocrystals (3 wt%). The incorporation of CNC induced a decrease of both PHRR and THR values in micro combustion tests; meanwhile, the nucleating and plasticization effects of CNC and P-AA were evidenced. Results from tensile tests and dynamic mechanical thermal analysis (DMA) showed that the addition of CNC importantly enhanced the mechanical performance of P-AA containing systems, while the thermal stability of the nanocomposites was slightly improved in the presence of the cellulosic nanoreinforcement.

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Keywords

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